Meteorology Pt. 2

Question 1

They form when ‘‘moist’’ air is lifted. The moist air is then cooled, and the dew point is reached. At this time, the air is not saturated then changes into a visible state

Answer 1

Clouds

Question 2

How can the cooling of air be done?

Answer 2

• Lifting
• Moving over a cooler surface
• Cooling from the underlying surface

Question 3

What does stratus mean?

Answer 3

Layer, sheet like clouds

Question 4

What are the four basic group of families in clouds

Answer 4

• Low
• Middle
• High
• Clouds with vertical development

Question 5

What does Cumulus mean?

Answer 5

Heap, puffy clouds

Question 6

What does Cirrus mean?

Answer 6

Ringlet, wispy clouds

Question 7

What does Nimbus mean?

Answer 7

Violent Rain, rain clouds

Question 8

These are layered clouds that form in stable air near the surface due to cooling from below

Answer 8

Stratus

Question 9

White and puffy that form when stable air is lifted

Answer 9

Stratuscumulus

Question 10

Gray or black that can be more than several thousands of feet thick, and contain a large amount of moisture

Answer 10

Nimbostratus

Question 11

Flat, dense clouds that cover a wide area, uniform gray or gray-white in color

Answer 11

Altostratus

Question 12

Gray or white, patchy clouds of uniform appearance that often form when altostratus starts to break up

Answer 12

Altocumulus

Question 13

Thin, white, often form in long bands or sheets. The moisture content is low, poses, no icing hazard

Answer 13

Cirrostratus

Question 14

White, patchy clouds that look like cotton, form as a result of shallow convective currents at high altitude. It may produce light turbulence

Answer 14

Cirrocumulus

Question 15

Thin and wispy, white or light gray, form in stable air at high altitudes, often in patches or narrow bands in the sky. This can be an advanced warning of approaching bad weather

Answer 15

Cirrus

Question 16

Form in convective currents from the heating of the earth’s surface, they have flat bottoms and domed shape tops

Answer 16

Cumulus

Question 17

Looks like large mounds of cotton, white to gray from top to bottom, indicate a deep area of unstable air

Answer 17

Towering cumulus

Question 18

Commonly called thunderstorms, large, form in very unstable air, gray white to black in color, contain large amounts of moisture

Answer 18

Cumulonimbus

Question 19

This is technically a low cloud which has its base within so feet of the ground

Answer 19

Fog

Question 20

What is the term if the fog is less than 20 feet deep?

Answer 20

Ground fog

Question 21

This forms over low-lying, flat surface on clear, calm, humid nights

Answer 21

Radiation fog

Question 22

This is a low layer of warm, moist air that moves calm, humid nights

Answer 22

Advection fog

Question 23

This occurs as cold, dry air moves over comparatively warmer water

Answer 23

Steam fog

Question 24

This can be defined as any form of particles, whether liquid or solid, that fall from the atmosphere

Answer 24

Precipitation

Question 25

This is distinguished by very small droplets and is less than 0.02 inches in diameter

Answer 25

Drizzle

Question 26

This is when the droplets are greater in size by 0.02 inches or greater

Answer 26

Rain

Question 27

As rain falls, it may freeze as it passes through colder air under the clouds, it then strikes the ground as?

Answer 27

Ice pellets

Question 28

Water droplets that freeze in the clouds with strong upward currents may grass in size and may fall as?

Answer 28

Hail

Question 29

This is precipitation composed of ice crystals

Answer 29

Snow

Question 30

This is a large body of air with fairly uniform temperature and moisture content

Answer 30

Air masses

Question 31

The area where an air mass acquires the properties of temperature and moisture that determine its stability

Answer 31

Source Region

Question 32

What is an ideal source region?

Answer 32

A large area with fairly uniform geography and temperature

Question 33

What are the best areas for air mass development?

Answer 33

Semi-permanent areas of high pressure

Question 34

What are the temperature characteristics

Answer 34

Polar and tropical

Question 35

What are the moisture content?

Answer 35

Continental and maritime

Question 36

This air mass originates over water and contains warm, moist and unstable air. This results in the formation of cumuliform clouds with sharers, turbulence, and good surface visibility

Answer 36

Maritime tropical

Question 37

This air mass originates near polar areas and contents cold, dry and stable air. This exhibits widespread stratiform clouds, restricted visibility, smooth air , steady rain or drizzle

Answer 37

Continental polar

Question 38

What happens when an air mass moves over a warm surface?

Answer 38

-the lower surface are heated -vertical development takes place -depending on temperature and moisture,this can result in extreme instability

Question 39

What happens when an air mass flows over cooler surfaces?

