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CNUR 401 > Module 7 > Flashcards

Module 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What factors impact emerging and re-emerging threat factors?

A
  • Events in other countries
  • Environment
  • Viral evolution
  • Drug resistance
  • Pathogens
  • Chemicals
  • Environmental changes
  • Radiation
  • Societal Behaviors
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2
Q

What are 4 emerging threats to health which are in the media/social marketing?

A
  • Global Warming
  • Ebola
  • H1N1
  • The Non-immunizing movement
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3
Q

What are the 9 components of the Canadian Pandemic Influenza plan?

A
  • Organize for pandemic vaccine production
  • Develop and test prototype vaccines
  • Establish national anti-viral stockpile
  • Manage the national emergency stockpile system
  • Provide international leadership on pandemic preparedness
  • Assist countries affected by the avian flu to develop their ability to respond
  • Conduct research to promote the global response to pandemic influenza
  • Provide ongoing support and maintenance of quarantine services
  • Increase public awareness of influenza
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4
Q

What is environmental health?

A

The achievement of health and wellness and the prevention of illness and injury from the exposure to physical or psychosocial environmental hazards.

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5
Q

What is a non-point source?

A

A source of pollution that issues from widely distributed or pervasive environmental elements

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6
Q

Define Sink

A

Any process, activity or mechanism which removes GHG’s, an aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas from the atmosphere.

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7
Q

What is a point source?

A

A pollutant released into the environment from a single site. i.e. smokestack.

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8
Q

What is environmental epidemiology?

A

Useful tool for CHN’s is the study of the effect on human health of physical, chemical and biological factors in the external environment.

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9
Q

What is surveillance?

A

Systematic and ongoing observation and collection of data concerning changes in frequency or distribution.

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10
Q

What is an environmental scan?

A

Assesses both the internal and external environments and is frequently used by researchers to assess population health issues; by organizations to develop, evaluate, and revise programs, technological issues and political issues.

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11
Q

What are environmental standards?

A

Governmental guidelines or rules that impose limits on the amount of pollutants or emissions produced.

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12
Q

What is a risk assessment?

A

Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the risk posed to human health or the environment by the actual or potential presence or use of specific pollutants

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13
Q

What is the precautionary principal?

A

When credible doubt exists, action should be on the side of caution.

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14
Q

What is environmental justice?

A

The effort to reduce the impact of health inequalities and socioeconomic marginalization of persons resulting from environmental conditions affecting adequate nutrition, shelter, sanitation, and safe working conditions.

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15
Q

What is disaster vulnerability?

A

The chance that a disaster is likely to occur and considers the ability of a community to avoid or cope with potential disasters.

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16
Q

What is an emergency measures organization?

A

They assume the responsibility for developing, coordinating, and managing emergency response plans within the defined area.

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17
Q

Why is the physical environment an important determinate of health?

A

As a CHN you should consider the environment when assessing the hazards to a client’s health. This is especially important for children as when children are sick related to their environment, quality of life is affected

18
Q

What is Carbon Footprinting?

A

This is a measurement of carbon dioxide emitted during a specific tome frame. This allows for countries to keep track of consumption and resources needed. This allows for the analysis of the earth consumption and the earths ability to regenerate.

19
Q

If the consumption levels continue at the current rates, will our earth be able to meet the resource demands?

A

No

20
Q

Who is at higher risk for susceptibility to air pollutants?

A

Children

21
Q

Who is the most vulnerable to food-born and water born pathogens?

A

Immunocompromised people

22
Q

What is an internal environment scan?

A

• Internal environment scan includes looking at the community resources such as people, education, employment, housing, leisure, geography and culture.

23
Q

Why is it important for CHNs to assess the environment and general health of the community?

A

To assess for present risk factors, identify abnormal or unusual disease

24
Q

What 6 emerging threats to population health?

A
  • Environmental/Climate Change
  • Infectious Disease
  • Injection drug use
  • Obesity
  • Chronic Disease
  • Disparity Gap
25
Q

What is environmental health?

A

The aspect of human health, including quality of life, that are determined by physical, chemical, biological, social, and psychosocial factors in the environment.
It also refers to the theory and practice of assessing, correcting, controlling, and preventing those factors in the enviro that can potentially affect adversly the health of present and future generation

26
Q

What is climate change ?

A

Change in weather patterns over time in a geographic area related to changes in the amount of GHG’s (Greenhouse gases) and can be the result of natural or human causes.

27
Q

How does changing environmental conditions effect disease transmission?

A
  • habitats that affect the density of disease related organisms are changing
  • Exposure pathways are changing
  • Climate change changes the genetics of pathogens and their life cycles as well as composition
28
Q

What kind of infectious diseases are most affected by climate change?

A

Those which are transmitted by a vector on non human host

29
Q

What are examples of emerging infectious diseases?

A

Influenza, SARS, AIDS

30
Q

What are examples of re-emerging infectious disease?

A

Cholera, West Nile Virus,

31
Q

What are public health and social impacts of injection drug use?

A

Overdose, suicide, HIV, poor nutrition, child abuse, sexua exploitation, mental illness, homelessness

32
Q

How can using harm reduction methods impact injection drug use?

A
  • It reduces the negative consequences of risky behavior
  • Can be incorporated with health promotion education and legislation
  • Empowers people to make informed decisions
  • Cost-effective and evidence based
  • Challenges policies/programs that maximize harm
33
Q

What are the statistic for obesity in Canadian adults?

A

1 in 4

34
Q

What determinants are associated with obesity?

A

Physical activity, diet, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, immigration and environmental factors

35
Q

What is the disparity gap?

A

The main causes of health inequities are attributable to:

  • different levels of power and resources
  • Different levels and impacts of exposure to health hazards
  • Different impacts of being sick
  • Different experiences in childhood
36
Q

What 5 areas can make a difference in reducing health inequities?

A
  • Social investment
  • Community capacity
  • Inter-sectoral action
  • Knowledge infrastructure
  • Leadership
37
Q

What are re-emerging infectious diseases?

A

Diseases previously considered under control and not a public health issue, but have since emerged or are causing an increased number of infections.

38
Q

What are metals and metallic compounds?

A

arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead and mercury

39
Q

What are hydrocarbons?

A

benzene, toluene, ketones, formaldehyde, and trichloroethylene.

40
Q

What are irritant gases?

A

ammonia, hydrochloric acid, Sulphur dioxide and chlorine.

41
Q

What are chemical asphyxiants?

A

carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulphide, and cyanides

42
Q

What are pesticides?

A

organophosphates, carbamates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and bipyrides.

CNUR 401 (11 decks)

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