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Anatomy and Physiology > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Muscle of facial expression (kissing muscle)

-Closes and protrudes lips

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2
Q

Orbicular oculi

A

Muscle of facial expression (blink and sleep)

-closes eyelids

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3
Q

Zygomaticus (major and minor)

A

Muscle of facial expression (smile)

-Raises angle of mouth to smile

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4
Q

Buccinator

A

Muscle of facial expression

-Compress cheek; blowing and sucking

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5
Q

Platysma

A

Muscle of facial expression
Superficial plate down neck
-deperesses mandible, draws lips down, tightes/wrinkles neck: opens mouth

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6
Q

Frontalis

A

Muscle of facial expression (on eyebrow sheet like)

-Raises eyebrow, wrinkles forehead, draws scalp forward

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7
Q

Masseter*

A

Muscle of mastication (pitbull jaw)
o= Zygomatic Arch
I= Ramus of mandible
a= elevates mandible (chewing)

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8
Q

Temporalis

A

Muscle of mastication

a=elevates and retracts mandible

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9
Q

Hyoid bone

A

Muscle of mastication

-Elevates hyoid and larynx, depresses mandible

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10
Q

Sernocleidomastoid

A

Muscle that moves head (carrots in neck)

  • If both sides contract, flexes neck
  • if one side contracts, ratates head towards opposite side
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11
Q

Splenius capitus

A

Muscle that moves head

  • Both sides=extends head (hyperestend too)
  • one side= rotates heas ot the same side as the contracting muscle
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12
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (hug yourself)

-Abducts scapula

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13
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Muscle that moves shoulder

-depresses and protracts scapula

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14
Q

Rhomboideus (major and minor)

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (touch elbows together)

-Adducts scapula

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15
Q

Trapezius*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder
o=occipital bone, ligamentum nache spines of c7-t12
i=clavical, acromian, and spine of scapula
a= elevates (upper portion) or depresses (lower portion) scapula, adducts scaplua, extends head

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16
Q

Pectoralis major*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (anterior)
o=clavical, sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 2-6
i=greater tubercle of humerus
a=flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm

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17
Q

Latissimus dorsi*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (armpit muscle)
o= spinous process of t7 through all lumbar and sacrum, posterior iliac crest, lumbodarsal fascia
i=intertubercular grove of humerus
a= extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

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18
Q

Deltoid*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder
o= clavical, acromion, spine of scapula
i= deltoid tuberosity of humerus
a= abducts arm

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19
Q

Supraspinatus*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (rotator cuff)
o= supraspinous fossa
i= greater tubercle of humerus
a=abducts arm

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20
Q

infraspinatus*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (rotator cuff)
o=infraspinous fossa
i= greater tubercle of humerus
a= rotates arm laterally

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21
Q

subscapularis*

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (rotator cuff)
o=subscapular fossa
i= lesser tubercle of humerus
a= rotates arm medially

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22
Q

teres major

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (rotator cuff)

-medial rotates and adducts arm

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23
Q

Teres minor

A

Muscle that moves shoulder (rotator cuff)

-rotates arm laterally

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24
Q

Biceps brachii*

A

Muscle that moves the forearm
o= above the glenoid fossa, coracoid process of the scapula
i=radial tuberosity
a=flexes forearm (elbow) and supinates forearm

