Medicine Flashcards
1
Q
Hippocrates
A
GREEK
- 4 humours (blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile)
- if unbalanced you will get ill
2
Q
Galen
A
ROME
- believed blood was made in the liver and burned in the heart
- dissected animals
- ideas on the human jaw bone were incorrect
3
Q
Versallius
A
RENNAISANCE
- was an anatomist
- took bodies from cemeteries and dissected them
- corrected Galen’s ideas
4
Q
Pare
A
RENAISSANCE
- War surgeon (previously a barber surgeon)
- Used ointments (egg yolks and oil of rose) instead of cauterising wounds with hot oil
- Created ligatures with silk threads to tie arteries in amputations
5
Q
Harvey
A
RENAISSANCE
- Discovered the heart acts as a pump and proved Galen wrong
- Dissected reptiles (cold blooded animals) to see the heart pumping slower
6
Q
Jenner
A
18TH CENTURY
- Small country doctor
- noticed milkmaids didn’t get smallpox but got cowpox
- Injected a small boy with cowpox then with small pox
- vaccination = 1798
- compulsory = 1852
7
Q
Pasteur
A
19TH CENTURY
- Proved bacteria grew over time
- said disease was caused by bacteria and not miasma (bad air)
- germ theory = 1861
8
Q
Koch
A
19TH CENTURY
- Developed germ theory
- proved different bacteria caused different diseases
- identified cholera in 1880s
9
Q
Simpson
A
19TH CENTURY
- Discovered the first anaesthetics (chloroform)
- Nitrous oxide (laughing gas) and ether were used prior to chloroform
- Queen Victoria used it in childbirth
10
Q
Lister
A
19TH CENTURY
- used carbolic acid to kill germs and stop infection
- invented aseptic surgery
- surgery deaths went from 45% to 15%
11
Q
Fleming
A
1928
- discovered penicillin by accident
12
Q
Florey and Chain
A
1930s and 1940s
- Developed penicillin
- the US government gave them $80 million to develop it for war
13
Q
Crick and Watson
A
1953
- Discovered DNA
- Discovered different genes determined hair and eye colour
