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Massage therapy > M106 Skeletal system and joint review > Flashcards

M106 Skeletal system and joint review Flashcards

1
Q

The primary organs of the skeletal system

A

Bones

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2
Q

We classify bones by their?

A

Shape/size

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3
Q

Another name for joints?

A

Articulation

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4
Q

Which body system supports, protects, aids in movement and stores?

A

Skeletal

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5
Q

Name some structures that bone protects

A

Spongy bone, Red and yellow blood marrow, Brain, Spinal cord

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6
Q

How do muscles move bones

A

They pull

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7
Q

What do bones store

A

Calcium, minerals, red and yellow bone marrow

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8
Q

This term means blood cell formation

A

Homeopoiseis

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9
Q

Where does blood cell formation take place?

A

Red bone marrow

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10
Q

Soft connective tissue inside the hard walls of some bones

A

Red bone marrow

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11
Q

List the 5 types of bones

A

Long, short (cube), flat, irregular, and sesamoid

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12
Q

2 examples of long bones

A

Femur and ulna

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13
Q

Example of short bones

A

Carpals

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14
Q

Example of flat bones

A

Ribs

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15
Q

Example of irregular bones

A

Scapula, vertebrae

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16
Q

Example of a sesamoid bone

A

Patella

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17
Q

An example of a bone encapsulated within a tendon

A

Patella

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18
Q

The shaft of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

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19
Q

The hollow area inside the shaft of a long bone

A

Medullary marrow cavity

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20
Q

This contains the yellow bone marrow

A

Medullary marrow cavity

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21
Q

The ends of long bones

A

Epiphysis

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22
Q

Red bone marrow is found in this part of long bone

A

Spongy bone

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23
Q

Spongy bone is found where?

A

Epiphysis

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24
Q

The thin layer of cartilage that covers epiphyses

A

Articular

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25
Q

The purpose of articular cartilage

A

To cushion and protect joints

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26
Q

The strong fibrous membrane covering long bones (except at joint surfaces)

A

Periosteum

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27
Q

The type of cartilage that covers joint surface

A

Articular

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28
Q

The fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity

A

Endosteum

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29
Q

The major types of connective tissue in the skeletal system

A

Bones& cartilage

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30
Q

Names for the outer layer of bone

A

Dense/ compact

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31
Q

The porous bone at the end of long bones

A

Spongey bone

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32
Q

The needlelike threads of spongy bones that surrounds a network of spaces

A

Traburculae

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33
Q

The intracellular substance of a tissue

A

Matrix

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34
Q

Numerous structural units that’re how the bone matrix is organized

A

Osteons

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35
Q

The ring of calcified matrix surrounding the haversian canal

A

Concentric Lamaelle

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36
Q

The pathway in bone that contains a blood vessel

A

Central canal

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37
Q

Bone cells

A

Osteocytes

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38
Q

These are found between the hard layers of lamellae

A

Osteocytes

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39
Q

Spaces where osteocytes are found

A

Lacunae

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40
Q

Nutrients pass from the blood vessel in the haversian canal to the osetocytes through the

A

Caniculae

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41
Q

Cartilage cells

A

Chondrocytes

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42
Q

No blood vessels are found in this material

A

Cartilage

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43
Q

Bone forming cells

A

Osteoblasts

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44
Q

Bone resorbing cells

A

Osteoclasts

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45
Q

The process of bone formation

A

Endochondral Ossification

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46
Q

The cartilage between the epiphyses and diaphysis that allows bone growth

A

Epiphyseal Plate

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47
Q

When there is no longer bone growth, what remains where there was once cartilage

A

Epiphyseal line

48
Q

This bone pathology occurs in elder white females

A

Osteoporosis

49
Q

The division of the skeleton that includes the clavicles and scapula

A

Appendicular

50
Q

The division that contains the head and trunk

A

Axial

51
Q

The only point in the upper skeleton where the axial and appendicular skeletons articulate

A

Sternoclavicular joint

52
Q

How many cranial bones

A

8

53
Q

How many facial bones

A

14

54
Q

The number of bones in the inner ears

A

3 in each ear

55
Q

The spaces or cavities inside some cranial bones

A

Sinuses

56
Q

4 pairs of these are found in the frontal, maxillary, sphenoid and ethmoid bones

A

Sinuses

56
Q

4 pairs of these are found in the frontal, maxillary, sphenoid and ethmoid bones

A

Paranasal

57
Q

Inflammation of the frontal sinus

A

Frontal sinusitis

58
Q

The name for immovable joints

A

Sutures

59
Q

The immovable joint between the parietal and occipital bone

A

Lambdodial suture

60
Q

The suture between the parietal temporal and a part of the sphenoid bones

A

Squamous suture

61
Q

The suture between the parietal and frontal bone

A

Coronal suture

62
Q

The six soft spots on a baby skull where ossification is incomplete

A

Fontanels

63
Q

Ossification of the bones in the school is complete by age?

