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Flashcards in LT Phy Deck (19)
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1
Q

What are anatomical adaptations? Give the 3 types

A
Changes in structure of body or body part
Including:
Change in size
Change in number
Change in viscosity
2
Q

What is continuous training?

A

Performing at a constant work rate intensity, typically long duration and mid/low intensity

3
Q

What is aerobic training?

A

Any type of exercise that aims to stress the aerobic producing capacity of the body

4
Q

What is interval training?

A

Training at a specific W:R ratio. Training can be suited for the desired output, and hence is applicable to almost any performer

5
Q

What is plyometric training?

A

Training to stress the body’s ability to work explosively, exploiting the elastic properties of muscle to develop power, co-ordination and dynamic balance, it involves performing eccentric contractions immediately followed by concentric contractions, generating a higher force

6
Q

What is circuit training?

A

Different exercises being performed in a sequence at exercise stations. Intensity and duration can altered, and hence fit a variety of performers

7
Q

What is weight training?

A

Working with a variable resistance that can be generated by use of free weights

8
Q

What is resistance training?

A

Similar to weight, although bodyweight can be used

9
Q

What is speed training?

A

Maximal strength or max power exercised

10
Q

Give cardio adaptations of aerobic training

A

Increased vascularisation
Increase rbc count
Cardiac hypertrophy

Increased SV 
Increased max cardiac output
Increased end diastolic volume 
Decreased end systolic volume
Bradycardia
Increased vo2 max 
Increased efficiency of cardiac and respiratory muscles 
Elevation of lactate threshold
11
Q

Give muscular adaptations of aerobic training

A

Increased vascularisation of localised tissue
Increased production of myoglobin
Increased size and density of mitochondria
Reduction in body fat
Increased stores of muscle glycogen

Increased endurance capacities of localised muscles
Increased efficiency at utilising oxygen

12
Q

Give skeletal and connective tissue adaptations of aerobic training

A

Increased thickness of ligaments and tendons
New stress layers in supporting bones

Increased elasticity of tendons
Increased strength of ligaments
Increased strength of bones

13
Q

Give neuromuscular adaptations of aerobic exercise

A

Increased calcium deposits

Increase capacity for muscle fibre recruitment
Increased capacity for wave summation

14
Q

Give other/general adaptations of aerobic exercise

A

Increased production of aerobic catalytic enzymes

Increased metabolic rate
Increased capacity to utilise fat as energy fuel at higher intensity
Increased parasympathetic nervous activity

15
Q

Give cardio adaptations of anaerobic training

A

Increased thickness of ventricular myocardium

Increased lactic acid tolerance
Increased capacity to remove lactic acid

16
Q

Give muscular adaptations of anaerobic training

A

Increased stores of muscle glycogen
Increased stores of muscular ATP and PC
Hypertrophy of both type 2 fibres

Increased maximal strength
Increased dynamic power
Increased speed and acceleration

17
Q

Give skeletal and connective tissue adaptations of anaerobic training

A

Increased thickness of ligaments and tendons
New stress layers in supporting bones

Increased elasticity of tendons
Increased strength of bones and ligaments

18
Q

Give neuromuscular adaptations of anaerobic training

A

Increased calcium deposits

Increased speed of neural transmission
Increased rate of muscle fibre recruitment
Increased number of muscle fibres recruited

19
Q

Define adaptation

A

A long term and permanent change as a result of environmental factors