mouth

Question 1

what is enamel?

Answer 1

1) hardest surface of the body
2) produced bu ameloblasts
3) ectodermal in origin

Question 2

what is dentine?

Answer 2

1) 2nd hardest part of the teeth
2) produced bu odontoblast
3) mesodermal in origin

Question 3

what is a pulp cavity?

Answer 3

the most sensitive part of the teeth and contains blood vessels and nerves.

Question 4

what strongly binds the teeth to the socket?

Answer 4

periodontal ligament and cementum.

Question 5

what are the 4 types of teeth?

Answer 5

1) incisors
2) canines
3) pre molars
4) molars

Question 6

what is dentition?

Answer 6

arrangement of teeth

Question 7

what are the dentitions in humans?

Answer 7

1)codont dentition: teeth are present within sockets
2)diphyodont dentition: erupts twice in life
(milk and permanent )
3)heterodont dentition; different types of teeth
4)bunodont dentition: cusps in their crown

Question 8

explain deciduous teeth?

Answer 8

1) aka milk teeth
2)apper between : 2 to 13 years
3) dental formula : ( 2 , 1 , 0 , 2 )2 + (2 , 1 , 0 , 2 )2
total= 20 teeth (check nb)

Question 9

explain adeciduous teeth?

Answer 9

1) aka permanent teeth
2) appears after 13 years
3) dental formula : ( 2 , 1 , 2 , 3 )2 + (2 , 1 , 2 , 3 )2
total= 32 teeth(check nb)
out of 32 , 12 are monophydont teeth which includes all pre molars and molars.

Question 10

what are arcodont?

Answer 10

teeth are directly fixed to the jaws. eg fishes amphibians and reptiles

Question 11

what are pleurodont?

Answer 11

partially attached with the socket. eg: fangs and snakes

Question 12

what is the thecodont?

Answer 12

teeth are completely present within the socket. eh: mammals and crocodiles.

Question 13

what is the tongue?

Answer 13

free movable voluntary muscles and a glandular structure present at the floor of the mouth.

Question 14

what are the two parts of the tongue?

Answer 14

the sulcus terminalis divides the tongue into the pharyngeal and oral part

Question 15

what attaches the tongue to the mouth?

Answer 15

lingual frenulum

Question 16

what are the types of papilaes?

Answer 16

1) filiform : - no taste buds
- smallest and the most abundant

2) fungiform : -apperas as red dot
- contains taste buds
- irregualr shaped
3) circumvallae : - largest in size and is knob-like .
- contain tastebuds
- round shaped
4) foliate : absent in man
- present in rabbits

Question 17

is there any taste buds for spiciness?

Answer 17

No, spiciness or burning sensation is due to stimulation of pain receptors.

Question 18

what is the median sulcus?

Answer 18

The median sulcus divides the dorsum of the tongue into symmetrical halves.

Question 19

where are different kinds of taste buds present?

Answer 19

check NB

Question 20

what is a vestibule?

Answer 20

The vestibule is a space that is bounded externally by lips, cheeks and internally by the gums and teeth.

Question 21

what is a palate?

Answer 21

The palate forms the roof of the buccal cavity and is differentiated into the anterior hard palate and posterior soft palate.

– Soft palate has uvula as a free hanging flap that closes the internal nares during swallowing of the food bolus.

– Hardp alate bears transverse palatine rugae supported by bones for holding food during mastication.

Question 22

what is mastication?

Answer 22

Chewing or mastication is the process by which food is crushed and ground by teeth. It is the first step of digestion, and it increases the surface area of foods to allow a more efficient break down by enzymes

Question 23

explain the structure of teeth,

Answer 23

the teeth have three of the following main parts i.e, crown, neck and root. the crown is capped with hard enamel made up of calcium phosphate, it forms the chewing surface.

both crown and root are composed of dentine and are secreted by the odontoblast cell(mesodermal in origin), inside with the pulp cavity is present and it contains nerves and blood vessels

Question 24

what are some modifications of teeth in other animals?

Answer 24

1) walrus modified canines
2) elephant modified incisors
3) sloth and armadillos have no enamel
4) teeth are absent in some whales, birds, spiny and scaly anteaters.

Question 25

what is the classification of teeth based on the arrangement of dentine and enamel?

Answer 25

1) bunodont: small blunt and round cusps. eg: humans
2) lophodont: intricate folding of enamel and dentine is present, cusps are connected by several transverse ridges(lophos)eg: elephant

Question 26

what is caries?

Answer 26

decay of tooth due to f degeneration of enamel and formation of a cavity.

Question 27

what is pyorrhoea?

Answer 27

infected gums and teeth socket