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Micro Drill sheet part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

5 bugs that causes heart block
LSD loves company

A

􏰀 Lyme Disease
􏰀 Salmonella
􏰀 Diphtheria
􏰀 Legionella
􏰀 Chagas

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2
Q

mcc Reiter’s Syndrome

A

Shigella
Chlamydia
IBD
Crohn’s
Yersinia

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3
Q

Low complement bugs: I AM HE

A

Influenza
Adenovirus
􏰀 Mycoplasma
􏰀 Hepatitis B & C
􏰀 EBV

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4
Q

Drug that induce SLE

A

Hydralazine
􏰀 INH
􏰀 Procainamide
􏰀 Penicillamine
􏰀 Phenytoin
􏰀 Ethosuximide

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5
Q

Blast Bone marrow

A

AZT
Benzene
Chloramphenicol
Vinblastine

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6
Q

Comma Shaped Bugs

A

Vibrio
Campylobacter
Listeria
H. pylori

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7
Q

Chinese Letters

A

Corynebacterium

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8
Q

􏰀 Giardia Lamblia described as

A

Crescent Shaped Protozoa

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9
Q

RIPES TB treatment

A

Rifampin
INH
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
Streptomycin

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10
Q

6 Low Complement Associated Nephrotic Syndromes

A

SLE
SBE: subacute Bact. Endocarditis
PSGN
MPGN II
Cryoglobulinemia
Serum Sickness

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11
Q

Induce P450
(ABC G PQRST)

A

Alcohol chronic
Barbiturates
Carbamazepine
Griseofulvin
Phenytoin
Quinidine
Rifampin
Spironolactone
Tetracycline

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12
Q

inhibit P450
(PICK EGS) ID SMACK Quine

A

Protease Inhibitors
INH , Dapsone
Cimetidine
Ketoconazole
Erythromycin (Macrolides)
Grapefruit juice
Sulfonamides
alcohol (acute)

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13
Q

P450 Dependent
(WEPTeD)

A

Warfarin
Estrogen
Phenytoin
Theophylline
Digoxin

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14
Q

SE of Statins

A

Myositis
Hepatitis

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15
Q

MOA of Statins

A

Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase

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16
Q

Painful Genital Lesions

A

Herpes
Chancroid (H.ducreyi)

Lymphogranuloma venereum
Painless lesion with pain lymph node after 2 weeks
Granuloma inguinale (klebsiella)

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17
Q

Hormones with Disulfide Bonds

A

Prolactin
Inhibin
GH
Insulin

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18
Q

Hookworms
(EAT SANd)

A

Enterobius Vermicularis
Ascaris Lumbriocoides
Trichuris Trichurium
Strongyloides
Ankylostoma Duodenale
Necatur Americanis

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19
Q

X-linked Enzyme Deficiencies
(Fabry and Lesch go Hunting for Candy, Gum, and Advil)

A

Fabry’s
Lesch-Nyhan
Hunter’s
CGD
G6PD
Adrenoleukodystrophy
Adenosine deaminase
OTC

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20
Q

Screen Newborns
(Please Check Before Going Home, TI)

A

PKU
CAH
Biotidinase
Galactosemia
Hypothyroidism
Transglutaminase
Immune reactive trypsin

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21
Q

Action of Steroids
(I KIISS)

A

Kill T-cells and eosinophil
Inhibit MØ migration
Inhibit Phospholipase A
Inhibit mast cell degranulation
Stabilize endothelium
Stimulate protein synthesis

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22
Q

Causes of Severe Monocytosis (STELS)

