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DMD 1 Sem 1 > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

What material is able to pass freely between odontoblastic zone into the dentine

A

Serum proteins

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2
Q

T/F, cell-free zone of weil is present during tooth dvlpment ?

A

F, not present

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3
Q

What are the 4 cell types found in pulp

A

Fibroblast, immune cells, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, odontoCLAST

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4
Q

_________is the main cell type of pulp. It produces & maintains_________

A

Fibroblast, matrix

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5
Q

Which of the following statements about the innervation of pulp is true?

Nerves enter the pulp via the apical foramen and may be sensory or sympathetic

Nerves enter the pulp via the apical foramen and are all sensory

Nerves enter the pulp via the Plexus of Raschkow and are all sympathetic

Nerves enter the pulp via the Plexus of Raschkow and are all sensory

Nerves enter the pulp via the apical foramen and are all sympathetic

A

Nerves enter the pulp via the apical foramen and may be sensory or sympathetic

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6
Q

What is the definition of aging in cellular level ?

A

Diminished ability to respond to stress

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7
Q

hydropic change means cellular_________

A

swelling

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8
Q

Lipofuscin is characterised under microscope by__________

A

Brownish or black dots depending on type of microscope

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9
Q

Hyaline changes is characterised under microscope by__________

A

cells becoming more reddish/pinkish

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10
Q

Hyaline changes is caused by__________in plasma cells

A

eosinophilic change, excessive production of immunoglobulins

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11
Q

List 3 functions of Astrocytes

A
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12
Q

List 3 functions of Microglia

A
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13
Q

List the function of Oligodendrocyte

A
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14
Q

List the 2 functions of Schwann cell

A
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15
Q

What is the function of dental pulp ?

A

To support living dentine (provide nutrients, sensory function, protection)

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16
Q

Wt cells in myelin of dental pulp?

A

Schwann cells

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17
Q

Wt is the difference between myelinated and unmyelinated?

A

Myelinated: faster (jumping nodes) for sharp pain

Unmyelinated: slower (continuous); dull ache

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18
Q

Wt is the type of neuron in dental pulp?

A

Pseudo-unipolar

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19
Q

What fiber is for mechanical nociceptors?

A

A-delta

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20
Q

Wt fiber for thermal nociceptors?

A

A-delta

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21
Q

Wt fiber is for polymodal nociceptors?

A

Non myelinated c fibers

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22
Q

Where is trigeminal ganglion located?

A

Meckels cave

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23
Q

Wt is the ganglion involved with trigeminal nerve other than trigeminal ganglion?

A

Mesencephalic nucleus of V
(Deep in brain)

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24
Q

Distinguish motor and sensory root of trigeminal nerve.

