Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development Deck (30)
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1
Q

Middle childhood is typically defined as the ages from ___ to ____

A

6 to 12 years old

2
Q

Characteristics of physical growth,BOY:

A

slightly heavier and taller, at age 9 to 10

more muscles

3
Q

Characteristics of physical growth , GIRL:

A

surpass boys height until about 14 or 13

develop more fat

4
Q

By the ages of __ to ___, children are showing the balance and coordination, and strength that allows them to engage in gymnastics and team sports

A

8 to 10 years old

5
Q

During these years, muscles grow stronger and _______ ________ that connect the cerebellum to the cortex becomes more myelinated

A

neural pathways

6
Q

The amount of time required to a stimulus

A

Reaction time

7
Q

A disorder characterized by excessive inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity. Typically occurs at age seven. Impair’s children’s ability to function in school, and difficulty getting along well with others. more common in boys

A

ADHD

8
Q

Excessive restlessness and overactivity

A

hyperactivity

9
Q

Drugs that increase the activity of the nervous system

A

Stimulant

10
Q

________ are the most widespread treatment for ADHD, promoting the activity of the brain chemicals dopamine and noradrenaline , which stimulates the executive center of the brain to control more primitive areas of the brain

A

Ritalin

11
Q

Placing disabled children in classrooms with nondisabled children

A

mainstreaming

12
Q

The third stage in Piaget’s scheme, characterized by flexible, reversible thought concerning tangible objects and events

A

Concrete operational

13
Q

Simulataneous focusing on more than one aspect or dimension of a problem or situation

A

decentration

14
Q

The principle that if A>B and B>C, then A>C

A

transitivity

15
Q

Concrete operational children show understanding of the ______ ___ _________.

A

laws of conservation

16
Q

Placing objects in an order or series according to a property or trait

A

Seriation

17
Q

Piaget concluded that children’s moral judgements develpp in two overlapping stages: _____ ______ and ____ _____

A

moral realism and autonomous morals

18
Q

the judgement of acts as moral when they conform to authority or to the rules of the game

A

moral realism

19
Q

the perception of morality as objective, that is as existing outside the cognitive functioning of people

A

objective morality

20
Q

The view that retribution for wrongdoing is a direct consequence of the wrong doing

A

Immanent justice

21
Q

the second stage in Piaget’s cognitive development theory of moral development, in which children base moral judgments on the intentions of the wrongdoer and on the amount of damage done

A

Autonomous morality

22
Q

According to Kohlberg, a period during which moral judgments are based largely on expectations of rewards or punishments

A

Preconventional level

23
Q

A period during which moral judgement is largely reflected by social rules and conventions

A

COnventional level

24
Q

A period during which moral judgments are derived from moral principles and people look to themselves to set moral stnadards

A

Postconventional level

25
Q

True or False Middle childhood, has the ability to focus one’s attention and screen out distractions

A

True

26
Q

Defined by Wechsler as the “ capacity to understand the world and the resourcefulness to cope with its challenges

A

Intelligence

27
Q

That which is attained by one’s efforts and presumed to be made possible by one’s abilities

A

achievement

28
Q

_________, suggested that behaviors we consider have a common underlying “Lil G” factor or general intelligence, which represents broad reasoning and problem solving abilities and that specific capacities or s factors account for certain individual abilities like music or poetry.

A

Charles Spearman

29
Q

_________, constructed a three-part or “triarchic” theory of intelligence. The parts are analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence (street smart)

A

Robert Sternberg

30
Q

A ratio obtained by dividing a child’s mental age ona n intelligent test bu is or her chronoligical age, a score on intelligence

A

Intelligence quotient