A

Salmonella
TB
EBV
Listeria
Syphilis

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23
Q

Macrolides

A

Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin

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24
Q

1 dose TX for Chlamydia

A

Doxycycline
Azithromycin for pregnancy

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24
Anaerobes bacterial (big mama)
Strep. Bovis Bacteroides fragilis C. melanogospeticus C. difficile *If blood cultures show S. bovis or C. melanogo- septicus = rule out colon cancer.
25
anaerobes treatment
Metronidazole Clindamycin Cefoxitin
26
low volume state
low electrolytes pH ^ BP^
27
1 dose TX for Gonorrhea
Ceftriaxone Cefixime Cefoxitin Ciprofloxacin
27
Psammoma Bodies (PSaMMoma)
Papillary CA of Thyroid Serous Cystadenoma of ovary Meningioma Mesothelioma
28
drugs that Cause Cardiac Fibrosis
Adriamycin Phen-Fen Doxyrubicin
29
Urease +ive Bacteria (PPUNCHES)
Proteus Pseudomonas Ureaplasma urealyticum Nocardia Cryptococcus neoformans H. pylori S. saprophyticus
30
Drugs that Cause Pulmonary Fibrosis (BBATM)
Bleomycin Busulfan Amiodarone Tocainide Methotrexate
31
Male Cancers Most prevalent
1. Prostate 2. Lung 3. Colon
32
Male Most mortality (cancer)
1. Lung 2. Prostate 3. Colon
33
Female Cancers Most prevalent
1. Breast 2. Lung 3. Colon
34
Salmonella Typhi sign and symptoms
High fever Rose spots Intestinal fire Monocytosis Heart block
35
Drugs cause Myositis (RIPS)
Rifampin INH Prednisone Statins
35
Encapsulated Bacteria (SHiNKS PC)
􏰀 S. pneumonia (g+) 􏰀 H. influenza B 􏰀 Neisseria 􏰀 Klebsiella 􏰀 Salmonella 􏰀 Pseudomonas 􏰀 Citrobacter
35
What is the Encapsulated Yeast
􏰀 Cryptococcus
36
Jones Criteria for Acute rheumatic fever
(J❤️‍🔥NES) Polyarthritis (joints) Carditis ❤️‍🔥 Nodules (sub-q) Erythema marginatum Sydenham Chorea
37
IgA Nephropathies
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) Berger's Alport's
37
Causes of Massive Eosinophilia (NAACP)
Neoplasms Allergies/Asthma Addison's Collagen Vascular Disease Parasites
38
What are the 9 Live Vaccines BOYS MVP
􏰀 MMR 􏰀 Oral Polio 􏰀 Rotavirus 􏰀 Small Pox 􏰀 BCG 􏰀 Yellow Fever 􏰀 Varicella
39
Risk Factors for Primary Liver Cancer
􏰀 Hep B and C 􏰀 Aflatoxin 􏰀 Vinyl Chloride 􏰀 Alcohol 􏰀 Carbon Tetrachloride 􏰀 Aniline dyes 􏰀 Smoking 􏰀 Hemochromatosis Benzene 􏰀 Schistosomiasis
40
drug related Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (act as happen for RBC) SAACPP
􏰀 PTU 􏰀 Cephalosporin 􏰀 a-methyldopa 􏰀 Sulfa drugs 􏰀 Anti-malarial 􏰀 Penicillin
40
Autoimmune& cinchonism Thrombocytopenia
􏰀 Aspirin 􏰀 Heparin 􏰀 Quinidine
40
Pansystolic Murmurs
􏰀 Mitral Regurg. 􏰀 Tricuspid Regurg. 􏰀 Ventricular Septal Defec
41
Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors
􏰀 Pyremethamine 􏰀 TMP 􏰀 Methotrexate
42
Sulfa Containing Drugs
􏰀 Sulfonamides 􏰀 Sulfonylureas 􏰀 Celecoxib
43
Silver Staining Bugs
􏰀 Legionella 􏰀 Pneumocystis 􏰀 H. pylori 􏰀 Bartonella henselae 􏰀 Candida
44
Blood Gas w Restrictive Lung Disease
􏰀 Tachypnea low pCO2 low pO2 ^ pH
45
Blood Gas w Obstructive Lung Disease
^ or Normal pO2 ^pCO2 low pH
46
MI - Enzymes timeline