A

Two

64
Q

The hole in the center of a vertebrae

A

Vertebral foramen

65
Q

How many curves are in your spine?

A

4

66
Q

The types of curves in your spine (except for in newborns)

A

Concave and convex

67
Q

The cervical and lumbar curves are

A

Concave

68
Q

The thoracic and sacral curves are

A

Convex

69
Q

What type of rib attaches directly to the sternum via costal cartilage

A

True rib

70
Q

Which pairs of ribs attach to the last true rib

A

8th,9th&10

71
Q

Ribs that dont directly attach to the sternum are called

A

False ribs

72
Q

What do we call the two ribs that lack cartilage

A

Floating ribs

73
Q

The second longest bone in the body

A

Tibia

74
Q

The large bony process of the ulna

A

Olecrannon

75
Q

The endangerment site on the sternum

A

Xiphoid process

76
Q

Number of carpals in the body

A

16

77
Q

Number of metacarpals

A

10

78
Q

Number of bones that make the phalanges of both hands

A

28

79
Q

Total number of bones in both hands

A

54

80
Q

Another name for the hip/pelvic bones

A

Coxal

81
Q

The longest bone in the body

A

Femur

82
Q

The hip socket made up of the illium, ischium, and pubis

A

Acetabulum

83
Q

The shinbone

A

Tibia

84
Q

The knee cap

A

Patella

85
Q

The heel bone and largest tarsal

A

Calcaneus

86
Q

Which gender had less than a 90 degree angle in the pelvic girdle

A

Male

87
Q

The only bone that doesn’t connect w/ another bone

A

Hyoid :)

88
Q

Name the three types of joints

A

Synarthrotic, Amphithrotic, and diathrotic

89
Q

The type of joint in which fibrous connective tissue grows between articulating bones holding them close together

A

Synarthrotic

90
Q

An example of the least moveable joint

A

Sutures between cranial bones

91
Q

The type of joint in which cartilage connects articulating bones

A

Amphiathrotic joints

92
Q

An example of a slightly moveable joint

A

Pubic symphisis

93
Q

The most moveable type of joint

A

Diathrotic

94
Q

These all have a joint capsule, joint cavity& a layer of cartilage over the end of two joining bones

A

Diathrotic joints

95
Q

The strongest& toughest material of the body that makes up joint capsules

A

Fibrous connective tissue

96
Q

These grow out of the periosteum and lash two bones together

A

Ligaments

97
Q

This lays over the joint ends of bones and absorbs jolts

A

Articular cartilage

98
Q

This secretes a lubricating fluid that allows easier movement easier movement w/ less friction at the joint

A

Synovial membrane

99
Q

Ball&socket, hinge, pivot ect are examples of which kind of joint?

A

Diathrotic

100
Q

This diathrotic joint has the widest ROM

A

Ball and socket

101
Q

Type of joint allows movement in only 2 directions

A

Hinge

102
Q

This type of joint allows the head to move (atlas and axis)

A

Pivot joint

103
Q

The type of diathrotic joint that allows great mobility

A

Saddle

104
Q

This type of diathrotic joint allows for the least amount of movement

A

Gliding

105
Q

This type of diathrotic joint requires a condyle

A

Condyloid joint

106
Q

Example of ball&socket

A

Shoulder/hip

107
Q

Example of hinge

A

Elbow/ knee

108
Q

Example of a pivot joint

A

Atlas/axis

109
Q

The only saddle joint in humans

A

Thumb

110
Q

Example of a gliding joint

A

Vertebrae

111
Q

Example of conyloid joints

A

Radius/ carpals

112
Q

Strongest bone in the body

A

Femur

113
Q

Hardest bone in the body

A

Jawbone

114
Q

Largest and strongest of the tarsals

A

Calcaneus

Massage therapy (11 decks)

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