Answer 39

-the lower layers are cooled - vertical development is inhibited - the stability of the air is then increased - if the air is cooled to its dew point, it can develop la clouds or fog

Question 40

This is the boundary between two air masses

Answer 40

Fronts

Question 41

This is where cold air is moving to displace warmer air

Answer 41

Cold front

Question 42

When warm air is replacing cold air

Answer 42

Warm front

Question 43

When a cold front overtakes a warm fronts

Answer 43

Occluded front

Question 44

When two air masses merge and don't advance

Answer 44

Stationary front

Question 45

Pushed along by intense high-pressure systems. Surface friction slows the movement of the front, causing the leading edge of the front to bulge out and steepen the front's slope

Answer 45

Fast-moving cold front

Question 46

The leading edge is much shallower compared to a fast-moving front. Produces clouds which extend for beyond the surface front

Answer 46

Slow-moving cold front

Question 47

When fast moving cold front is colder than the air ahead of the slow - moving front. The cold air replaces the cool air at the surface which forces the warm front aloft (above)

Answer 47

Cold front occlusion

Question 48

Occurs when the air ahead of the slow-moving warm front is colder than the air within the fast - moving cold front. The cold front rides up over the warm front

Answer 48

Warm front occlusion

Question 49

They contain strong wind gusts, icing, hail, driving rain, lightning and sometimes tornadoes

Answer 49

Thunderstorms

Question 50

Violent with wind gusts of 50 or more, hail 3/4 inches in diameter or larger tornado and/or tornadoes

Answer 50

Severe thunderstorm

Question 51

Usually lasts less than an hour

Answer 51

Single - cell thunderstorm

Question 52

Severe thunderstorm, may last two hours

Answer 52

Super-cell thunderstorm

Question 53

A compact cluster of thunderstorms, composed of at mass thunderstorms in different stages of development

Answer 53

Multicell thunderstorm

Question 54

Scattered thunderstorms which are common during summer afternoons, or in coastal areas at night

Answer 54

Air mass thunderstorm

Question 55

This often forms 50 - 300 miles ahead of a fast- moving cold front, the most extreme weather conditions, such as destructive winds, heavy hail, and tornadoes

Answer 55

Squall line

Question 56

Storms which are associated with frontal activity

Answer 56

Frontal thunderstorm

Question 57

This refers to a lifting action initiates the vertical movement of air. As the air rises and cools to its dew point, water vapor condenses into small water droplets or ice crystals. If sufficient moisture is present, heat released by the condensing vapor provides energy for continued vertical growth of the cloud

Answer 57

Cumulus Stage

Question 58

The circulation of the thunderstorm cell is organized in this stage. This is the storm's most violent stage

Answer 58

Mature Stage

Question 59

The final stage in the cycle wherein updrafts are replaced by downdrafts. The entire thunderstorm starts to weaken

Answer 59

Dissipating Stage

Question 60

This develops when air currents change direction or velocity rapidly over a short distance. The magnitude of the turbulence depends on the difference between the two air currents

Answer 60

Thunderstorm Turbulence

Question 61

This is always associated with thunderstorms and can occur in several forms including in-cloud, cloud-to;-cloud, cloud-to-ground and occasionally, between cloud and clear air

Answer 61

Lightning

Question 62

How large can hail be?

Answer 62

3/4 inches in diameter

Question 63

These are funnel clouds that reaches the earth's surface, whether land or sea. Tornadoes exhibit wind speeds exceeding 200 knots.

Answer 63

Tornadoes

Question 64

A sudden, often violent shift in airflow

Answer 64

Turbulence

Question 65

State the categories of turbulence

Answer 65

- Low-level turbulence - Mechanical turbulence - Frontal turbulence - Wake turbulence - Clear air turbulence

Question 66

This is when obstacles such as buildings or rough terrain interfere with normal wind flow

Answer 66

Mechanical Turbulence

Question 67

This occurs in the narrow zone just ahead of a fast-moving cold front where updrafts can reach 1,000 feet/min

Answer 67

Frontal Turbulence

Question 68

When combined with convection and strong winds across the front, these updrafts can produce significant turbulence

Answer 68

Frontal Turbulence

Question 69

When an airplane generates lift, air spills over the wingtips from the high-pressure areas below the wings to the low-pressure areas above them

Answer 69

Wake Turbulence

Question 70

This can form when a layer of air slides over the top of another slow-moving air. This is common thought of as high-altitude phenomenon

Answer 70

Clear Air Turbulence

Question 71

This is a sudden, drastic shift in wind speed and/or direction that may occur at any altitude in a vertical or horizontal plane

Answer 71

Wind Shear

Question 72

It can subject your aircraft to sudden updrafts, downdrafts, or extreme horizontal wind components, causing a loss of lift or violent changes in vertical speeds or altitude

Answer 72

Wind Shear

Question 73

This is one of the most dangerous sources of wind shear

Answer 73

Microburst