Troponin I - appears 2 hrs - peaks 2 days- gone 7 days CKMB - appears 6 hrs - peaks 12 hrs - gone 2 days LDH - appears 1 day-peaks 2 days-gone 3 days
47
MC Neutrophil Deficiency
Chediak-Higashi NADPH-oxidase def
48
1Dose TX H. ducreyi
Azithromycin (30s) Ceftriaxone (beta lactam)
49
1 Dose TX Gardnerella
Metronidazole
50
SE of Thiazides and Loop diuretics
Hyperglycemia Hyperuricemia Hypovolemia Hypokalemia
51
Monocytes in Various Tissues
Brain= Microglia Lung = Type I Pneumo Liver =. Kupffer Spleen =RES cells Kidney =Mesangial LN =. Dendritic Skin. = Langerhans Bone =. Osteoclasts CT. = Histiocytes Giant cells Epithelioid
52
Rashes of Palm & Soles (TRiCKSSS)
TSS (Toxic Shock) Rocky Mt. Spotted Fever Coxsackie A Kawasaki Scarlet Fever Syphilis Staph. Scalded Skin
53
4 Sources of Renal Acid
Plasma (RTA) Ammonia production in the collecting duct 10% of Urea Cycle Glutaminase Carbonic Anhydrase
54
Hormones Produced by Small Cell CA of Lung
ACTH (MC) ADH PTH TSH ANP
55
1 Dose TX Candidiasis
Ketoconazole
56
1 Dose TX Vaginal Candidiasis
Diflucan
57
1 Dose TX Trichomonas
Metronidazole
58
TRAP Test +
Hairy cell leukemia Fragile X Paget's disease
59
Immunoprivileged Tissue
􏰀 Thymus 􏰀 Testes 􏰀 Brain 􏰀 Cancer
60
TX S. aureus
􏰀 Nafcillin 􏰀 Oxacillin 􏰀 Cloxillin 􏰀 Dicloxacillin
61
Causes of Death by Age
2-3: MVA 5-10: Pedestrian inj, sports injuries 10-19: MVA, homicides, suicide 20-44: AIDs 44-70: Heart dz, cancer, stroke >71: Cancer, heart dz, stroke
62
Rhabdomyolysis Causes
Hypothyroidism RIPS (drugs) Cushing's Trichinella spiralis
63
Viruses Related to Cancer
EBV Lymphoma HVB Liver carcinoma HVC Liver carcinoma HIV Kaposi HPV Cervical cancer
64
NM Disease Concept
Restrictive Blood Gas low pO2, low pCO2 ^pH ^RR ^ Risk for Seizures low Pulmonary Capillary wedge pressure
65
PIE Syndrome
(Pulmonary Infiltrate w Eosinophilia) NASSA 􏰀 Necator Americanus 􏰀 Ascaris Lumbricoides 􏰀 Schistosomiasis 􏰀 Strongyloides 􏰀 Ankylostoma
66
Enzymes used by B12
􏰀 Methyl Malonyl CoA mutase 􏰀 Homocysteine methyl transferase
67
Increased Susceptibility to Pseudomonas and S.aureus (ABCD)
􏰀 Absolute Neutropenia 􏰀 Burn patients 􏰀 Cystic Fibrosis 􏰀 Diabetes
68
Crohn's Disease findings
("GIFTS") 􏰀 Granuloma 􏰀 Ileum 􏰀 Fistula 􏰀 Transmural 􏰀 Skip Lesions
69
Causes of Widened S2
􏰀 ^ pO2/Supplemental O2 􏰀 ^ volume Rt. Ventricle 􏰀 Blood transfusion 􏰀 Rt. sided heart failure 􏰀 Pregnancy 􏰀 I.V. Fluids 􏰀 ASD (fixed) 􏰀 Deep breathing
70
Cavities of Blood Loss
􏰀 Intracranial 􏰀 Pericardium 􏰀 Mediastinum 􏰀 Pleural cavity 􏰀 Retroperitoneum 􏰀 Abdominal 􏰀 Pelvis 􏰀 Thighs
71
How do you know it is Negative Stranded RNA virus Timing
􏰀 1-3 weeks prodromal period before Si/Sx 􏰀 Must switch to positive stranded before it can replicate
72
Positive Stranded RNA (incubation to sick)
􏰀 Symptoms occur within 1 week or less 􏰀 Don't have to switch before replicating 􏰀 Exceptions: Hanta, Ebola, and Yellow Fever which are negative-stranded
72
Cyanotic Heart Diseases (5T HEAP)
Transposition of great arteries Tetralogy of Fallot Truncus Arteriosus Tricuspid Atresia Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous return Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome 􏰀 Ebstein's Anomaly 􏰀 Aortic Atresia 􏰀 Pulmonic Atresia
