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Occlusion > Muscles of Mastication > Flashcards

Muscles of Mastication Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

skeletal bones (3)

A

maxilla
mandible
temporal bone

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2
Q

how many maxillary bones?

A

2

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3
Q

2 maxillary bones are fused together at the

A

mid palatal suture

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4
Q

superior border

A

floor of the nasal cavity and orbit

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5
Q

inferior border

A

palate and alveolar ridge

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6
Q

components of the maxilla

A

body

processes

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7
Q

maxilla processes (4)

A

zygomatic
frontal
alveolar
palatine

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8
Q

largest and strongest bone on the skull

A

mandible

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9
Q

components of the mandible (2)

A

body

ramus

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10
Q

superior aspect of the mandible

A

alveolar crest and teeth

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11
Q

body (posterior aspect) of the mandible (4)

A

mandibular angle
ascending ramus
-coronoid process
-condyle

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12
Q

what does the condyle articulate with

A

the cranium

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13
Q

condyle poles

A

medial and lateral

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14
Q

mediolateral length of the condyle

A

15-20 mm

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15
Q

anterior-posterior width of condyle

A

8-10 mm

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16
Q

squamous portion of the temporal bone articulates with the

A

mandibular condyle

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17
Q

temporal bone contains the — fossa

A

articular or glenoid fossa

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18
Q

articular eminence

A

thick dense bone to tolerate heavy forces

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19
Q

two heads of masseter

A

superficial: fibers run downward and backward
deep: fibers run in a vertical direction

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20
Q

masseter origin

A

zygomatic arch

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21
Q

masseter insertion

A

lateral surface of ramus and angle of the mandible

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22
Q

masseter function (4)

A

elevates the mandible
powerful muscle providing the force for chewing
superficial head: aids in protrusion
deep head: stabilizes the condyle against the eminence

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23
Q

masseter blood supply

A

a muscular branch of the maxillary artery

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24
Q

massester nerve supply

A

masseteric nerve of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

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25
temporalis divisions (3)
anterior: vertical directed fibers middle: fibers run obliquely across lateral aspect of the skull posterior: horizontal fibers come forward above the ear to join other temporals fibers
26
temporalis origin
temporal fossa and lateral surface of the skull
27
temporalis insertion
coronoid process and anterior border of ascending ramps
28
temporalis action (3)
anterior: mandible is raised vertically middle: elevates and retrudes the mandible posterior: aids in retrusion of the mandible
29
temporalis blood supply
a muscular branch of the maxillary artery
30
temporalis nerve supply
deep temporal nerve of the mandibular division of trigeminal nerve
31
lateral (external) pterygoid heads (2)
superior lateral pterygoid | inferior lateral pterygoid
32
superior lateral pterygoid and inferior lateral pterygoid are almost
2 separate muscles
33
inferior lateral pterygoid origin
outer surface of lateral pterygoid plate
34
inferior lateral pterygoid insertion
neck of condyle
35
inferior lateral pterygoid extends (3)
backward upward outward
36
inferior lateral pterygoid actions (2)
bilateral contraction: causes the condyles to be pulled down the articular eminences and the mandible is protruded unilateral contraction: causes mediotrusive movement (downward, forward, medially)
37
smallest of the two bellies
superior lateral pterygoid
38
superior lateral pterygoid origin
infra temporal surface of the greater sphenoid wing
39
superior lateral pterygoid insertion
disk, capsule, and neck of the condyle
40
superior lateral pterygoid action (3)
inactive during mandibular opening active only with elevator muscles (closure of the mandible) power stroke
41
power stroke
this muscle is active during mandibular closure against resistance (chewing or clenching)
42
lateral pterygoid blood supply
a muscular branch of the maxillary artery
43
lateral pterygoid nerve supply
a branch of the masseteric or buccal nerve of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
44
medial internal pterygoid origin
pterygoid fossa
45
medial internal pterygoid insertion
medial surface of the mandibular angle
46
medial internal pterygoid function (3)
elevates the mandible protrudes the mandible unilateral contraction
47
medial internal pterygoid function results in
mediotrusion
48
medial internal pterygoid blood supply
a muscular branch of the maxillary artery
49
medial internal pterygoid nerve supply
a motor branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve which reaches the posterior borer of the muscle near the base of the skull
50
masseter sling (2)
masseter | medial pterygoid
51
supra hyoids as a group (4)
geniogyoid mylohyoid digastric stylohyoid
52
supra hyoids function (2)
elevate hyoid bone | depress the mandible when hyoid bone is fixed
53
geniohyoid origin
inferior genial tubercle on the inner surface of mandibular symphysis
54
geniohyoid insertion
anterior surface of body of hyoid bone
55
mylohyoid origin
line from last molar root to mandibular symphysis
56
mylohyoid insertion
median raphe from chin to hyoid bone
57
digastric bellies (2)
anterior | posterior
58
digastric origin (2)
the posterior belly, longer than the anterior, arises from the mastoid process the anterior belly arises from a depression on the inner side of the lower border of the mandible, close to the kyphosis
59
digastric insertion
hyoid bone
60
depression of the mandible: contraction (2) relaxation (3)
contraction: inferior lateral pteryhoids digastric relaxation: masseters medial pterygoids temporalis
61
elevation of the mandible: contraction (4) relaxation (2)
``` contraction: masseters medial pterygoid temporalis superior lateral pterygoid ``` relaxation: inferior lateral pterygoid digastric
62
right lateral movement: contraction (1) relaxation (2)
contraction: left inferior lateral pterygoid relaxation: right inferior lateral pterygoid slight relaxation of elevators
63
left lateral movement: contraction (1) relaxation (2)
contraction: right inferior lateral pterygoid relaxation: left inferior lateral pterygoid slight relaxation of elevators
64
protrusion | contraction:
inferior lateral pterygoids mainly assisted by masters and medial pterygoids
65
retrusion | contraction:
temporalis

Occlusion (15 decks)

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