Memory Flashcards
Information processing
Input - where information enters the body through the senses
Encoding - infomation is transformed into a format we can understand
Storage - where infomation is kept within the brain
Retrieval - recalling infomation from where its stored in memory
Output - using infomation that you have retrieved
Anterograde amnesia
Inability to form new memories after damage to the hippocampus this is because the memory’s can’t pass from the short to the long term memory
Retrograde amnesia
The inability to recall memories from the past after damage to the frontal lobe can be tested with the remote memory test
Procedural memory
It is responsible for motor skills these are things like walking damage to the cerebellum can affect this and stop us learning new or improving old skills
Multi store model of memory
Input | Encoding Sensory memory - decay | attention Short term Memory -decay displace | / transfer | elaborate rehearsal | \ retrival Long term memory -decay displace
Short term Memory
This is where information goes from the Sensory store if attention has been paid to it it has a capacity of 7 items +-2 and duration 30 seconds
It passed on to long term memory maintenance rehearsal if it isn’t passed to longterm memory it gets displaced or decays
Short term Memory
This is where information goes from the Sensory store if attention has been paid to it it has a capacity of 7 items +-2 and duration 30 seconds
It passed on to long term memory maintenance rehearsal if it isn’t passed to longterm memory it gets displaced or decays
Sensory store
Lots of information can be kept here but only for around 2 seconds this is the first store the information goes to
Long term memory
No limit capacity and no limit of duration infomation can be permanently stored here but also can decay or be displaced
Criticisms of multi-store model of memory
It's too simple Neuropsychology has also suggested that long term memory is also made up of more than one store The module places too much importance on the role of rehearsal versus meaning Other psychologists have suggested that thinking about the meaning of what you are trying to remember (Semantic processing) is more important in transferring it to long term memory than simply repeating it
Clive wearing study - background
2008 by Wilson, Kopelman and Kapur
Brain damage can cause amnesia or dementia in extremely sever cases causes 2 types of distorted memories: Faulty episodic memories (incorrectly recalled), fault semantic memories (knowledge and understanding is incorrect thus is what Clive has
Clive wearing study - aim and sample and method
to study the life of Clive wearing who was born in the UK in 1938 they used a longitudinal study covering 21 years they gathered qualitive and quantitative data
Clive wearing study - materials
Neuropsychological assessments
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning
Clive wearing study - results
severe brain abnormalities Both retrograde and anterograde amnesia The inability to form new memories Decreased performance and verbal IQ Some loss of semantic memory A severely damaged episodic memory
Clive wearing study - conclusion
CW sense of self was disrupted by his memory disorder
The viral infection heroes simplex encephalitis can result in brain damage
Brain damage can result in both retrograde and anterograde amnesia
