Memory Problems: Assessment

Question 1

short term memory is anything up to __ mins

Answer 1

30

Question 2

difference between implicit and explicit memory?

Answer 2

you’re conscious in your knowledge of explicit memory and not in implicit

Question 3

what kind of memory involves knowledge of skills and tasks?

Answer 3

procedural memory

Question 4

what kind of memory manages facts and events?

Answer 4

declarative memory

Question 5

semantic memory manages..

Answer 5

organised knowledge

facts

Question 6

if you cant identify categories there is a problem with your ___ memory

Answer 6

semantic

Question 7

sensory memory is memory up to what time?

Answer 7

1 sec ago

Question 8

your ability to ride a bike or play sports relies on ___ memoy

Answer 8

procedural

Question 9

declarative memory is a form of explicit/implicit memory

Answer 9

explicit

Question 10

procedural memory is a form of explicit/implicit memory

Answer 10

implicit

Question 11

what 4 functions do you need to be able to process memory?

Answer 11

attention
encoding
storage
retrieval

Question 12

describe anterograde amnesia?

Answer 12

difficulty acquiring NEW material and remembering events since the ONSET of the illness/injury eg 50 first dates

Question 13

describe retrograde amnesia?

Answer 13

difficulty in remembering information prior to the illness/injury

Question 14

forgetting appointments and difficulty with finding words suggests dementia T or F

Answer 14

F, sounds more like mild cognitive impairment

Question 15

what part of the memory is most affected in dementia?

Answer 15

short term memory

Question 16

if a patient isnt aware of their cognitive problems this could signify dementia T or F

Answer 16

T

Question 17

when does forgetting objects signify a memory problem?

Answer 17

if you forget what the item is used for or if its put in an inappropriate place

Question 18

if a patient has moderate memory problems and depression how should they be treated?

Answer 18

treat the depression first

DO NOT DIAGNOSE DEMENTIA UNTIL OTHER CO-MORBIDITIES HAVE BEEN TREATED

Question 19

consciousness is clouded in dementia T or F

Answer 19

T

Question 20

criteria for a dementia diagnosis?

Answer 20

2 or more of:
forgetfulness, memory loss, confusion, poor reasoning and logic, personality changes, poor judgement, ability to focus, visual perception

Question 21

how is sleep in dementia?

Answer 21

nocturnal wandering

confuson

Question 22

how do emotions present in dementia?

Answer 22

patient is shallow, labile and irritable

Question 23

what questions can you ask to gage whether their memory loss is affecting daily life?

Answer 23

ask about cooking issues
TV - do they remember channels? follow news?
cleaning?
driving
hobbies
ever got lost/disorientated?

Question 24

what information should you get from a collateral history?

Answer 24

functional abilities at home
what do they support them with
any changes in recent weeks?
rate and pattern of cognitive decline
do they know they have a problem?

Question 25

main umbrella things to ask about in memory loss Hx?

Answer 25

``` memory before and now what do they forget? concentration mood anxious/worries coping at home? find out their routine ask about finances ```

Question 26

addenbrokes cut off?

Answer 26

mid 80s/100

Question 27

what should be considered along with cognitive assessment as to whether a patient has dementia or not?

Answer 27

acute or chronic? premorbid vs morbid function overall mental state collateral history

Question 28

if a patient is borderline after assessment what is done?

Answer 28

wait 6-12 months and reassess; don't diagnose!

Question 29

reversible causes of cognitive impairment?

Answer 29

``` alcohol delirium medication thyroid/endocrine/metabolic neuro infections brain lesions depression ```

Question 30

define mild cognitive impairment

Answer 30

noticeable cognitive impairment with LITTLE deterioriation

Question 31

how should you structure giving a diagnosis of dementia?

Answer 31

``` patient has someone there what do they already know? what do they want to know? explain dementia + type thoughts/feelings concerns management plan ```

Question 32

4 main symptoms of alzheimers disease?

Answer 32

poor short term memory loss dysphasia dyspraxia agnosia

Question 33

dysphasia is more common in vascular dementia/alzheimers

Answer 33

vascular

Question 34

affective symptoms are present in what 2 types of dementia

Answer 34

vascular | frontottemporal

Question 35

dyscalculia is a feature of what dementia...

Answer 35

vascular dementia

Question 36

what drugs can be prescribed to dementia patients to slow cognitive decline?

Answer 36

cholinesterase inhibitors

Question 37

SPECT is a good form of imaging for what dementia?

Answer 37

FTD

Question 38

1st line imaging for dementia?

Answer 38

CT

Question 39

when would you do an MRI in dementia?

Answer 39

young patient atypical features fast progression

Question 40

when would you do a DAT scan in dementia?

Answer 40

if the patient has parkinsons plus symptoms | parkinsons dementia/LBD

Question 41

side effects of cholinesterase inhibitors?

Answer 41

``` GI headaches muscle cramps bradycardias worsen COPD/asthma ```

Question 42

when to avoid cholinesterase inhibitors?

Answer 42

active peptic ulcer | severe asthma/COPD

Question 43

memantine is a drug to manage what dementia?

Answer 43

AD

Question 44

at what stage of dementia should memantine be started?

Answer 44

moderate dementia

Question 45

what drug class should be avoided in LBD or parkinsonian dementia?

Answer 45

antipsychotics - make parkinsonian symptoms worse!