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25
Branchialis
Muscle that moves the forearm | -flexes forearm
26
Triceps brachii*
Muscle that moves the forearm o= long head-below glenoid fossa, lateral head- lateral and posterior shaft of humerus procimally; medial head- posterior surface of humerus distally i=olecranon process of the ulna a=extends forearm (elbow)
27
supinator
Muscle that moves the forearm (palms up) | -Supinates forearm
28
pronator teres
Muscle that moves the forearm (palms down) | -pronates forearm
29
pronator quadratus
Muscle that moves the forearm | -pronates forearm
30
Flexor carpi radialis*
Muscle that moves the wrist and digits (fist, the tendon that pops out) o=medial epicondyle of humerus i=ventral surface of metacarpals II, III a=flexes and abducts palm
31
flexor carpi ulnaris
Muscle that moves the wrist and digits | -flexes and adducts palm
32
Palmaris longus
Muscle that moves the wrist and digits | -flexes palm
33
flexor digitorum superficialis
Muscle that moves the wrist and digits | -flexes phalanges
34
Flexor digitorum profundus
Muscle that moves the wrist and digits | -flexes phalanges
35
extensor carpi radialis (longus)
Muscle that moves the wrist and digits | -extends and abducts palm
36
extensor carpi ulnaris
Muscle that moves the wrist and digits | -extends and adducts palm
37
Extensor digitorum*
Muscle that moves the wrist and digits o=lateral epicondyle of humerus i= dorsal surface of phalanges a= extends phalanges and palms
38
Gluteus maximus*
Muscle that moves the thigh (posterior muscle) o=iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx i= gluteal tuberosity of femur a= Extends thigh (hip joint) and laterally rotates thigh (pulls posterior)
39
Gluteus Medius
Muscle that moves the thigh (deep to the maximus in front of the hip joint) -abducts and medially rotates thigh
40
Gluteus Minimus
Muscle that moves the thigh (deep to medius in front of hip joint) -abducts and medially rotates thigh
41
Tensor fasciae of tibia
Muscle that moves the thigh (very lateral muscle, pulls thigh outward) -tenses lateral fascia, flexes thigh (hip) and abducts thigh
42
Adductor longus*
Muscle that moves the thigh (runs down medial side) o=pubis i= linia aspera of femur a= adducts thigh
43
Adductor magnus
Muscle that moves the thigh | -Adducts thigh
44
adductor Brevis
Muscle that moves the thigh | -adducts thigh
45
Quadraceps femoris*
Muscle that act on the leg (all muscles insert on tibial tuberosity, 4 different orgins) - rectus femoris - vastus lateralis - vastus lateralis - vastus medialis - vastus intermedius
46
Rectus femoris*
Muscle that act on the leg (Quadraceps femoris) o= anterior inferior iliac spine (only one that originates on the coxal bone i= tibial tuberosity fia patellar ligament a= extends knee, flexes thigh (hip) (only quad with action at hip joint, pulls hip forward)
47
Vastus Lateralis*
Muscle that act on the leg (Quadraceps femoris) o= greater trochanter and lateral to aspera of femer i= tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament a= extends leg (straightens knee)
48
Vastus midalis*
Muscle that act on the leg (Quadraceps femoris) o=medial to linea aspera of femur i=tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament a=extends leg
49
Vastus intermedius*
Muscle that act on the leg (Quadraceps femoris) o=anterior surface of femur i=tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament a=extends leg
50
Hamstrings*
Muscle that act on the leg ( posterior thigh muscle 3 muscles make up) - Biceps femoris - semitendinosus - semimembranosus
51
Biceps Femoris*
Muscle that act on Leg (part of hamstring) o= ischial tuberosity and linea aspera (2 orgins) i= lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula (lateral shin bone) a=flexes leg (knee), extends thigh (hip)
52
Semitendinosus*
Muscle that act on Leg (part of hamstring) o= Ischial tuberosity i= Medial surface of proximal tibia a= Flexes leg and extends thigh
53
Semimembranosus*
``` Muscle that act on Leg (part of hamstring) (most medial "more m's in the name) Most medial on thigh o= ischial tuberosity i= medial condyle of dibia a= flexes leg and extends thigh ```
54
Gracilis
Muscle that act on Leg (long medial muscle running the inner thigh) a= flexes leg and adducts thigh
55
Satorius
Muscle that act on Leg (crisscross) | a= flex thigh and leg, rotates thigh laterally
56
Tibialis Anterior
Muscle that moves the foot and toes (antagonist of gastrocnemius) a=dorsiflex foot
57
Extensor digitorum longus* Longus=leg
Muscle that moves the foot and toes o= Lateral condyle of tibia, anterior surface of fibula i= dorsal surface of phalanges 2-5 a= extends toes, dorsiflex foot
58
Peroneus longus
Muscle that moves the foot and toes (aka fibularis) | a= planter flexes (stand on toes)
59
Gastrocnemius*
Muscle that moves the foot and toes (huge calf muscle) o=Above lateral and medial condyles of femur i= calcaneus by way of achilles tendon a=planter flexes foot and flexes knee
60
Soleus
Muscle that moves the foot and toes (deep to gastrocnemius) | a= planter flexes foot
61
Flexor digitorum longus*
Muscle that moves the foot and toes o=posterior surface of tibia i= distal phalanges 2-5 a= flexes toes (curls toes), planter flexes foot
62
External abdominal oblique*
Muscle of the abdominal wall (most superficial) o= lower 8 ribs i= linia alba and iliac crest a=compresses abdomen (sucking it in), flexes spine (doesnt attach but allows movement), depresses ribs
63
Internal abdominal oblique (@ angle)
Muscle of the abdominal wall (deep to external) | a=compresses abdomen, flexes spine, depresses ribs
64
Transversus Abdominis
Muscle of the abdominal wall | a= compresses abdomen
65
Rectus Abdominis*
Muscle of the abdominal wall (deep to the oblique, aka 6 pack, covered in apanorisis) o= xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 i= symphysis pubis a= compresses abdomen, flexes vertebral column, depresses ribs
66
Diaphragm
Muscle used in breathing | a= increases size of thoracic cavity for breathing
67
External intercostals*
Muscle used in breathing o=one rib i=to the next a= breathing (elevates ribs)
68
Internal intercostals*
Muscle used in breathing o=one rib i=to the next a= breathing (elevates ribs)
69
Erector Spinae
Muscles that move the vertebral column | a= extends the vertebral column
70
occipitalis
Muscle of facial expression | a=draws scalp backward

Anatomy and Physiology (29 decks)

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