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NPLEX 2 Misc > Minor Surg > Flashcards

Minor Surg Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

macule

A

< 1cm

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2
Q

papule, vesicle

A

<1cm

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3
Q

bullae

A

> 1cm, clear, fluid filled

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4
Q

hyperkeratosis

A

Stratum corneum, e.g. warts, corns, calluses

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5
Q

parakeratosis

A

psoriasis, dandruff

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6
Q

acantholysis

A

loss of desmosomes/keratinocytes

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7
Q

acanthosis

A

diffuse epidermal hyperplasia

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8
Q

Seborrheic keratosis

A

stuck on

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9
Q

dermatofibroma

A

secondary to trauma

cryo

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10
Q

lipoma

A

subQ, movable

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11
Q

Actinic keratosis

A

electrocautery, 5-FU

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12
Q

Karposi sarcoma

A

HHV-8, round oval papules on legs and mucosa

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13
Q

BCC and SCC incidence increased with what exposure

A

arsenic

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14
Q

BCC

A

Telangectasia surround
only grow where hair grows
Less likely to MET
5-FU, radiation, remove

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15
Q

SCC

A

Fast growing, crusty
more likely to bleed
Excision, Mohs

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16
Q

Melanoma

A

> 6mm = worse prognosis
acral- most aggressive
sup spreading - most common

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17
Q

Erysipelas

A

strep ifxn of sup lymph

demarcated borders

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18
Q

Cellulitis

A

strep ifxn of dermis

cephalexin, TMP/SMX

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19
Q

Rubella

A

cranial–>caudal
CLAD
fever

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20
Q

Measles

A

cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, Koplik spots
cranial–>caudal
**subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

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21
Q

Tinea versicolor

A

gold hue on woods lamp

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22
Q

Vitiligo

A

Tx: copper, vit D, phenylalanine

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23
Q

Erythema multiforme

A

Herpes, Mycoplasma, drugs

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24
Q

Steven Johnson Syndrome

A

Bactrim, Cephalosporins, Anti-convulsants, NSAIDs, allopurinol
+ Nikolsky sign
Cell-mediated cytotoxic reaction against keratinocytes leading to massive apoptosis

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25
paronychia
cephalexin, compresses
26
Felon
subQ abscess | antibiotics, may need to filet open, I&D
27
Pemphigus Vulgaris
+ Nikolsky sign Anti-Desmoglein antibodies DEADLY Methotrex, Cyclosporine, steroids
28
Granuloma annulare
small flesh papules
29
Psoriasis
Nail pitting | Arthritis
30
Rosacea
oral doxycycline | metronidazole
31
Lichen planus
``` papules plaques pruritic purple polygonal planar Wickham Striae ``` Assoc with Hep C steroids + methotrex/cyclosporine
32
Brown recluse bite
Necrotoxic | Painful
33
Erythema Nodosum
lesions of subQ fat (ant shins) | Sarcoid, TB, Leprosy, Histoplasmosis, Coccidiomycosis, Crohn's Dz
34
Impetigo
staph or strep | mupirocin
35
pityriasis rosea
harold patch | post URI
36
Bullous pemphigoid
Bx: epidermal blisters and anti-basement membrane IgG
37
Hairy leukoplakia
white painless patches, cannot be scraped off | EBV (HIV pts)
38
2% glutaraldehyde
10 mins to disinfect | 10 hrs to sterilize
39
Boiling sterilizes..
>30 mins
40
Dry heat sterilizes
160C/320F x 1 hr
41
Autoclave sterilizes
15 psi at 121 C x 15 mins
42
Disinfect SKin
10% betadine x 3 or 0.4% chlorhexidine gluconate
43
Don't suture wounds older than
8-12 hrs (24 on face)
44
Remodeling
30-40% strength by 3-4 weeks | 80% at 1 year
45
Vertical mattress
easy to evert under tension, better for cosmesis
46
Horizontal mattress
high tension wounds and fragile tissue | palms/soles
47
Continuous running
rapid, not cosmetic, less secure; high risk of infection - poor eversion
48
Absorbable natural
catgut and chromic catgut | digested by enzymes
49
Absorbable synthetic
polyglactic/vicryl polyglycolic/dexon polydioxanone/PDS hydrolyzed by body
50
Non-absorbable natural
silk stainless steel polyester/polybuster
51
Non-absorbable synthetic
nylon | polypropylene/prolene
52
Face/Neck sutures
5-0, 6-0; 3-5 days
53
Arm/Hands sutures
4-0, 5-0; 7-10 days
54
Trunk/Legs/Feet/Scalp
3-0, 4-0; 7-14 days
55
Post-op
keep dry/limit movement x 24-28 hrs
56
Infections most common
4-10 days post-op
57
Hematoma
arises after 24-72 hrs
58
Dehiscence
resuture in 48-72 hrs
59
Amides
metabolized in liver Lidocaine Bupivacaine/Marcaine Mepivacaine/Carbocaine
60
Ester
``` metabolized in peripheral tissues by pseudocholinesterase Benzocaine Proparacaine Cocaine TAC Procaine/Novacaine ```
61
Adverse Rxn to anasthetics
bradycardia, cardiac arrest, heart block - treat with high dose 02 allergy/HSN - diphenhydramine if mild, epi + oxygen if severe autonomic - self-limiting
62
Uses of Epi in anesthestics
decrease bleeding, oozing prolongs duration by decr absorption decreases risk of toxic rxn by decreasing amount of circulating anesthetic
63
epi dose
1:200,000, max = 0.2mg antidote = Mag and B6 (for COMT)
64
Never use epi with...
TCAs, MAO-i, thyrotoxicosis, CVD
65
NDs cannot perform...
``` Location- eyes, nose, axilla, goin, po nech Large size/blood supply Deep Young children Pt on anti-coag/bleeding disorder Pulsating lesion Keloid formers Systemic illness/immunocomp ```
66
Liquid Nitro for cryo
freeze, thaw, refreeze with 2-3mm zone around lesion for 10-30 s blister - scab may depigment C/I malignancy, Raynauds, sensitive skin
67
Electrosurgery
Sterile electrode with (+) destroys tissue and coagulates bv | C/I flammable ethanol, metal implants, jewelry
68
Electrocautery
indirect electrical current. precise. no blood loss
69
Hyfrecation
Direct, high frequency current. Precise, minimal blood loss
70
Excisional bx
3:1 elliptical, 30 angle, #15 blade | parallel to Langer's lines
71
Incisional bx
narrow elliptic taken within a larger lesion to dx
72
Shave
diagnostic and therapeutic. healing is rapid with min scarring
73
Punch (aka trephine)
4mm most common. Full thickness of dermis with min scarring. Traction skin perpendicular to Langer's lines. must go 1-2 mm beyond borders
74
#11
Puncture abscess, incisions, stabbing, I and D
75
#15
Blunt dissection, excision, trimming, elliptical excisions
76
#10
Like #15 for thick skin
77
#3
disposable
78
Toothed adson forceps
does not crush skin. for suturing
79
iris scissors
fine dissection, not for sutures
80
Metzenbaum scissors
blunt dissection

NPLEX 2 Misc (1 decks)

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