Mendelian genetics

Question 1

what are genes

Answer 1

information passed on from parents to offspring if information is packaged as discrete particles

Question 2

how many copies of each gene does a offspring have

Answer 2

2 copies - one from each parent

Question 3

what are alleles

Answer 3

different forms of a gene as genes controlling a trait can differ

Question 4

what is a locus

Answer 4

the specific position where the genes for a particular trait resides

Question 5

what is the reason for a test cross

Answer 5

to find the missing allele

Question 6

what are Mendel’s law explained by

Answer 6

both laws are explained by chromosomal behavior during meiosis

Question 7

what is Mendel’s 1st law

Answer 7

law of segregation
Genes segregate at meiosis so that each gamete contains only one one of the 2 passes by the parent

Question 8

what is Mendel’s 2nd law

Answer 8

law of independent assortment
Alleles of different genes assort independently during gamete formation