Madeleine Leininger

Question 1

Born in Nebraska in 1925. She began her nursing career after she graduated with a diploma from St. Anthony’s School of Nursing in Denver, Colorado.

Answer 1

Madeleine Leininger

Question 2

The culture care diversity and universality theory has features that distinctly set it apart from other nursing theories.

Answer 2

Transcultural Nursing

Question 3

It is the only theory that focuses on holistic and comprehensive culture care.

Answer 3

Transcultural Nursing

Question 4

It can be used in any culture because it includes multiple holistic factors that are universally found across cultures

Answer 4

Transcultural Nursing

Question 5

Refers to the patterned lifeways, values, beliefs, norms, symbols, and practices of individuals that are learned, shared, and usually transmitted from one generation to the other

Answer 5

Culture

Question 6

it is learned by each generation through both formal and informal life experiences

Answer 6

Culture

Question 7

The practices of a particular culture often arise because of the group’s social and physical environment. These practices and beliefs are adapted over time, but they remain constant as long as they satisfy needs.

Answer 7

Culture

Question 8

the term ________ refers to an in-depth self-examination of one’s own background, recognizing biases and prejudices and assumptions about other people

Answer 8

Culture Awareness

Question 9

The subjectively or objectively learned and transmitted values, beliefs, and patterned ways of life that assist, support, or facilitate another individual to maintain well-being and health or to deal with illness, handicaps, or death.

Answer 9

Culture care

Question 10

Leininger believe that cultures have both health practices that are specific to one culture and prevailing patterns that are common across cultures that’s why she came up with the terms diversity and universality

Answer 10

Culture care

Question 11

refers to cultural variability or differences in care beliefs, meanings, patterns, values, and lifeways within the culture

Answer 11

Culture care diversity

Question 12

Refers to the common, similar, or dominant care beliefs, meanings, patterns, values, and lifeways that are manifest among many cultures

Answer 12

Culture care universality

Question 13

Refers to a formal area of humanistic and scientific knowledge and practices focused on holistic culture care and competencies to assist individuals or groups to maintain or regain their health and to deal with disabilities or other human conditions in culturally congruent and beneficial ways

Answer 13

Transcultural nursing

Question 14

Leininger identified three modalities that guide nursing judgments, decisions, and actions:
a.
b.
c.

Answer 14

Transcultural nursing
a. Cultural care preservation or maintenance
b. Cultural care accommodation or negotiation
c. Cultural care repatterning or restructuring

Question 15

refers to those assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling professional actions and decisions that help people of a particular culture to retain or maintain care values and lifeways

Answer 15

Transcultural nursing
Cultural care preservation or maintenance

Question 16

it retain and or preserve relevant care values so that clients can maintain their well-being, recover from illness, or face handicaps and/or death

Answer 16

Transcultural nursing
Cultural care preservation or maintenance

Question 17

refers to assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling professional actions and decisions that help people of a particular culture to adapt or negotiate with the others for a beneficial or satisfying health outcome

Answer 17

Transcultural nursing
Cultural care accommodation or negotiation

Question 18

Refers to assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling professional actions and decisions that help people of a particular culture to reorder, change, or modify life ways for a new, different and beneficial health care pattern

Answer 18

Transcultural nursing
Cultural care repatterning or restructuring

Question 19

care that fits the people’s valued life patterns and set of meanings - which is generated from the people themselves, rather than based on predetermined criteria.

Answer 19

Culturally congruent care

Question 20

it requires the nurse to assume the role of a learner of the client’s culture and co-partners with the client in defining care.

Answer 20

Culturally congruent care

Question 21

It is also assumed that when culturally based nursing care is beneficial and healthy, it contributes to the well being of the client; in contrast, when care is not culturally congruent, the client will demonstrate signs of stress, noncompliance, cultural conflict, or ethical concerns.

Answer 21

Culturally congruent care

Question 22

Refers to the ability of the practitioner to bridge cultural gaps in caring, work with cultural differences and enable clients and families to achieve meaningful and supportive caring.

Answer 22

Culturally competent care

Question 23

Culturally competent care requires specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes in the delivery of culturally congruent care and awareness.

Answer 23

Culturally competent care

Question 24

administration of medications must take into consideration some of the patient’s beliefs and practices

Answer 24

Transcultural Nursing

Question 25

Catholics usually will _____ on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday except for sick patients

Answer 25

fast

Question 26

Muslims will fast during _______

Answer 26

Ramadan

Question 27

medications are acceptable to the extent necessary

Answer 27

Jehovah’s witness

Question 28

Disease in a specific race
sickle cell anemia, hypertension

Answer 28

Africans

Question 29

Disease in a specific race
Osteoporosis

Answer 29

Asian

Question 30

Disease in a specific race
cervical cancer (female)

Answer 30

Blacks

Question 31

Disease in a specific race
prostate cancer (male)

Answer 31

Blacks

Question 32

Disease in a specific race
breast cancer

Answer 32

Jewish

Question 33

Disease in a specific race
testicular cancer

Answer 33

Whites

Question 34

Communication across cultures

rarely communicate their need for analgesics since they were taught self-restraint

Answer 34

Asians

Question 35

Communication across cultures

discussions pertaining to the reproductive organs with male relatives or health care providers are considered impolite.

Answer 35

Hispanic women

Question 36

Communication across cultures

prefer to talk to female doctors on matters related to reproductive problems.

Answer 36

Muslim women

Question 37

Dietary modifications

cold desserts (yin yang) are served after surgery

Answer 37

Chinese

Question 38

Dietary modifications

main meal is served midday and is usually followed by coffee

Answer 38

Europeans

Question 39

Dietary modifications

Kosher diet (no meat and dairy products at the same time)

Answer 39

Jewish

Question 40

Dietary modifications

Halal diet ( no pork)

Answer 40

Muslim