Medicines 55 Flashcards
(20 cards)
When would you add spiro or doxaz or beta-blocker in the later steps of hypertension
Consider seeking expert advice or adding a:
* low-dose spironolactone
if blood potassium level is ≤4.5 mmol/l
* alpha-blocker or beta-blocker if blood potassium level is >4.5 mmol/l
When should statins be stopped before trying to concieve ?
3 months before
How can you remember the apixaban dosing for different conditions?
Prophylaxis usually lower 2.5mg BD
Treatment dose usually higher - 10mgBD -> 5mgBD
Which DPP-4 inhibitors are contraindicated in HF?
Vildagliptin in severe HF
Alogliptin in moderate to severe
If two COC pills are missed in week 1 or week 2&3 is Emergency contraception needed
Week 1
additional contraception (e.g., condoms) for 7 days.
Emergency contraception (EC) may be needed if unprotected sex occurred in the previous 7 days.
Week 2
Use condoms for 7 days.
EC is not needed if pills in week 1 were taken properly.
Week 3
Take the most recent missed pill now, finish the pack, and skip the pill-free week by starting the next pack immediately.
If you don’t want to skip the break, use additional contraception for 7 days and take a 4- or 7-day break only if 7 consecutive pills were taken correctly beforehand.
💊 Emergency contraception is not needed if you skip the pill-free interval (option 1).
But if you don’t manage it properly or had unprotected sex earlier in the week, EC may be indicated.
Which TCAs have less sedating effects?
No Lie In
Noritriptyline
Lofepramine
Imipramine
What is a potential side effect of cimetidine when used in high doses?
Cimetidine has been associated with gynaecomastia andimpotence when used in high doses
Which PPIs are fine to use with clopidogrel?
lansoprazole,pantoprazole, or rabeprazole if PPI therapy is needed.
WHich medication used to treat TB can worsen gout
Pyrazinamide can induce hyperuricemia as a side effect, potentially manifesting as goutflare-ups
What are the symptoms of seretonin syndrome?
The symptoms of serotonin syndrome include fever, sweating,confusion, diarrhoea and abnormal movements.
What is the treatment for superventricular tachycardia?
Adenosine is used in thetreatment of supraventriculartachycardia and is givenintravenously.
If skin rash occurs on allopurinol what actions should be taken?
should be stopped immediately
What is a key SE of Ivabradine to be aware of?
(treatment for HF or Angina
Ivabradine may cause visual disturbances such as blurred vision and luminous phenomena (brief spots or flashes of light).
How can antiepileptic drugs affect hair?
Antiepileptic drugs, including phenobarbitone and phenytoin, may lead to excess hair growth.Valproate can cause both hair lossand hirsutism as potential side effects.
Which symptoms does topical estradiol help with?
What test is used for addisons disease?
Short Synacthen Test (ACTH stimulation test)
Little or no increase in cortisol levels after Synacthen.
Indicates adrenal glands are damaged and unresponsive to ACTH.
When is goserelin used? (a GnRH analogue)
In premenopausal women with oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer
As an option for ovarian function suppression (OFS), especially:
**If chemotherapy is declined or contraindicated
**
To preserve fertility during chemotherapy (by temporarily suppressing ovarian function)
Alongside tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors (if ovarian function is fully suppressed)
What is the treatment for Dementia?
Which Antiepileptic drugs are found in breast milk?
Monotherapy
Encourage breastfeeding
Monitorall infants for sedation, feeding issues, weight & developmental milestones
Primidone, phenobarbital & benzodiazepines
- drowsiness in breastfed babies
ZELP
Zonosamide/Ethosuximide/ Lamotrigine/Phenytoin
