Midterm- Semester Closing Exams (Musculoskeletal System and more) Flashcards by Graziella Buitron

epithelial tissue

covers and protects body structures and lines organs, vessels, and cavities

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connective tissue

supports and binds body structures. contains fibers and non-living material between the cells

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muscle tissue

contracts to produce movement

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nervous tissue

makes up the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. coordinates and controls body responses by electrical impulses

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homeostasis

maintenance of body’s internal equilibrium

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binding

a number of things that have been tied together

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tensile

resistant to stress, especially being stretched

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anastomosing

to join directly or indirectly

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debris

waste, by-product

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delicate

small, weak, fragile

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resilient

tough, lasting

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lobule

a small roundish project, division of an organ

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sheath

an enveloping tubular structure such as the tissue that encloses a muscle or nerve fibre

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septa

thin partitions or membranes dividing cavities, soft masses of tissue in organisms

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firm

not moving

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hypoglycemia

little to no glucose in the blood

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what is blood flow measured in?

L/Min

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what does leukocyte mean?

white blood cell

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Suffix meaning excess of something

-osis

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What do palmar and plantar mean?

Palm of the hand, and sole of the foot

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What is an endoscopy?

procedure where an endoscope (flexible tube with a camera attached) is inserted into a natural orifice for examination

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What is a radiography?

examination involved with exposing part of the body to a small dose of radiation to produce an image of the internal organs

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What is a CT?

CAT Scan, x-rays. Computerized tomography

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What is an MRI?

test using a magnetic field and pulses of radio wave energy to make pictures or organs and internal body structures

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What is an ultrasound?

examination using high-frequency sound waves to view organs and structures inside the body

What is an electrocardioGRAM?

Tracing or drawing produced by an electrocardiograph

What is a plane

an imaginary flat surface that divides the body into sections

What is an orbit?

the bony cavities of the eye

What is an incision?

surgical cuts

What is a shaft?

the long or straight part of something

Define orifice

Openings

What is a blockage

An obstruction

Excision

to cut out surgically

Clot

accumulation of blood, blocks/coagulated mass of blood

Malignant

Tending to produce death

Interventional procedure

interfering with the outcome or course of a condition/ process to prevent harm or improve functioning

Oncology

the study of tumors

Non-invasive

not involving entry into the human body

Obese

having excessive amounts of body fat

Ischemia

Deficient supply of blood to an area that is due to obstruction of an artery

Hypertrophy

Excessive growth of an organ

Aetiology

the cause of a disease

Pathogenesis

sequence of events in disease development

Predisposing factors

pre-existing pathological/physiological states that put you at increased risk of developing a disease

symptoms

abnormalities or subjective complaints by the patient

Physical signs

abnormalities found upon clinical examination

Diagnosis

opinion based on evidence of a disease

Prognosis

prediction of the likely outcome of any disease

Morbidity

reflects ill-health, incapacity or sickness associated with non-fatal disease

Mortality

related deaths from disease

Lesions

pathological structural abnormalities

Acute

disease that is expected to run it's course over a short period of time

Chronic

disease may take long periods of time to run it's course

Systemic

disease involving many systems in the body

Remission

symptoms and signs of disease disappear, patient is feeling better

Relapse

Return of tissue injury or disease; symptoms reappear

Exacerbation

a worsening

Head

Cranium

Face on skull

Facial bones

Jaw

Mandible

Collar bone

Clavicle

Shoulder blade

Scapula

Breast bone

Sternum

upper bone of the arm

Humerus

Lower inner bone of the arm

ulna

Lower outer bone of the arm

Radius

Bones that make up the wrist, hand, fingers

Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

Bones that make up the ankle, foot and toes

Tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

Bone of the thigh

Femur

Bones that make up the calf

(bigger) tibia (smaller) fibula

Bone of the heel of foot

calcaneus

Combining form of cranium

Cranio-

Combining form of vertebral

Vertebro-

Combining form of sternum

sterno-

Combining form of ribs

costo-

Combining form of illium

ilio-

Combining form of ischium

ischio-

Combining form of femur

femoro-

Combining form of patella

patello-

bone of knee

patella

Combining form of tibia

tibio-

Combining form of fibula

fibulo-

Combining form of tarsals

tarso-

Combining form of phalange

phalango-

Combining form of clavicle

claviculo-

Combining form of scapula

Scapulo-

Combining form of humerus

humero-

Combining form of ulna

ulno-

Combining form of radius

radio-

Combining form of carpal

carpo-

Foramen

Hole through bone where blood vessels and nerves pass

Fossa

A hollow place ,pit, cavity or depression

Meatus

Tube shaped opening

Sulcus

groove, trench, furrow, or depression

Process

projection large enough to be grasped with fingers

Condyle

rounded, knuckle-like projection

Crest

A ridge

Protuberance

swelling-like area on a bone, can be felt

Ramus

Small projection off a larger structure (branch-like)

Girdle

belt

-itis

Inflammation

-plasty

repair

-ectomy

removal, excision

-algia, -dynia

pain

-tomy

incision, to make a cut

-malacia

softening

Word for "repair of the cranium"

Cranioplasty

Word for "removal of a part of the cranium"

crani-ectomy

Word for "inflammation of the vertebrae"

Spondylitis

Word for "pain in the vertebrae"

Spondylalgia

Word for "incision in a rib"

Costotomy

The hip is made up of

the ilium, pubis, ischium

The thigh is made up of

the femur and patella

The leg/calf is made up of

the patella, tibia, and fibula

The foot is made up of

tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges

The shoulder is made up of

the clavicle, scapula (together called the shoulder girdle)

The upper arm is made up of

the humerus

Forearm is made up of

the radius and ulna

The hand is made up of

the carpals, metacarpals and phalanges

The carpals make up the _______

wrist

The metacarpals make up the ______/__________

palm/ dorsum

The phalanges make up the _______ (hand)

fingers

Meaning of diarthrodial/synovial

freely moveable

Meaning of amphiarthrodial

slightly moveable

Meaning of synarthrodial

not movable

Define bursa

Fluid-filled fibrous sac, acts as a cushion to help movement and avoid friction

What is an orthopedist?

physician who treats injuries to the skeletal system or associated muscles, tendons and ligaments

What is a rheumatologist?

physician who treats/diagnoses rheumatic diseases (joints, tendons, muscles, bones, nerves)

What is a podiatrist?

Physician who treats/diagnoses disorders of the foot, ankle and lower extremity

What is a chiropractor?

physician focused on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromuscular disorders with an emphasis on treatment through manual manipulation

Midterm- Semester Closing Exams (Musculoskeletal System and more) Flashcards

(130 cards)