Medications

Question 1

Name a narrow spectrum beta-lactam

Answer 1

Phenoxymethypenicillin

Question 2

What is the class, spectrum and additional activity (vs. others in its spectrum) for Di/Flucloxacillin?

Answer 2

Class: Penicillins / beta lactam
Spectrum: narrow
Additional activity: staph activity

Question 3

Name a moderate spectrum beta lactam

Answer 3

Amoxycillin, Ampicillin

Question 4

Name a broad spectrum beta lactam

Answer 4

Amoxycillin with Clavulanate

Question 5

Two things about cephalosporins (cephalexin, cephalexin)

Answer 5

1. moderate spectrum

2. staph activity

Question 6

What class is vancomycin and what are three things it can be used for?

Answer 6

• Glycopeptide
  1. Endocarditis prophylaxis
  2. Severe infections (IV abx)
  3. Penicillin hypersensitivity

Question 7

What class is clindamycin and what is its main use in dentistry?

Answer 7

• Lincosamides

- Alternative in penicillin allergy

Question 8

Name two macrolides and one thing they can be used for

Answer 8

• Roxithromycin, Erythromycin

- Alternative in penicillin allergy

Question 9

What class are metronidazole and tinidazole?
What are they the drug of choice for?
What are their dosings?
What are two warnings?

Answer 9

• Nitroimidazole
• Spreading neck infections and acute ulcerative gingivitis
• Metronidazole: 400mg bd for 5 days
• Nitroimidazole: 2g stat
  1. Disulfiram reaction
  2. Inhibits warfarin metabolism

Question 10

Name a tetracycline, what it can be used for and FOUR warnings

Answer 10

• Doxycycline
• Prevent root resorption after avulsion
  1. Tooth discolouration (<12yo or <18wks pregnant)
• short courses of breastfeeding okay (7-10days)
  2. Warfarin
  3. Oesophagitis
  4. Antacids

Question 11

Name two antifungals, and how many days they should be continued after lesion resolution?

Answer 11

• Miconazole (7days), nystatin (2days)

NOTE: oral use of miconazole can increase INR

Question 12

MOA of NSAIDS?

Answer 12

Decrease pro-inflammatory mediator (prostaglandin) formation via blocking COX conversion of arachidonic acid

Question 13

Name all topical corticosteroids and their potencies

Answer 13

Mild: hydrocortisone
Moderate: betamethasone valerate, triamcinolone, methylprednisolone
Potent: Betamethasone dipropionate, Mometasone

Question 14

MOA of benzodiazepines and onset?

Answer 14

MOA: potentiates GABA
Onset: 1 hour (optimal)

Question 15

Two concentrations of stand-alone chlorhexidine mouthwashes, dose instructions and max duration of use?

Answer 15

• 0.2% (10mL) and 0.12% (15mL)
• Rinse in mouth for 1 min bd-tid for 7-10 days
• 2 weeks

Question 16

Povidone-iodine contraindication?

Answer 16

Pregnancy (hypothyroidism in neonates)

Question 17

Action of Benzydamine?

Answer 17

Antiinflammatory