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Health > Mental Health > Flashcards

Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

The state of being emotionally separated from others and from one’s own feelings.

A

Alienation

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2
Q

Medications used to treat depression.

A

Antidepressants

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3
Q

A pattern of behavior that is verbally or physically harmful to other people, animals, or property, including behavior that severely violates social expectations for a particular environment.

A

Anti social behavior

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4
Q

A behavior disorder developed by a small percentage of children with conduct disorder whose behavior does not improve as they mature. Also known as psychopathy.
(Except not actually because no psychopaths exist.)

A

ASPD

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5
Q

An unpleasant emotion triggered by anticipation of future events, memories of past events, or ruminations about the self.

A

Anxiety

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6
Q

The area of psychology in which basic theory and research are applied to the actual problems faced by individuals on a daily basis.

A

Applied psychology

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7
Q

Disorder characterized by attentional deficit and/or hyperactivity—impulsivity more severe than expected for a developmental age.

A

ADD

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8
Q

A severe psychological disorder that first appears in early childhood and is characterized by impaired social interaction and language development, and other behavioral problems.

A

Autism

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9
Q

he nervous system responsible for regulating automatic bodily processes, such as breathing and heart rate. The autonomic system also involves the processes of metabolism, or the storage and expenditure of energy.

A

Autonomic nervous system

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10
Q

An individual’s response to avoid an unpleasant or stressful situation; also known as escape learning.

A

Avoidance learning

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11
Q

A goal-oriented, therapeutic approach that treats emotional and behavioral disorders as maladaptive learned responses that can be replaced by healthier ones with appropriate training.

A

Behavior therapy

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12
Q

A technique that allows individuals to monitor their own physiological processes so they can learn to control them.

A

Bio feedback

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13
Q

A technique that allows individuals to monitor their own physiological processes so they can learn to control them.

A

Bipolar disorder

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14
Q

The subjective conception of one’s own body, based largely on evaluative judgments about how one is perceived by others.

A

Body image

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15
Q

In humans, that portion of the nervous system that lies within the brain and spinal cord; it receives impulses from nerve cells throughout the body, regulates bodily functions, and directs behavior.

A

Central nervous system

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16
Q

The process of closely associating a neutral stimulus with one that evokes a reflexive response so that eventually the neutral stimulus alone will evoke the same response.

A

Classical conditioning

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17
Q

A therapeutic approach based on the principle that maladaptive moods and behavior can be changed by replacing distorted or inappropriate ways of thinking with thought patterns that are healthier and more realistic.

A

Cognitive behavior therapy

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18
Q

Unconscious strategies for avoiding or reducing threatening feelings, such as fear and anxiety.

A

Defense mechanisms

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19
Q

The ability to forgo an immediate pleasure or reward in order to gain a more substantial one later.

A

Delay of gratification

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20
Q

Beliefs that are in stark contrast to reality, often having to do with persecution or an exaggerated sense of importance or glory.

A

Delusional disorders

21
Q

An emotional state or mood characterized by one or more of these symptoms: sad mood, low energy, poor concentration, sleep or appetite changes, feelings of worthlessness or hopelessness, and thoughts of suicide.

A

Depression

22
Q

A behavior modification technique used to combat phobias and other irrational fears.

A

Desensitization

23
Q

Medications administered to help people suffering from psychological illnesses.

A

Drug therapy

24
Q

The process by which infants and children begin developing the capacity to experience, express, and interpret emotions.

A

Emotional development

25
Q

The ability to perceive and constructively act on both one’s own emotions and the feelings of others.

A

Emotional intelligence

26
Q

The capacity to vicariously experience and understand the thoughts and feelings of another person by putting oneself in that person’s place.

A

Empathy

27
Q

A term used to characterize people who are typically outgoing, friendly, and open toward others.

A

Extroversion

28
Q

The general, predictable pattern of the process of forgetting learned information.

A

Forgetting curve

29
Q

A person’s mental representation of who he or she is. Components of identity include a sense of personal continuity and of uniqueness from other people.

A

Identity Formation

30
Q

In psychoanalytic theory, the most primitive, unconscious element of human personality. The id is the part of the personality that includes such basic biological impulses or drives as eating, drinking, eliminating wastes, avoiding pain, attaining sexual pleasure, and aggression.

A

ID

31
Q

A psychological disorder characterized by the repeated inability to refrain from performing a particular action that is harmful either to oneself or others.

A

Impulse control disorders

32
Q

A psychological condition that exists when a person’s feelings of inadequacy are so intense that daily living is impaired.

A

Inferiority complex

33
Q

A commonly used term for people who are quiet, reserved, thoughtful, and self-reliant and who tend to prefer solitary work and leisure activities.

A

Introversion

34
Q

A description of the condition opposite depression in manic-depressive psychosis, or bipolar disorder. It is characterized by a mood of elation without apparent reason.

A

Manic

35
Q

picture created by the imagination with no visual stimulus required.

A

Mental imagery

36
Q

Excessive preoccupation with self and lack of empathy for others.

A

Narcissism

37
Q

Mental illness characterized by the recurrence of intrusive, anxiety-producing thoughts (obsessions) accompanied by repeated attempts to suppress these thoughts through the performance of certain irrational, often ritualistic, behaviors (compulsions).

A

Ocd

38
Q

Approach to human learning based on the premise that human intelligence and will operate on the environment rather than merely respond to the environment’s stimuli.

A

Operant conditioning

39
Q

An acute feeling of intense fear, accentuated by increased heart rate, shortness of breath, sweating, and mild convulsions.

A

Panic disorders

40
Q

Its main distinguishing feature is indirect resistance to the demands or expectations of others through stubbornness, forgetfulness, inefficiency, procrastination, and other covert means. Rather than refusing outright to perform a task, the passive-aggressive person will do it badly or procrastinate until the deadline for its completion has passed.

A

Passive aggressive personality

41
Q

In research, a scientifically significant response that cannot be explained by physiological variables and is assumed to be psychological in origin. Placebos are substances with no known pharmacological value that are given to members of a control group in an experiment.

A

Placebo effect

42
Q

A method of treatment for mental, emotional, and behavioral dysfunctions as developed by Sigmund Freud.

A

Psychoanalysis

43
Q

A symptom of mental illness characterized by a radical change in personality and a distorted or diminished sense of objective reality.

A

Psychosis

44
Q

the stage of sleep most closely associated with dreaming.

A

Rapid eye movement

45
Q

A prominent term in humanistic psychology that refers to the basic human need for self-fulfillment.

A

Self-actualization

46
Q

A prominent term in humanistic psychology that refers to the basic human need for self-fulfillment. Psychologists who write about self-esteem generally discuss it in terms of two key components: the feeling of being loved and accepted by others and a sense of competence and mastery in performing tasks and solving problems independently.

A

Self-esteem

47
Q

An initial expectation that is confirmed by the behavior it elicits

A

Self-fulfilling prophecy

48
Q

In psychoanalytic theory, the part of the human personality that represents a person’s inner values and morals; also known as conscience.

A

Superego

49
Q

any act that is intended to cause pain, suffering, or damage to another person.

A

aggression

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