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Med Surge and Maternity > midterm med surge > Flashcards

midterm med surge Flashcards

1
Q

Maslow stages

A 
self actualization 
esteem
love/belonging 
safety
physiological
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2
Q

IV fluids

A

isotonic
hypertonic
hypotonic

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3
Q

Evidence based practice

A 
Evaluation of quality
Applicability of existing research
Patient preferences
Costs
Clinical expertise
Clinical setting
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4
Q

levels of research

A

One
Two
Three
Four

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5
Q

cultural sensitivity

A

knowledge, awareness, and acceptance of other cultures

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6
Q

which IV fluid has the same osmolarity as blood

A

9% percent saline

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7
Q

a pt has new crackles. What does this indicate?

A

indicates fluid volume overload

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8
Q

potassium levels

A

3.5 to 5 mEq/L

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9
Q

sodium

A

135 to 145 mEq/L

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10
Q

calcium

A

8.4 to 10.2

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11
Q

magnesium

A

1.6 to 2.6 mEq/L

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12
Q

s/s of hypocalcemia are after a thyroidectomy

A

tachycardia, fever, or sudden change in mental status

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13
Q

why is calcium gluconate used?

A

for magnesium sulfate toxicity

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14
Q

chevostic sign

A

indicative of hypocalcemia

the face twitches when tapped

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15
Q

truseau sign

A

spasms of the hand and wrist

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16
Q

if the IV pump is beeping and it says blockage

A

kinks

roller clamps, obstructuction and oclusion

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17
Q

parenteral nutrition

A

intravenous administration of nutrition

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18
Q

hypodermoclysis, who is it used for?

A

infusing fluid into sub-Q into dehydrated pt.’s

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19
Q

what is the difference between a macro drip and a micro drip

A

the tubing

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20
Q

what are the interventions for a evisceration

A

notify the provider

cover it

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21
Q

pt has abdominal surgery and is screaming for help

A

put them back in bed
call for help
call doctor, normal saline

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22
Q

SA node rate

A

60 to 100

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23
Q

AV node rate

A

40 to 60 beats per minute

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24
Q

ventricular rate

A

20 to 40

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25
Q

complications of hypertension are..?

A 
Atherosclerosis
Coronary artery disease
Myocardial infarction 
Heart failure
Stroke
Kidney/eye damage
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26
Q

Interventions for aortic regurgitation

A

Digitalis
Diuretics
Vasodilators
Valve replacement

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27
Q

what is the antidote for heparin?

A

protamine sulfate

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28
Q

how do you care for a patient with peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

A

elevate their legs

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29
Q

side effects of statins

A

weakness, tiredness, and muscle pain

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30
Q

why are loose teeth the greatest risk for a nurse?

A

pt can aspirate them blocking the airway which results in the pt choking

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31
Q

high pitch tinkling is associated with what?

A

bowel obstruction

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32
Q

how do you check placement of NG tube prior to use. Check by

A

aspirate contents and checking the Ph.

must be acidic

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33
Q

What is gavage?

A

irrigation in a NG tube

temporary intervention

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34
Q

non vented NG tube.

What suction should it be on?

A

low-intermittent suction

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35
Q

What is the cause of C-diff?

A

antibiotics

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36
Q

a pt would benefit from parenteral nutrition if the pt has?

A

Esophageal cancer
NPO because of esophageal varices or
Severe burns on the face and chest

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37
Q

Which anemia is vitamin b12 required?

A

pernicious anemia

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38
Q

patients that need vitamin b12 are ?

A

pt’s undergoing/undergone gastrectomy

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39
Q

GERD leads to changes to the epithelial cells of the esophagus which leads to barrettes which is?

A

pre-cancerous

40
Q

What is the major cause of peptic ulcers?

A

H.pylori

41
Q

what foods must be eliminated from the diet of a patient that has celiac disease?

A

wheat

42
Q

If someone has a diverticulosis diagnosis. What do not cause infection?

A

nuts, seeds, and hulls

43
Q

the main goal for a acetaminophen overdose is to maintain what?

A

functional ability of the liver

44
Q

What does a decreased amount of bile in the T-Tube indicate?

A

a sign of impending rejection of a newly transplanted liver

45
Q

level 1 evidence

A

Strongest evidence
Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials
True experimental studies: Factors that could falsely change results controlled as possible

46
Q

level 2 evidence based practice

A

At least one well-designed randomized controlled trial

47
Q

level 3 evidence based practice

A

Evidence obtained from quasi-experimental research studies
Factors that could falsely change the results are not controlled
Less predictive of effectiveness

48
Q

level 4 evidenced based practice

A

Evidence obtained from quasi-experimental research studies
Factors that could falsely change the results are not controlled
Less predictive of effectiveness

49
Q

level 1 resources

A

Joanna Briggs Institute’s Evidence-Based Resources and Cochrane Reviews

50
Q 
Which I V fluid is hypertonic?
5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride
Normal saline
0.33% sodium chloride
Lactated Ringer’s solution
A

Correct Answer: 1

51
Q

there is precipitate in piggy back IV line. What do you do? What is happening?

