Mendell's Study Guide #3 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Mendell's Study Guide #3 Deck (17)
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1
Q

there are three different alleles for a blood group A, B, and O but an indiidual has only two at a time

A

multiple alleles

2
Q

crosses between cremello (off-white) horses always produce cremello offspring. crosses between chestnut (brown) horses always result in chestnut offspring. a cross between chestnut and cremello horses produces palomino (a golden-yellow color somewhat intermediate between chestnut and cremello_ offspring. If two palominos are mated, their offspring are produced in the ratio of 1 chestnut: 2 palominos: 1 cremello

A

incomplete dominance

3
Q

the sickle-cell, s, is responsible fora variety of phenotypic effects, from pain and fever to damage to the heart, lungs, joints, brain, or kidneys

A

pleiotropy

4
Q

in rabbits, an allele for ful color (C) is dominant over an allele for chinchilla (c’) color both full color and chinchilla are cdominant over the white allele (c). a rabbit can be CC, Cc’, c’c’, c’c, or cc

A

multiple alleles

5
Q

in addition to the A and B molecules found on the surface of red blood cells, humans also have M and N molecules. The genotype LMLM produces M phenotype. the genotype LNLN gives the N phenotype. INdividauls of genotype LMLN have both kinds of molecules on their red blood cells, and their phenotype is MN.

A

codominance

6
Q

if a red shorthorn cow is mated with a white bull, all their osffspring are roan, a phenotype that has a mixture of red and white hairs

A

co dominance

7
Q

independnet genes at four different loci are responsible for determining an individual’s HLA tissue type, important in organ transplants and certain diseases

A

polygenic inhertiance

8
Q

a recessive allele causes a human genetic disorder called phenylkeonuria. homozygous recessive individuals are unable to break down the amino acid phenylalanine. as a conseqquence, they have high levels of this substance in their blood and urine, reduced skin pigmentation, lighter hair than their normal brothers and sisters, and often some degree of mental impairment

A

pleiotrophy

9
Q

when graphed, the number of individuals of various heights forms a bell-shaped curve

A

polygenic inhertiance

10
Q

chickens homozygous for the black allele are black, and chickens homozygous for the white allele are white. heterozygous chickens are gray

A

incomplete dominance

11
Q

most plants, including peas and corn (earthworms, and land snails too)

A

sexes not seperate; all individauls produce both eggs and sperm

12
Q

humans and fruit flies

A

females are XX, males XY

13
Q

date palms and marijuana

A

females are XX, males XY

14
Q

some butterflies, birds, and fishes

A

females are ZW, males ZZ

15
Q

grasshoppers and roaches

A

females are XX, males XO (one X)

16
Q

ants, bees

A

females are diploid, males haploid

17
Q

wild strawberries

A

females are ZW, males ZZ