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Stage 3: FOCP > MSK week: conditions > Flashcards

MSK week: conditions Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

3 types of acute inflammatory arthritis

A
  • septic arthritis
  • gout/ pseudogout
  • reactive arthritis
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2
Q

3 types of chronic inflammatory arthritis

A
  • RA
  • psoriatic arthritis
  • chronic tophaceous gout
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3
Q

Type of inflammatory arthritis that affects spine

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

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4
Q

Risk factors for septic arthritis

A
  • overlying/ penetrating infection
  • prosthetis, surgery
  • age
  • diabetes
  • RA
  • corticosteroids
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5
Q

What kind of aspirate does one get with acute gout

A

Chalky white aspirate,

contains uric acid crystals

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6
Q

Risk factors for acute gout

A
  • alcohol
  • diet (too much urate)
  • renal failure
  • chemotherapy
  • dehydration
  • psoriasis
  • haemolysis
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7
Q

What condition might tophus (chalky white deposits) indicate

A

Chronic tophaceous gout

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8
Q

Difference between crystal content of gout and pseudogout

A

Gout: uric acid crystals

Pseudogout: calcium pyrophosphate crystals

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9
Q

Is varus or valgus more common? Why?

A 
Varus = bow legged
Valgus = knock kneed

VARUS is more common, due to medial side of knee wearing out first

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10
Q

Which condition is associated with

  • subcutaneous skin nodules
  • bony nodules
A

subcutaneous skin nodules: RA

bony nodules: OA

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11
Q

Which condition is associated with:

Malar flush

A

SLE

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12
Q

Which condition is associated with:

episodic ischaemia fingers

A

Raynaud’s

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13
Q

Which condition(s) is associated with:

Conjuctivitis

A
  • ankylosing spondylitis

- reactive arthritis

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14
Q

Which condition(s) is associated with:

Blue sclera

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

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15
Q

Which condition(s) is associated with:

Mouth ulcers

A

SLE

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16
Q

Which condition(s) is associated with:

Dry eyes, dry mouth

A
  • RA

- Sjorgrens

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17
Q

Important class of drug to ask about in MSK history + why

A

Corticosteroids

Long term use can lead to vascular necrosis

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18
Q

Which type of arthritis might symmetrical symptoms point to

A

RA

OA usually affects 1 side worse than the other

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19
Q

Which joints are most commonly affected in RA

A

Fingers: MCP, PIP
Toes: MTP

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20
Q

Which joints are most commonly affected in OA

A

Fingers: DIP, PIP, base of thumb

Weight bearing joints: hip, knee, spine

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21
Q

In which type of arthritis does morning stiffness last over 30min

22
Q

Order of describing a bone xray/MRI

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. coverage
  2. alignment
  3. bones
  4. spacing
  5. soft tissue
  6. edge of image
23
Q

What type of injuries cause flexion-distraction injuries of the spine

Study These Flashcards
A

High force deceleration injuries

24
Q

Where do flexion-distraction injuries of the spine occur most commonly

Study These Flashcards
A

Thoraco-lumbar region

25
What may cause anterior compression injury of the spine
Traumatic hyperflexion with compression | common in osteoporotic patients, occur from low impact injuries/movements
26
4 cardinal signs of arthritis on Xray
1. joint space loss 2. osteophytes 3. subchondral sclerosis 4. subchondral cysts
27
Which joints are most commonly affected in psoriatic arthritis
All joints
28
What type of infections might lead to reactive arthritis
HIV chlamydia gastroenteritis
29
Triad of symptoms of reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome)
1. Inflammation of multiple large joints 2. UTI 3. Uveitis/ conjunctivitis
30
What kind of distinctive feature would be seen on xray/MRI of a person with ankylosing spondylitis
Bamboo spine
31
3 signs of synovitis
1. warmth 2. swelling 3. tenderness
32
Common sites of osteoporotic fractures
Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae Proximal femur Distal radius (colles fracture)
33
In which group of people does gout almost never occur
Premenopausal women
34
Can soft tissue swelling be seen on x-ray in gout
yes
35
What would positive versus negative birefringent crystals on a joint aspirate indicate
Negative: gout Positive: pseudogout
36
What is haemochromatosis
Build up of iron in body
37
Which joints are most commonly affected in haemochromatosis
MCP joints of thumb and index finger
38
Symptoms of haemochromatosis
- finger arthritis - chronic fatigue, weakness, lethary - RUQ or diffuse abdominal pain - enlarged liver, abnormal liver function, cirrhosis, liver cancer - cardiomyopathy - T2DM - loss of sex drive in men - oligomenorrhoea/ amenorrhoea in women - grey/bronze skin - neuro disorders: impaired memory, mood swings, depression - decreased body hair
39
Where are Heberden and Bouchard nodes? Which type of arthritis are they associated with?
Heberden: DIP Bouchard: PIP Associated with OA
40
In which type of arthritis would one get squaring of the hands (due to thumb base protrusion)
OA
41
List 5 hand deformities one might find with rheumatoid arthritis
- Ulnar deviation - Swan neck - Boutonnieres deformity of the fingers - Z deformities of thumb - Piano key deformity of wrist
42
What might one find in a CXR of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis
Nodules, fibrosis, effusions
43
What type of anaemia will one get with rheumatoid arthritis
Normochromic, normocytic | anaemia of chronic disease
44
Which types of arthritis are seronegative - HLA-B27
- ankylosing spondylitis - psoriatic arthritis - reactive arthritis
45
What is oncholysis and what conditions is it associated with?
Oncholysis: painless detachment of the nail from the nail bed Associated with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, thyrotoxicosis
46
What is dactylitis and what arthritic conditions is it associated with
Swelling of entire digit (due to swelling of tendons surrounding the joint) Associated with seronegative arthritis: ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis
47
Specific investigations for rheumatoid arthritis
- CRP, ESR - rheumatoid factor - anti-CCP - xray
48
3 most common places affected by reactive arthritis
1. joints 2. eyes 3. urethra
49
Conditions that cause osteoporosis
* alcoholism * anorexia * hyperthyroidism * kidney disease * surgical removal of ovaries * smoking * insufficient exercise * menopause
50
Which arthritis may cause sausage toes
Psoriatic arthritis

Stage 3: FOCP (47 decks)

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