A

the meds may not be compatible

stop it and alert someone

52
Q

who is at the highest risk for death related to cardiovascular disease?

A

the elderly

53
Q

thrombophlebitis therapeutic measures

A

Warfarin (coumadin)
Monitor appropriate lab values
Bedrest (elevate extremity above heart level)

54
Q

What are the therapeutic measures for a DVT?

A

compression socks
blood thinners
ambulation every two hours

55
Q

what are the 6 P’s of PVD

A 
pain
paresthesia( decreased sensation)
pallor
pulselessness
paralysis
poikilothermia (assumes temperature of the environment)
56
Q

what are the s/s peripheral vascular disease?

A

numbness, tingling, or weakness

57
Q

what are some complications of a DVT?

A

Chronic venous insufficiency
Varicose veins
Recurrent D V T

58
Q

data collection for thrombophlebitis

A

contrast venography
MRI
CT scan

59
Q

pericarditis s/s

A

chest pain, cough, edema, low-grade fever, and pericardial friction rub

60
Q

pericarditis therapeutic measures

A

treat underlying causes

Anti-inflammatory medication, corticosteroids, pericardiocentesis, and percardiectomy

61
Q

What are the complications of aortic stenosis?

A

Heart failure
Arrhythmias
Emboli

62
Q

who is at risk for DVT?

A

hospitalized patients who are immobile after surgery

63
Q

what is dilated cardiomyopathy ?

A

Size of the heart chambers increase
The wall of the heart become thin
Cardiac output is reduced

64
Q

what is angina?

A

chest pain due to not enough blood or oxygen

65
Q

causes of ineffective endocarditis

A

Most commonly bacteria but possibly fungi or other organisms.
Entry of organism into bloodstream

66
Q

interventions and rationales for a nursing diagnosis of decreased cardiac output related to post op cardiac surgery

A

Closely monitor fluid intake, including IV lines. Maintain fluid restriction if ordered.
Place on a cardiac monitor; monitor for dysrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation.

67
Q

what are the safety measures for coumadin use?

A

monitor INR and monitor for bleeding (teach patient to report bleeding)

68
Q

a non pharmacological intervention

A

call the HCP

69
Q

the nurse needs to administer a hypertensive med. The pt’s blood pressure is 70/38. What do you do?

A

call the physician

do not hold unless she instructs it.

70
Q

what medication will be prescribed for stage 1 hypertension?

A

Thiazide-like diuretic
ACE inhibitors
Calcium channel blockers

71
Q

hypertensive emergency

A

systolic bp higher than 180 mm Hg or diastolic BP higher than 120 occurs

72
Q

follow up time frames for different blood pressures

A 
For those with normal B P
• 3 to 5 years
For those over the age of 39 or with 
increased risk
• Annually
73
Q

under inspection
what is brown discoloration and
purple skin?

A

may be seen in the presence of venous flow problems.

74
Q

what test do you perform if potassium level is out of range

A

EKG

75
Q

interventions for pulse deficit

A

Contact The HCP

76
Q

criteria for a heart donor

A 
no hypertension
diabetes 
absent of malignant diseases
no active infections 
no significant cardiac disease
77
Q

dissecting aortic aneurysm

A

created when blood separates the layers of the artery wall forming a cavity between them.

78
Q

foods high in potassium

A

banana’s, potatoes, citrus fruit, cooked spinach

79
Q

pink frothy sputum is an indicator of

A

pulmonary edema

Contact Healthcare Provider

80
Q

bnp high level indicates

A

heart failure

81
Q

symptoms of digoxin toxicity

A

abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, visual changes, and bradycardia

82
Q

increase in potassium can cause

A

ventricular fibrillation

83
Q

common cause of a PVC is

A

caffeine

84
Q

V-FIB =

A

D-Fib

85
Q

pt has a pacemaker placed what should you do?

A

take radial pulse for 1 minute

86
Q

main treatment of buergers disease

A

smoking cessation

87
Q

sudden back or flank pain are classic symptoms of a…?

A

abdominal aortic aneurism

needs to be reported immediately because it can rupture

88
Q

a pt has had a vascular surgery. When a neuro vascular check is done the extremity is cool to the touch and dusty in color. What should you do?

A

notify the physician

89
Q

Buerger’s disease

A

occlusive disease of the median and small arteries and veins.

90
Q

peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

A

a chronic disorder in which partial or total arterial occlusion deprives the lower extremities of oxygen and nutrients

91
Q

Raynaud’s

A

the vasospasm of the arterioles and arteries of the upper and lower extremities.

92
Q

females who smoke and take birth control are at a higher risk for a…?

A

MI

93
Q

5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride

A

is isotonic

94
Q

Normal saline

A

hypotonic

95
Q

0.33% sodium chloride

A

hypotonic

96
Q

Lactated Ringer’s solution

A

isotonic

Med Surge and Maternity (14 decks)

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