73
Less Likely to Depolarize
􏰀 Hypermagnesemia 􏰀 Hypercalcemia 􏰀 Hypokalemia
74
Most Likely to Depolarize
􏰀 Hypomagnesemia 􏰀 Hypocalcemia 􏰀 Hyperkalemia
75
Hormones produced by the Placenta
hCG Inhibin HPL Progesterone Estrogen
76
Uses for Pilocarpine
Cystic Fibrosis Closed-angle glaucoma
77
Cause Dysguzia
Metronidazole Clarithromycin Zinc deficiency
78
Carcinoid Triad
􏰀 Flushing 􏰀 Wheezing 􏰀 Diarrhea **Dx: measure 5-HIAA in the urine** **Most common primary location = appendix** **Most common metastatic location = pancreas, ileum**
79
AVMs machinery murmur
Heart: PDA Elbow: dialysis fistula Brain: Von Hippel-Lindau Lungs: Osler-Weber-Rendu
80
Haemophilus Influenza
Pleomorphic 􏰀 "School of Fish" 􏰀 Type A: non-encapsulated, non-invasive, MCC of sinusitis, otitis, bronchitis 􏰀 Type B: encapsulated, invasive, IgA protease, MCC of epiglottitis
81
Rust Colored Sputum
􏰀 Strep. pneumo
82
S. epidermidis
Most common infection of shunts and central lines
83
Catalase positive Staph (by pigment)
Aureus Gold Epidermidis White Saprophyticus. None
84
Strep. pyogenes
MCC: all throat infections, lymphangitis, impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis, erysipelas, scarlet fever 􏰀 2nd MCC: all other skin infections
85
Neutrophil Deficiencies
􏰀 Job-Buckley Syn. 􏰀 NADPH Oxidase defic. 􏰀 Neutropenia 􏰀 Myeloperoxidase defic.
86
Compartment Syndrome Sign
􏰀 Pain (always first) 􏰀 Pallor 􏰀 Poikilothermia 􏰀 Paresthesia 􏰀 Pulselessness (always last)
87
Itchiest Rashes
􏰀 Scabies 􏰀 Lichen planus 􏰀 Urticaria 􏰀 Dermatitis herpetiformis
88
Oddities about Listeria
􏰀 Only gram Positive w/ endotoxin 􏰀 Crosses placenta 􏰀 Lipid A is toxic Part 􏰀 Causes granulomas 􏰀 Causes sepsis in neonates 􏰀 Raw cabbage, spoiled milk
89
Oddities about Listeria
􏰀 Only gram Positive w/ endotoxin 􏰀 Crosses placenta 􏰀 Lipid A is toxic Part 􏰀 Causes granulomas 􏰀 Causes sepsis in neonates 􏰀 Raw cabbage, spoiled milk
90
Abnormal Class Switching
􏰀 Defective class switch. 􏰀 IL-4 deficiency 􏰀 CD40L deficiency 􏰀 Tyrosine kinase def.
91
Abnormal Class Switching
􏰀 Defective class switch. 􏰀 IL-4 deficiency 􏰀 CD40L deficiency 􏰀 Tyrosine kinase def.
92
B Vitamins deficiency
B1 - Thiamine 􏰀 Beriberi 􏰀 Wernicke's 􏰀 Korsakoff B2 - Riboflavin Angular stomatitis B3 - Niacin 􏰀 Pellagra 􏰀 4 d's B4 - Lipoic acid B5 - Pantothenic acid B6 - Pyridoxine 􏰀 Seizures B9 - Folate Bl2 - Cobalamine 􏰀 Pernicious anemia 􏰀 Neuropathy
93
Antiseizure medications MOA
block Sodium or calcium
94
Generalize seizures in adults
phenytoin
95
Gen. seizures in children
Phenobarbital
96
Absences seizure
Ethosuximide
97
Mixed or myotonic seizures
valproic acid
98
temporal lobe seizures
Carbamazepine
99
Febrile seizure
Acetaminophen
100
Infantile spasm
ACTH injections
101
Status Epilepticus
Diazepam Lorazepam
102
Anti-arrhymics blocks ______ Ventricular Arial
Sodium Calcium
103
Only two membranes the use Ca++ in phase 0 depolarization
Atrial and Thalamus

Step 1 Clues (27 decks)

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