Microbiology

Question 1

Candida

Answer 1

Oval, gram + structure in mouth

Question 2

Diptheria

Answer 2

Leffler staining / Neisser medium / Blood tellurite agar
Becomes toxic due to phage conversion (produces enterotoxins)
Greyish membrane / gram + bacilli
Precipitaion line/ gel reaction test
Vaccine = antidiptheric antitoxic serum

Question 3

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 3

Clusters of cocci = coccus

Yellow/gold colonies = aureus

Question 4

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 4

Produces yellow/green pigment

Question 5

Cholera

Answer 5

Comma shaped (curved)
Gram -ve
Rice water stool

Question 6

Previous Hep B infection

Answer 6

Anti HBs/HBc/HBb antibodies

Question 7

Hepatitis

Answer 7

ELISA test used to confirm diagnosis

Question 8

Dysentry

Answer 8

Causes haemagglutination

Diagnosed using bacteriological test

Question 9

HIV

Answer 9

gp 120 binds to CD4 receptor on target cells

ELISA used to confirm diagnosis

Question 10

Variola/smallpox

Answer 10

Paschen bodies

Question 11

Romanovsky Giemsa Method

Answer 11

Leptospirosis = S/C shaped
Syphillis = Spiral coils
Toxoplasmosis (parasite)

Question 12

Calculating coli index and titer of water

Answer 12

Index = no of red colonies x 2 
Titer = vol of H2O divided by no of colonies

Question 13

Botulism

Answer 13

Diagnosed using bacteriological test
Detected using precipitation neutralization test
Comes from homemade fish, meat or mushrooms

Question 14

If bitten by unknown animal

Answer 14

Always provide anti rabies vaccine

Question 15

Macrophage defect

Answer 15

Dysfunction of antigen presentation to immune competent cells

Question 16

Salmonella

Answer 16

Achromic colony on endo agar

Question 17

Mantoux test

Answer 17

Injects tuberculin to test for TB
Neg result = prescribe BCG vaccination (no immunity against TB)
Pos result = papule formation (Type IV hypersensitivity reaction)

Question 18

Neisseria gonnorhea

Answer 18

Gram negative
Coffee bean shaped (or bin shaped)
Confirm diagnosis using microscope

Question 19

Favus fungus

Answer 19

Causes air bubbles and fate drops in hair

Question 20

Ziel - Neelsen stain

Answer 20

Micro bacterium TB
Red = acid resistant
Blue = alkaline resistant

Question 21

Streptococcus

Answer 21

Long chains
Elongated
Can cause kidney damage and tonsillitis

Question 22

Agglutination reaction

Answer 22

Adhesion of microorganisms

Question 23

E. coli

Answer 23

Red colonies in endo agar

Causes coli enteritis

Question 24

H. pylori

Answer 24

Microeaerophillic ability

Question 25

Diagnostic titer

Answer 25

1:() 100 = has the disease

Question 26

Widals Test

Answer 26

Typhoid fever

Question 27

T lymphocytes

Answer 27

Cells that form rosettes with erythrocytes

Question 28

Wound infection with gangrene

Answer 28

Use bacteriological test to confirm

Question 29

Immunofluroessence

Answer 29

Used for "quick"/"immediate" testing

Question 30

Reiters fixation test

Answer 30

Tests for toxoplasmosis and gonorrhea

Question 31

Streptococci angina

Answer 31

Antibodies for O sterptolysin present in case of infection

Question 32

Hemadsorption reaction

Answer 32

Detects viruses containin hemagglutinations

Question 33

Enteric fever

Answer 33

Use blood culture to confirm diagnosis

Question 34

Clostridia

Answer 34

Violet blue gram stains

Question 35

Helicobacteria pylori

Answer 35

Gram negative Spiral shaped Positive urease test

Question 36

"Hanging drop"

Answer 36

Phase contrast microscopy

Question 37

What vaccine method provides the longest immunity

Answer 37

Oral vaccination with live vaccine

Question 38

Rabies

Answer 38

Negri bodies present

Question 39

Bordet Gengou test

Answer 39

Bordetella pertusis

Question 40

CFT (Reiters Test)

Answer 40

Gonnorrhea and syphillis

Question 41

Immunfluroessence test

Answer 41

For influenza

Question 42

Phagetyping

Answer 42

To know source of infection

Question 43

1:20/40/80

Answer 43

1: 20: To repeat test after 10 days 1: 40: Confirms diagnosis 1: 80: Carrier of disease

Question 44

Cytomegalovirus

Answer 44

Owls eye

Question 45

Coxsackie A

Answer 45

Mouse sucklings die

Question 46

Streptococcus mutans

Answer 46

Enamel demineralization