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bma1901 > module 4 > Flashcards

module 4 Flashcards

1
Q

cerebrum

A

largest part of the brain

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2
Q

cerebrum divided

A

cerebral hemispheres by the longitudinal fissure

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3
Q

cerebrum separated

A

separated from the cerebellum by the transverse fissure

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4
Q

cerebral hemisphere divided into 5 lobes

A

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, insula

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5
Q

cerebral hemisphere divided into 3 regions

A

cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, basal nuclei

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6
Q

cerebral cortex

A

outer region of gray matter - contains nuclei

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7
Q

cerebral white matter

A

inter region of white matter - contains tracts

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8
Q

basal nuclei

A

islands of gray matter deep within the white matter

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9
Q

primary motor cortex location

A

frontal lobe

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10
Q

primary motor cortex function

A

generates the somatic motor output that stimulates voluntary skeletal muscle movements

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11
Q

premotor cortex location

A

frontal lobe

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12
Q

premotor cortex function

A

controls skilled, complex motor activities

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13
Q

frontal eye field location

A

frontal lobe

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14
Q

frontal eye field function

A

controls voluntary eye movements

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15
Q

brocas area location

A

frontal lobe

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16
Q

brocas area function

A

controls the muscles involved in the production of speech

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17
Q

wernickes area location

A

temporal lobe

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18
Q

wernickes area function

A

comprehends written and spoken language

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19
Q

prefrontal cortex location

A

frontal lobe

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20
Q

prefrontal cortex function

A

responsible for intellect, cognition, personality and behaviour

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21
Q

primary somatosensory location

A

parietal lobe

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22
Q

primary somatosensory function

A

receives and localises general sensory input, perceives sensations of touch, temperature, pressure, vibration, pain and proprioception

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23
Q

somatosensory association area location

A

parietal lobe

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24
Q

somatosensory association area function

A

interprets general sensory sensory input to recognise objects by touch alone

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25
Q

special sensory areas location

A

occipital, temporal lobes, insula

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26
Q

special sensory areas function

A

receives special sensory input

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27
Q

special sensory association areas location

A

occipital, temporal lobes and insula

28
Q

special sensory association areas function

A

interpret special sensory input to give meaning to sensations

29
Q

visual areas location

A

occipital lobe

30
Q

visual cortex function

A

receives visual input detected by the photoreceptors

31
Q

visual association area

A

interprets visual input, recognise what we see, stores memories of past visual images

32
Q

auditory areas location

A

located in each temporal lobe

33
Q

auditory cortex

A

receives sound input detected by the hair cells in the ear to produce and locate sounds

34
Q

auditory association area

A

interprets auditory input, allows us to recognise sounds stores memories of past sounds

35
Q

olfactory cortex location and function

A

temporal lobe, perceives different odours

36
Q

gustatory cortex location and function

A

insula, perceives taste sensations

37
Q

visceral cortex location and function

A

insula, perceives visceral sensations

38
Q

vestibular cortex location and function

A

insula, awareness of balance

39
Q

cerebral white matter three tracts

A

commissural tracts, association tracts, projection tracts

40
Q

commissural tracts

A

conduct information between the two cerebral hemispheres

41
Q

association tracts

A

conduct information between cortical areas in the same hemisphere

42
Q

projection tracts

A

conduct information between the cerebral cortex and lower parts of the CNS

43
Q

cerebral basal nuclei function

A

communicate with the motor areas of the cerebral cortex to facilitate smooth skeletal muscle movements

44
Q

white matter function

A

communication within the CNS

45
Q

basal nuclei function

A

facilities smooth skeletal movements

46
Q

cerebellum function

A

ensures smooth, coordinated skeletal muscle movements, and maintains posture and balance

47
Q

diencephalon includes

A

thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus

48
Q

thalamus function

A

relay station for information entering the cerebral cortex

49
Q

hypothalamus function

A

regulates body temperature, food intake, thirst, emotional responses, sleep wake cycle, controls autonomic functions, produces hormones

50
Q

limbic system function

A

establishes emotional states, controls emotional responses, formation of long term memories

51
Q

midbrain function

A

mediates visual and auditory reflexes, produces dopamine

52
Q

pons function

A

controls heart rate and force of contraction, respiration, blood vessel diameter

53
Q

reticular formation function

A

maintains consciousness

54
Q

concussion

A

mild brain injury with short lived effects, headache, dizziness, temporary loss of consciousness

55
Q

contusion

A

bruising of the brain, may cause permanent neurological damage, may result in coma

56
Q

stroke

A

blood flow to brain area is reduced or blocked and neurone die due to a lack of oxygen and nutrients

57
Q

ischaemic stroke cause

A

blood clot in a cerebral artery

58
Q

haemorrhaging stroke cause

A

cerebral blood vessel ruptures and bleeds

59
Q

transient ischaemic attack

A

mini stroke, blood flow to brain area is temporarily reduced or blocked

60
Q

alzheimers disease

A

death of neutrons causes the brain to shrink

61
Q

alzheimers disease symptoms

A

memory loss, confusion and disorientation, personality changes, inability to read, write, talk, eat and walk

62
Q

parkisions disease

A

loss of dopamine

63
Q

brain protected by

A

cranium (skull), meninges, blood brain barrier, cerebrospinal fluid

64
Q

cranium

A

strong and encloses the brain to protect it

65
Q

meniges

A

dura matter, arachnoid matter, pia matter

66
Q

cerebrospinal fluid

A

acts as a shock-absorbing medium

67
Q

blood brain barrier

A

protects neural tissue of the brain from harmful substances

bma1901 (9 decks)

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