Migration & Early settlement 2

Question 1

When was gold discovered? Who by?

Answer 1

1848 - James Marshall

Question 2

When was the Gold Rush?

Answer 2

1849

Question 3

How many miners migrated West, as a result of the discovery of Gold?

Answer 3

90,000

Question 4

What were the 90,000 miners called?

Answer 4

49ers

Question 5

What was a positive consequence of the Gold Rush?

Answer 5

boosted US economy, gave US ldng role in world trade

Question 6

What is negative consequence of the Gold Rush? What was the result?

Answer 6

saloon owners moving -> make $$ from miners & violence was result of many men, gambling, prositution & alcohol

Question 7

Why were shanty towns created? What was a downside to this?

Answer 7

quickly house miners - low stndrds of living = poor health

Question 8

How many saloons were created? By when?

Answer 8

1853 - over 500

Question 9

Why did people want to mine gold?

Answer 9

“get rich quick”

Question 10

Define homesteaders.

Answer 10

settlers who had own land & farmed & built upon in Great Plains

Question 11

What was a problem regarding water shortages of living & farming on the Great Plains?

Answer 11

short supply = crop failure from lack of of irrigation

Question 12

What was a problem regarding weather of living & farming on the Great Plains?

Answer 12

extreme = crop failure eg. kansas - no rain for year

Question 13

What was a problem regarding dirt & disease of living & farming on the Great Plains?

Answer 13

sod houses = difficult to clean -»attrcted pest & ppl living there got disease

Question 14

What was a problem regarding natural disaster of living & farming on the Great Plains?

Answer 14

plagues & prairie fires= Rocky mountain grasshoppers caused crop damage ~ Nebraska

Question 15

When was the Fort Laramie Treaty created?

Answer 15

17th September 1851

Question 16

What was a cause of conflict for the Plains Indians?

Answer 16

found WS disrespectful -> land

Question 17

What was a cause of conflct for the white settlers?

Answer 17

manifest destiny

Question 18

What were the Plains Indians to do as a result of the Fort Laramie Treaty?

Answer 18

• allow migrants -> travel safely though land
• allow US gvrnmnt -> build army posts on their lands

Question 19

What were the US government to do as a result of the Fort Laramie Treaty?

Answer 19

• protect PIs from WIs
• pay annuity of $50,000 as long as treaty terms were kept

Question 20

What did the Fort Laramie Treaty lead to for the Plains Indians?

Answer 20

PIs bcme reliant on US gvrnmnt - annuity often came in form of essntal rsourcs

Question 21

Define lawlessness.

Answer 21

time of chaos bc. people ignoring law

Question 22

What is claim jumping?

Answer 22

miners stealing someone’s right to mine an area

Question 23

What is salting a claim?

Answer 23

conning people into buying worthless land

Question 24

What is a road agent?

Answer 24

gangs robbed travellers & gold prospcts. on road

Question 25

Why was murder a large problem in early towns & settlements?

Answer 25

increase in carrying arms

Question 26

How many people died due to the increase of carrying arms between 1863-1864?

Answer 26

31

Question 27

What was a highway robbery?

Answer 27

wagons of gold & silver = robbed

Question 28

How many highway robberies took place between 1863 - 1864 in Aurora?

Answer 28

7

Question 29

Why was racial tension a problem in early towns?

Answer 29

violence in camps due to mixd ethnicities & religions

Question 30

How did gangs become a problem in early towns?

Answer 30

rivals of gold miners & migrants = violence

Question 31

What percentage of women in Aurora were prostitutes?

Answer 31

50%

Question 32

How did alcohol and prositutes become a problem of lawlessness?

Answer 32

sold in mining camps -> gun fights

Question 33

Define rowdyism.

Answer 33

drunk & disorderly conduct over women, gambling & mining

Question 34

What did vigilance committees do to tackle lawlessness?

Answer 34

identified suspects, tried & punished them

Question 35

What did mining committees do to tackle lawlessness?

Answer 35

list of rules to govern mining in district, court created & respected community member as judge

Question 36

How was racism tackled by government & local communities?

Answer 36

not alot done - often encouraged bc. gov. = racist

Question 37

What was a US marshal?

Answer 37

President appointed individual -> enforce law & order in a state & needed deputy

Question 38

What was a Town Marshal?

Answer 38

apppoint by towns people -> deal with local lawlessness

Question 39

What was a Sheriff?

Answer 39

county appointed & chased local lawbreakers