A

Motor: small, medial
Sensory: large, lateral

They both enter in the lateral aspect of pons

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25
What is the major cell type in the pulp ?
Fibroblast
26
What is in odontoblastic zone in pulp?
Cell bodies of odontoblast, capillaries, unmyelinated axons
27
The brainstem reticular formation is responsible for_______ aspect of pain processing ?
Arousal`
28
Sialosis is characterised by the_________of major salivary glands due to___________
enlargement, acinar hypertrophy
29
Anaplasia means______________
Loss of differentiation
30
How long do neutrophils stay in circulation ?
~5 days
31
How long do neutrophils live in tissue ?
2-6 hrs
32
Overproduction of___________cause malaise. They are also resonsible for fever ?
IL1, IL6, TNF
33
Neurons of spinomesencephalic tract terminates at___________
midbrain periaqueductal grey
34
___________tract can amplify/lower the noxious sensory input ?
Spinoreticular
35
__________tract is responsible for the emotional quality of noxious stimuli ?
Spinothalamic
36
Spinothalamic tract codes for which 4 qualities of pain ?
Location, Intensity, Sensory, Emotional
37
Cell bodies of sensory nerve (trigeminal) are found in____________
"Semi-lunar" Gasserian ganglion & mesencephalic nucleus of V
38
Trigeminal nerve leaves pons___________(location) ?
Laterally
39
Brainstem is comprised of_____________
Mid brain + Pons + Medulla
40
The (motor/sensory) root of trigeminal nerve is bigger in size ?
Sensory
41
Which glia is the immune cell of CNS ?
Microglia
42
Which glia provide neuron support to CNS ?
Astrocytes
43
Which of the following sensory modality is conveyed by unmyelinated nerves? Fine touch Proprioception Vibration Crude touch Pain
Pain
44
What type of neurons are responsible for a dull aching pain? Unmyelinated neurons with soma in the trigeminal ganglia Unmyelinated neurons with soma in the dorsal root ganglia Pyramidal neurons Myelinated neurons with soma in the trigeminal ganglia Myelinated neurons with soma in the dorsal root ganglia
Unmyelinated neurons with soma in the dorsal root ganglia
45
In the process of extravasation, leukocytes move into tissues from the vasculature: Predominantly in venules Essentially as monocytes on the first day post injury - neutrophils Predominantly in arterioles In response to the Fc fragment of IgG
Predominantly in venules
46
What is located in the axon terminal? Nucleus Post synaptic receptors Nodes of Ranvier Synaptic cleft Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters
47
- How is subodontoblastic plexus of raschkow formed ? - Many of them contribute to the____________
- Axon nerve fibers start as large bundle then branch extensively towards the periphery of pulp - Extensive nerve endings in the cell free zone
48
subodontoblastic plexus of raschkow is found in which zone ?
Cell free zone of weil
49
Exudate is odema w/____________
high protein content
50
Selectin is responsible for the_____________
activation & rolling of Leukocytes (WBC)
51
Integrin is responsible for_____________
Rolling, firm adhesion & passage of Leukocytes (WBC)
52
Are neurons in dental pulp myelinated or unmyelinated ?
contain both types
53
Trigeminal nerve contain special visceral efferent fibers to____________
muscleS of mastication
54
Noxious info enters the spinal cord via_____horn
Dorsal
55
Which part of the CNS is responsible for mounting defensive behavior (pain)
Periaqueductal grey in midbrain
56
In spinomesencephalic tract: Sensory neurons arrive at spinal cord >______>_______> midbrain
open medulla > pons
57
__________tract is responsible for determining location & intensity of noxious stimuli ?
Spinothalamic tract
58
___________is the soft tissue core of the teeth ?
Dental pulp
59
T/F, dental pulp does NOT contain water
F
60
Accessory canals are found in______%of pulp chamber ?
33%
61
Which 2 neurotransmitters are highly involved in pain & inflammation ?
Substance P & CGRP
62
Dysplasia is also described as "________"growth
Disordered
63
_____PLASIAs are necessary step in cancer transformation ?
DYSPLASIA & ANAPLASIA
64
______PLASIA can sometimes be protective ?
META
65
Fibrin is deposited within tissues during the acute inflammatory response. From which of the following does fibrin originate? Fibroblasts Endothelial cells Macrophages Plasma precursor
Plasma precursor
65
Tactile sensation is mediated by the Golgi tendon organs and muscle spindles Free nerve endings and Merkel discs Pacinian corpuscles and C type fibers Meissners corpuscles and Aβ type fibres Muscle spindles and Pacinian corpuscles
Meissners corpuscles and Aβ type fibres
66
The trigeminal nerve originates from how many nuclei ?
4
67
The conscious perception of a noxious stimulus location is likely coded in this brain region Primary motor cortex Prefrontal cortex Primary somatosensory cortex Insular cortex Midbrain
Primary somatosensory cortex
68
Sialosis is due to an atrophy of the acinar component of salivary glands is an inflammatory condition is a neoplastic condition is a non-inflammatory condition only affects the duct of salivary glands
is a non-inflammatory condition
69
What nerves does the trigeminal nerve possess ?
Sensory & motor
70
Does trigeminal nerve have sympathetic & parasympathetic nerves ?
NO
71
Which of the following best describes the process of the detection of painful stimuli? Pain is both a sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Specialised receptors known as nociceptors detect noxious stimuli and transmit this information to the Chief sensory nucleus of the trigeminal where the second order neurons project contralaterally to the VPM thalamic nucleus and then onto the somatosensory cortices. Specialised receptors known as nociceptors detect noxious stimuli in the orofacial region and transmit this information to the spinal trigeminal nucleus where the second order neurons project contralaterally to the VPM thalamic nucleus and then onto the somatosensory cortices. The Chief sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve receives information about tactile, proprioceptive and painful stimuli from the orofacial region Low threshold mechanoreceptors found in the orofacial region transmit noxious stimuli via the trigeminal nerve to the spinal trigeminal nucleus where second order neurons project contralaterally to the VPM thalamic nucleus and then onto the somatosensory cortices.
Specialised receptors known as nociceptors detect noxious stimuli in the orofacial region and transmit this information to the spinal trigeminal nucleus where the second order neurons project contralaterally to the VPM thalamic nucleus and then onto the somatosensory cortices.
72
The spinal trigeminal nucleus processes: motor neurons that innervate the tongue pain and temperature information from the ipsilateral face discriminatory touch information from the ipsilateral face proprioceptive information from the jaw pain and temperature information from contralateral face
pain and temperature information from the ipsilateral face

DMD 1 Sem 1 (12 decks)

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