Mink muscles: origin, insertion, function Flashcards by Lilli Swenson

Sternomastoid

Origin: sternum
Insertion: mastoid process
Function: turns head

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Clavotrapezius

Origin: back of skull and dorsal midline of neck
Insertion: clavicle
Function: pulls humerus forward

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Clavodeltoid

Origin: clavicle
Insertion: deltoid ridge of humerus
Function: pulls humerus forward

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Pectoralis major/minor

Origin: sternum
Insertion: pectoral ridge of humerus
Function: adducts forelimb

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Cleidomastoid

Origin: clavicle
Insertion: back of skull
Function: turns head

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Sartorius

Origin: ilium
Insertion: patella, tibia, fascia of knee
Function: extends hindlimb, adducts thigh

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Tensor fascia lata

Origin: ilium and fascia surrounding hip muscles
Insertion: fascia latae covering gluteus medius and vastus lateralis
Function: extends hindlimb

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Gluteus maximus

Origin: ilium and sacrum
Insertion: femur near greater trochanter
Function: abducts thigh

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Caudofemoralis

Origin: transverse processes of second and third caudal vertebrae
Insertion: lateral surface of femur near patella
Function: abducts and extends thigh

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Semitendinosus

Origin: tuberosity of ischium
Insertion: crest of tibia
Function: extends thigh and flexes hindlimb

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Vastus lateralis

Origin: greater trochanter of femur
Insertion: vastus medialis and rectus femoris
Function: extends hindlimb

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Semimembranosus

Origin: tuberosity and ramus of ischium
Insertion: medial epicondyle of femur
Function: extends hip and adducts hindlimb

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Rectus femoris

Origin: ilium
Insertion: tibial crest
Function: extends hindlimb

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Gracilis

Origin: pubis and ischium
Insertion: medial surface of knee and hindlimb
Function: adducts thigh

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Adductor longus

Origin: pubis
Insertion: femur
Function: adducts thigh

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Adductor femoris

Origin: ramus of pubis and ischium
Insertion: shaft of femur
Function: adducts thigh

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Vastus medialis

Origin: shaft of femur
Insertion: patella and head of tibia
Function: extends hindlimb

External abdominal oblique

Origin: caudal ribs and lumbodorsal fascia
Insertion: linea alba
Function: compresses abdomen and flexes trunk

Acromiotrapezius

Origin: spine of axis to spinous process of 4th thoracic vertebra
Insertion: acromion process of scapula
Function: adducts and stabilizes scapula

Spinotrapezius

Origin: dorsal midline of thorax
Insertion: scapular spine
Function: rotates scapula backwards

Dorsoepitrochlearis

Origin: latissimus dorsi and tres major
Insertion: olecranon process of ulna
Function: extends elbow

Triceps brachii

Origin: scapula and lateral surface of humerus
Insertion: olecranon process of ulna
Function: extends elbow and forearm

Brachialis

Origin: lateral surface of humerus
Insertion: ulna
Function: flexes elbow

Splenius

Origin: spine of first thoracic vertebra
Insertion: lambdoidal ridge of skull
Action: elevates head

Longus colli

Origin: first six thoracic vertebrae and transverse process of cervical vertebrae Insertion: transverse process of sixth cervical vertebra and centra of cranial cervical vertebrae Function: bends neck ventrally and laterally

Rhomboideus cervicis

Origin: spines of first four thoracic vertebrae and back of skull Insertion: vertebral border of scapula Function: adducts scapula and pulls it cranially

Rhomboideus capitis

Origin: spines of first four thoracic vertebrae and back of skull Insertion: vertebral border of scapula Function: adducts scapula and pulls it cranially

Atlantoscapularis

Origin: atlas Insertion: dorsal edge of scapula Function: pulls scapula forward

Levator scapulae ventralis

Origin: atlas Insertion: metacromion process of scapula Function: pulls scapula forward

Internal abdominal oblique

Origin: lumbodorsal fascia and crural ligament between crest of ilium and pelvis Insertion: linea alba Function: compresses abdomen and flexes trunk

Transversus abdominis

Origin: inner surface of caudal rib cartilage, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae, ilium, and crural ligament between ilium and pubis Insertion: linea alba Function: compresses abdomen and flexes trunk

Rectus abdominis

Origin: pubic tubercle Insertion: first and second costal cartilages and sternum Function: compresses abdomen and flexes trunk

Extensors of forearm

Origin: humerus Insertion: metacarpals and phalanges Function: extends and flexes wrist and fingers

Biceps brachii

Origin: cranial edge of coracoid process of scapula Insertion: bicipital tuberosity of radius Function: flexes forelimb

Flexors of forearm

Origin: humerus Insertion: metacarpals and phalanges Function: flexes wrist and fingers

Masseter

Origin: zygomatic arch Insertion: masseteric fossa of mandible Function: elevates mandible

Mylohyoid

Origin: medial surface of mandible Insertion: basihyal Function: raises floor of mouth

Digastric

Origin: paraoccipital process and mastoid process Insertion: ventral surface of mandible Function: depresses mandible

Genioglossus

Origin: mandibular symphysis Insertion: tongue Function: manipulates tongue

Geniohyoid

Origin: mandibular symphysis Insertion: hyoid apparatus Function: pulls tongue and hyoid forward

Sternohyoid

Origin: cartilage of first rib Insertion: basihyal Function: pulls tongue backward

Biceps femoris

Origin: tuberosity of ischium Insertion: dorsal border of tibia and patella Function: adducts thigh, flexes hindlimb