Misc Things to Know (IHC markers, random cancer bio, etc) Flashcards
What general groups of molecules are oncogenes?
Growth factors + receptors, protein kinases, G-protein signal transducers, nuclear proteins
What are some common growth factors that are oncogenes
PDGF, EGF, IGF-1, VEGF, TGF-β, IL-2
What is another name for the EGF receptor (EGFR)
erbB-1
What is other name for the hepatocyte growth factor receptor
C-met
What group of oncogenes is HER2/neu and what is its receptor?
epidermal growth factor; Hergulin receptor (aka neu/erbB-2 receptor)
What is the other name of C-kit
stem cell factor receptor
What are bcr-abl and src are (oncogenes/tumor suppressor genes) and both are what type of molecule
oncogenes, tyrosine kinases
What are the main G-protein signal transducers that are oncogenes?
GTPases - H-ras, N-ras and K-ras
What transcription factors are considered oncogenes
ets, fos, jun, myb, myc, rel
RB1 is a tumor suppressor with what gene function? What human tumors and or associated cancer syndrome are found in people?
transcriptional regulator of cell cycle retinoblastoma, OSA Familial retinoblastoma
Wt1 is a tumor suppressor with what gene function? What human tumors and or associated cancer syndrome are found in people?
Transcription regulator nephroblastoma Wilms tumor
p53 is a tumor suppressor with what gene function? What human tumors and or associated cancer syndrome are found in people?
transcriptional regulator, growth arrest, apoptosis sarcomas, breast and brain tumors Li-Fraumeni
VHL is a tumor suppressor with what gene function? What human tumors and or associated cancer syndrome are found in people?
regulates proteolysis hemangiomas, renal pehochromocytomas von Hippel-Lindau
APC is a tumor suppressor with what gene function? What human tumors and or associated cancer syndrome are found in people?
binds/regulates beta-catenin colon cancer familial adenomatous polyposis
INK4a is a tumor suppressor with what gene function? What human tumors and or associated cancer syndrome are found in people?
P16ink4a cdki for cyclind-cdk4/6, stabilizes p53 melanoma, pancreatic familial melanoma
BRACA1/2 is a tumor suppressor with what gene function? What human tumors and or associated cancer syndrome are found in people?
Transcriptional regulator/DNA repair breast/ovarian familial breast cancer
PTEN is a tumor suppressor with what gene function? What human tumors and or associated cancer syndrome are found in people?
dual-specificity phosphatase glioblastoma, prostate, breast Cowden syndrome
E-cadherin is a tumor suppressor with what gene function? What human tumors and or associated cancer syndrome are found in people?
cell adhesion regulator breast, colon, skin, lung carcinoma familial gastric cancer
What cytokine is a growth factor for T cells, induces Tregs, enhances CTL and NK cell cytotox and induces b-cell proliferation
IL-2
What is a multicolony stimulating factor that promotes production/differentiation of macrophages, monocytes and granulocytes and dendritic cells?
IL-3
What cytokines are important for inducing M2 activation? (immunosuppressive)
IL-4 - IL-10 - IL-13
What cytokine determines if Th1 or Th2?
- IL-12 - Present –> Th1 - Absent –> Th2
MHCI - location and function
- All nucleated cells - Present ENDOGENOUS Ag to CD8+ T cells
MHCII location and function
- Professional Ag-presenting cells (dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells) - Present EXOGENOUS Ag to CD4 T cells
