muscles of tongue

Question 1

intrinsic muscle: superior longitudinal

Answer 1

shortens and widens the tongue, curling upwards

Question 2

intrinsic muscle: inferior longitudinal

Answer 2

shortens and thickens the tongue, curl the apex

Question 3

intrinsic muscle: transverse

Answer 3

elongate and narrow tongue

Question 4

intrinsic muscle: vertical

Answer 4

flatten and widen tongue

Question 5

extrinsic muscle: genioglossus

Answer 5

origin: mandibular symphysis
insertion: body of hyoid bone
action: protrusion and depression of the tongue
innervation: hypoglossal nerve

Question 6

extrinsic muscle: hypoglossus

Answer 6

origin: hyoid bone
insertion: lateral aspect of tongue
action: depression and retraction of tongue
innervation: hypoglossal nerve

Question 7

extrinsic muscle: styloglossus

Answer 7

origin: styloid process
insertion: lateral aspect of tongue
action: retraction and elevation of tongue
innervation: hypoglossal nerve

Question 8

extrinsic muscle: palatoglossus

Answer 8

origin: palatine aponeurosis
insertion: broadly along tongue
action: elevation of posterior tongue
innervation: vagus nerve