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Anatomy & Physiology > Module 11 - Respiratory System Pt. 1 Anatomy > Flashcards

Module 11 - Respiratory System Pt. 1 Anatomy Flashcards

Structures and Functions

1
Q

Fxns of Respiratory System (gCOP)

A

Gas Exchange
Communication
Olfaction
pH Regulation

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2
Q

Gas Exchange

A

exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide between blood and air

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3
Q

Communication

A

RS can facilitate speech

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4
Q

Olfaction

A

smell - ability to detect airborne chemicals

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5
Q

Organs of the Respiratory System (from top to bottom)

N.N.P.L.T.B.L

A

Nose, Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchial Tree, Lungs

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6
Q

Nose Function

A

to warm, cleanse, humidify air, detect odors, protection and amplifies voice

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7
Q

Structure within Nose: Nostrils or Nares

A

openings into nose

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8
Q

The facial portion of nose is formed by ___ bone and ___ cartilage.

A

Nasal; hyaline

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9
Q

Internal chambers of the nose are called ____ ____ & is divided by the ____ _____.

A

Nasal Cavity; Nasal Septum

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10
Q

Nasal Conchae

A

tissue folds in nasal cavity that contain blood vessels & mucous.

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11
Q

Nasal Meatus

A

separate nasal conchae; passageways for air

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12
Q

Nasal cavity is lined with mucous membranes that contain cilia and what type of tissue?

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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13
Q

Pharynx - Fxn & contains what structure

A

carries air between nasal cavity and larynx; contains tonsils

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14
Q

Pharynx has three portions - name them in order

A

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx

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15
Q

Nasopharynx: fxn and lined with what tissue (same as nasal cavity)

A

Passage way for air; lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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16
Q

Oropharynx: fxn & lined with what tissue

A

passageway for air and food; lined with stratified squamous epithelium

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17
Q

Laryngopharynx: fxn & lines with what tissue (same as oropharynx)

A

passageway for air and food; lined with stratified squamous epithelium

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18
Q

Larynx: aka what? List fxns

A

aka voice box;
carries air between pharynx and trachea,
sound production
prevents food from entering trachea

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19
Q

Airway surrounded by larynx is called

A

Glottis

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20
Q

Larynx contains what structures

A

Vestibular Folds
Vocal Cords
Several Cartilages

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21
Q

Vestibular folds - location & Fxn

A

in Larynx; muscles that protect airway and prevent food from entering trachea

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22
Q

Vocal Cords - location & Fxn

A

in Larynx; muscles that produce sound

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23
Q

Three main cartilages within Larynx

A

Epiglottis, Thyroid Cartilage & Cricoid Cartilage

24
Q

Epiglottis - Location, contains what specific cartilage & Fxn

A

uppermost portion in Larynx; contains elastic cartilage that helps direct air into glottis and food into esophagus

25
Thyroid Cartilage - Name location aka what? contains what specific cartilage ? surrounds what?
middle portion in Larynx; aka Adams apple; shield-like, contains hyaline cartilage and surrounds vocal cords
26
Cricoid Cartilage - location, contains what specific cartilage, and connects what?
bottom portion of Larynx; contains hyaline cartilage; connects larynx to trachea
27
Larynx is lines with what tissue? (cPCE)
ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
28
Trachea: connection, structure, contains what type of cartilage, aka?
connection between larynx & bronchial tree; ridged tube; containing C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage; aka windpipe
29
Trachea is lined with what tissue type (cPCE)
ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
30
Bronchial Tree: Structure and Main Bronchials lined with what tissue?
branched air tubes that carry air into and out of lungs; Main bronchial lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
31
Bronchial Tree's larger pathways contain _____ cartilage and smaller pathways are held open by _____ ______.
Hyaline; Smooth muscle
32
Bronchial Tree lining of ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium becomes _____ _______ as branches get smaller
Stratified Cuboidal
33
Branches of Bronchial Tree include: Name in order of how they branch out (M.L.S.B.T.R)
``` Main Bronchi Lobar Bronchi Segmental Bronchi Bronchioles Terminal Bronchioles Respiratory Bronchioles ```
34
The right lung has how many Lobar Bronchi(s)
3; one for each superior, middle & inferior lobes
35
The left lung has how many Lobar Bronchi
2; one for each superior & inferior lobes
36
Main, Lobar & Segmental Bronchi are supported by what type of Cartilage?
Hyaline Cartilage
37
Bronchioles
continuations of segmental bronchi
38
Bronchioles transition from _____ muscle to ____ muscle
Skeletal; Smooth
39
Bronchiole's tissue lining transition from _____ _______ epithelium to ______ _______ epithelium.
ciliated pseudostratified; ciliated cuboidal
40
Terminal Bronchioles
last branches of air ducts; contain smooth muscle but no goblet cells
41
Respiratory bronchioles start to loose ______ muscle and cilia
smooth
42
Alveoli
air sacs found on respiratory bronchioles and ends of alveolar ducts; main site of gas exchange in lungs
43
Alveoli is compose of what three types of cells
``` squamous (type I) alveolar cells great (type II) alveolar cells alveolar macrophages (dust cells) ```
44
squamous (type I) alveolar cells form what?
Forms: simple squamous epithelium respiratory membrane endothelium of blood capillaries
45
great (type II) alveolar cells produce what?
fatty lipoprotein called Surfactant
46
Surfactant Fxn
prevents alveoli from sticking and helps it to re-expand during inhalation
47
alveolar macrophages (dust cells)
type of WBCs that help clean dust & bacteria from alveoli
48
What 3 structures form the respiratory membrane?
squamous alveolar cells endothelium of blood capillaries shared basement membrane
49
Respiratory membrane has two layers of _____ _____ epithelium which allow for gas diffusion between ______ & _______ ________.
Simple Squamous; Alveoli; Blood Capillaries
50
Lungs are paired organs surrounded by the ______ ______.
Pleural membrane
51
Plurae is the _____ _______ that surrounds lungs and lines thoracic cavity
Serous membrane
52
Viscera Plura surrounds what organ?
lungs
53
Parietal Plura lines what cavity?
Thoracic cavity
54
Name two types of Plurae
Viscera Plura & Parietal Plura
55
The space between the two plurae is called
pleural cavity
56
Pleural cavity contains a small amount of
serious fluid
57
Pleural cavity Fxns
reduces friction during ventilation provides pressure gradient prevents infections

Anatomy & Physiology (18 decks)

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