module 5

Question 1

what type of input is this?

input from the external and internal environment

Answer 1

Sensory Input

Question 1

Uses incoming sensory signals in order to create a complete picture of the environment

Answer 1

Integration

Question 2

The nervous system functions to produce an appropriate response by sending motor output signals through motor nerves

Answer 2

Motor Input

Question 3

The nervous system is divided into two principal subdivision

Answer 3

The central nervous system (CNS) and the
peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 4

The ______________ is made up of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 4

central nervous system (CNS)

Question 5

The _______________ is composed of all the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 5

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 6

Subdivisions of the peripheral nervous system

Answer 6

Motor (Efferent)
- Autonomic, parasympathetic, sympathetic
- Somatic

Sensory (Afferent)

Question 7

The ________ functions to transfer electrical signals from the dendrites to the axon

Answer 7

cell body

Question 8

___________ receive the neuronal signal from other neurons and transfer those signals to the cell body

Answer 8

Dendrites

Question 9

_______ carry the signal from the cell body to the axon terminals, where the signal is then transferred to other neurons or organ

Answer 9

Axons

Question 10

___________ neurons have one cellular process that splits into a dendrite and an axon

Answer 10

Pseudounipolar

Question 11

_______ neurons have one dendrite and one axon that extend directly from the cell body

Answer 11

Bipolar

Question 12

__________ neurons have multiple dendrites and one axon, summing to three or more cellular processes

Answer 12

Multipolar

Question 13

The nervous system is also comprised of supporting cells known as __________

Answer 13

neuroglia or glia

Question 14

Function of glia

Answer 14

protect and support neurons
send signals / communication between neurons

Question 15

_______ are large star shaped cells

Answer 15

Astrocytes

Question 16

These cells communicate with neurons and blood vessels to maintain the integrity of the neural tissue

Answer 16

Astrocytes

Question 17

________ are the most abundant of the glial cells in the CNS

Answer 17

Astrocytes

Question 18

________ perform many protective and immune functions in the CNS

Answer 18

Microglia

Question 19

__________ are the least common type of supporting cells

Answer 19

Microglia

Question 20

These cells assist in the production, circulation, and monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 20

Ependymal

Question 20

_________ cells are cuboidal in shape and line cavities of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 20

Ependymal

Question 21

__________ wrap around axons in the CNS to form myelin sheath

Answer 21

Oligodendrocytes

Question 22

_________ cells are equivalent to oligodendrocytes in that they form the myelin sheath around nerve fibers (axons) in the PNS

Answer 22

Schwann

Question 23

A single Schwann cell can myelinate ____________

Answer 23

a portion of one axon

Question 24

What is the Cerebrum composed of?

Answer 24

Telencephalon and Diencephalon

Question 25

What is the Brainstem composed of?

Answer 25

Midbrain, Pons and Medulla

Question 26

The __________ is responsible for interpreting sensory signals, sending out motor signals, and decision making

Answer 26

Telencephalon

Question 27

The two hemispheres are separated by the _______ fissure

Answer 27

longitudinal

Question 28

The outer layer of the cerebrum is known as the ____________

Answer 28

cerebral cortex

Question 29

The fissures and grooves are known as ______, while the lumps and bumps are known as _____

Answer 29

sulci and gyri

Question 30

________ consists of nerve cell bodies, short interneurons, and glial

Answer 30

Grey matter

Question 31

________ consists of bundles of nerve fibres and myelinated axons

Answer 31

White matter

Question 32

_________ facilitate communication between different levels of the CNS, such as between the brain and spinal cord

Answer 32

Projection fibres

Question 33

_________ facilitate communication between the two hemispheres

Answer 33

Commissural fibres

Question 34

The ________ is responsible for sensory and motor relay into and out of the brain, as well as control of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 34

Diencephalon

Question 35

The _________ is responsible for relaying sensory information, except sense of smell, to other areas of the brain

Answer 35

thalamus

Question 36

The _________ controls the release of hormones through the pituitary gland

Answer 36

hypothalamus

Question 37

The _______ are three connective tissue membranes protecting the structures of the CNS

Answer 37

meninges Dura matter Archnoid matter Pia matter

Question 38

_________ is contained within the ventricles and flows from the lateral ventricle to the bloodstream

Answer 38

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 39

What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 39

provides a buoyancy effect to the brain, and spinal cord provides support and protection to the CNS

Question 40

Cerebrospinal fluid flows from...

Answer 40

Lateral Ventricles Interventricular Foramen Third Ventricle Cerebral Aqueduct Fourth Ventricle Subarachnoid Space

Question 41

The regions of the spinal cord

Answer 41

Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral

Question 42

The spinal cord is enlarged at the _______ and _______ levels

Answer 42

cervical and lumbar

Question 43

Why is the spinal cord enlarged at the cervical and lumbar levels?

Answer 43

because of the additional nerves exiting the spinal cord that supply the limbs

Question 43

Dura mater in the brain consists of __________ of connective tissue, the dura mater of the spinal cord consists of ________

Answer 43

two layers and one layer

Question 44

The brain contains outer _______ and inner _______, the spinal cord contains inner _______ and outer _______

Answer 44

grey matter and white matter