Inflammation/infection of bile system
Cholangitis
RUQ pain, fever, jaundice, altered mental status, hypotension (shock)
Cholangitis (inflammation/infection of bile system)
Elevated alkaline phosphatase and direct bilirubin. Ultrasound will show stone in common bile duct. E. Coli, enterococcus, klebsiella
Cholangitis
Inflammation of gallbladder
Cholecystitis
Fat, female, forties, fever
Cholecystitis
Female with several kids. RUQ > 6 hrs. Pain worsens with intake of fatty food. Patient stops in mid-exhalation with examiner pushing down on RUQ. Ultrasound shows thickened gallbladder wall and pericholecystic fluid with gallstones
Cholecystitis
Presence of at least one gall stone in common bile duct
Choledocholithiasis
Severe abdominal pain, Pruritus (from elevated liver enzymes), jaundice, dark urine, and pale, clay colored stools
Choledocholithiasis
Presence of gallstones in gall bladder
Cholelithiasis
RUQ pain for a few hrs, N/V. Associated with fatty meals. RUQ ultrasound shows gallstones that are not obstructing
Cholelithiasis
Jaundice, Ascites, edema, hepatomegaly, palmar erythema, encephalopathy, gynecomastia, hypogonadism. Hx of alcoholism and hepatitis. Prolonged PT and hypoalbuminemia
Cirrhosis
Microcytic anemia. Pencil - thin stools with blood
Colorectal cancer
Inflammation/infection caused by diverticula getting obstructed
Diverticulitis
LLQ pain, fever. Leukocytosis
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of gallbladder w/o evidence of gallstones or cystic duct obstruction. Seen in critically ill (burn/trauma patient).
Acalculous cholecystitis
Painless rectal bleeding. Pts > 60 yrs. Hx of low fiber diet. Risk of colon cancer and contraindication to colonoscopy
Diverticulosis
Choking, coughing, and dysphasia while eating. Regurgitating food eaten a while back. Halitosis
Esophageal diverticula
False diverticulum of posterior pharyngeal constrictor muscles, arising from between inferior pharyngeal constrictor and cricopharyngeus muscle
Zenker
Hx of recent esophageal procedure, vomiting, or retching. Hematemesis and Hx of alcoholism. Crepitus on neck and mediastinum
Esophageal rupture, BoerHaave syndrome
Chest pain when drinking cold liquids. Corkscrew appearance during episodes. Treat with ca channel blockers and nitrates
Esophageal spasm
Due to dilated submucosal veins
Esophageal varices
Chest pain, dysphasia, odynophagia. Associated with GERD, chemical exposure. Sign of AIDS
Esophagitis
Nodular filling defects on barium swallow
Candida
Linear ulcers
CMV
Punched out ulcers
HSV
Intranuclear lesion
CMV
Hx smoked foods, chronic gastritis, achlorhydria, h. Pylori. Lymphadenopathy in left supraclavicular area and umbilical area. Acanthosis nigricans
Gastric cancer