MANA 3318 Ch. 10 Flashcards Preview

MANA 3318 > MANA 3318 Ch. 10 > Flashcards

Flashcards in MANA 3318 Ch. 10 Deck (23)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

programmed decision

A

a simple, routine matter for which a manager has an established decision rule.

2
Q

nonprogrammed decision

A

a new, complex decision that requires a creative solution

3
Q

effective decision

A

a timely decision that meets a desired objective and is acceptable to those individuals affected by it.

4
Q

rationality

A

a logical, step-by-step approach to decision making, with a thorough analysis of alternatives and their consequences.

5
Q

bounded rationality

A

a theory that suggests that there are limits to how rational a decision maker can actually be.

6
Q

satisfice

A

to select the first alternative that is “good enough” because the costs in time and effort are too great to optimize

7
Q

heuristics

A

shortcuts in decision making that save mental activity

8
Q

escalation of commitment

A

the tendency to continue to support a failing course of action

9
Q

cognitive style

A

an individual’s preference for gathering information and evaluating alternatives

10
Q

risk aversion

A

the tendency to choose options that entail fewer risks and less uncertainty

11
Q

intuition

A

a fast, positive force in decision making that is utilized at a level below consciousness and involves learned patterns of information

12
Q

creativity

A

a process influenced by individual and organizational factors that results in the production of novel and useful ideas, products, or both

13
Q

synergy

A

a positive force that occurs in groups when group members stimulate new solutions to problems through the process of mutual influence and encouragement within the group

14
Q

social decision schemes

A

simple rules used to determine final group decisions

15
Q

groupthink

A

a deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment resulting from pressures within the group

16
Q

group polarization

A

the tendency for group discussion to produce shifts toward more extreme attitudes among members

17
Q

brainstorming

A

a technique for generating as many ideas as possible on a given subject, while suspending evaluation until all the ideas have been suggested

18
Q

nominal group technique (NGT)

A

a structured approach to group decision making that focuses on generating alternatives and choosing one.

19
Q

devil’s advocacy

A

a technique for preventing groupthink in which a group or individual is given the role of critic during decision making

20
Q

dialectical inquiry

A

a debate between two opposing sets of recommendations

21
Q

quality circle

A

a small group of employees who work voluntarily on company time, typically one hour per week, to address work-related problems such as quality control, cost reduction, production planning and techniques, and even product design

22
Q

quality team

A

a team that is part of an organization’s structure and is empowered to act on its decisions regarding product and service quality.

23
Q

participative decision making

A

decision making in which individuals who are affected by decision influence the making of those decisions