MS Injuries

Question 1

sprain

Answer 1

injury to ligaments around a joint

Question 2

strain

Answer 2

excessive stretching of muscle and fascia, may include tendon

Question 3

manifestations of sprain or strain

Answer 3

• pain, tenderness, bruising, decreased functioning

Question 4

complications of sprain/strian

Answer 4

• hemarthritis = bleeding in joint
• dislocation = complete displacement or seperation of the articular surface of the joint
• subuxalation

Question 5

nursing care for sprain/strain

Answer 5

R = rest 
I = ice (24-48 hr after injury) 20-30 min at a time 
C = compression, elastic band distal to proximal
E = elevate above heart

Question 6

carpal tunnel syndrome = repetitive sprain injury

Answer 6

• caused by compression of median nerve
• associated w repitive movements that involve wrist
• manifestations = impaired sensation, pain, numbness, weakness
• tinel and phalens test

Question 7

fracture

Answer 7

• disruption in bone
• open vs closed
• complete vs incomplete

Question 8

closed reduction of fracture

Answer 8

• traction and countertraction applied
• local or general anesthsia
• immobilized

Question 9

open reduction for fracture

Answer 9

• surgical insicion with internal fixation

- risk for infection but facilitates early ambulation

Question 10

traction for fractures

Answer 10

• pulling force applied to prevent or reduce pain and muscle spasms, immobilize joint, reduce fractures or dislocation, treat pathogenic joint condition
• skin or skeletal

Question 11

skin traction

Answer 11

• short term (48-72 hr)
• tape and devices applied directly to skin to reduce muscle spasms
• bucks traction
• nursing care: make sure weights are hanging free from body, check skin integrity and 6 ps q 2-3 hr

Question 12

skeletal traction

Answer 12

• longterm pull to maintain alignment
• risk for infection
• pt immobile
• nursing care = eleveate foot of bed, keep weights off floor, maintain continous traction,

Question 13

complications of fractures

Answer 13

• fat embolism = fat globules enter the circulation and can cause ARDS and petecaie on neck
• rhabdomylisis = myoglobin from damaged skeletal muscles enters circulation and causes ATN of kidneys (look for dark colored urine and symptoms of AKI)
• compartment syndrome = too much pressure too little space, can be caused by tight dressings or inflammation and edema, comprimises neuromuscular function, diagnosed w 6 ps

Question 14

6ps

Answer 14

P= pain
P=pallor
P=paralysis (late sign)
P=parasthesia
P=pulselessness (late sign)
P= pressure