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Flashcards in Myocardial infarction Deck (8)
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1
Q

Define MI in one sentence

A

Sustained ischaemia, causing irreversible myocardial cell death (necrosis). Demand for myocardial o2 exceeds the ability of the coronary arteries to supply the heart with 02.

2
Q

Define angina in one sentence

A

Reversible myocardial ischaemia

3
Q

What are the presenting characteristics for MI?

A

Nausea and vomiting, fever, severe, immobilising CP not relieved by rest, position change or nitrate administration. Describes as heaviness, pressure, tightness, burning
-Discomfort, weakness or SOB, fatigue, changes in mental status, arrhythmia.

4
Q

What are the common complications for a patient following a MI?

A

Arrhythmia- 80-90% pts, HF, cardiogenic shock, papillary muscle dysfunction, ventricular aneurysm, pericarditis

5
Q

How is an MI diagnosed?

A

ECG findings- changes in QRS complex, ST segment and T wave depression
Serum cardiac markers- proteins from necrotic heart muscle after MI
Angiography

6
Q

What are the aims of collaborative care for a patient following an MI?

A

Preserve cardiac muscle- stop infarction process

7
Q

What nursing management is required for a patient following an MI?

A
Position patient upright
02 therapy if pt SOB/ sats below 92
Vital signs
12 lead ECG
Pain relief with nitrate
Opioid if needed
Heart and breath sounds
Pain assessment and relief
Physiological monitoring 
Rest and comfort 
Alleviate
Stress and anxiety
8
Q

What are some common drugs given to patients who have had an MI?

A
IV GTN, dual anti-platelet therapy- aspirin, clopidogrel
Systemic anticoagulation with either LMWH or IV UH
Morphine
B-blockers
ACE inhibitors
Anti-arrhythmic drugs
Lipid lowering drugs
Stool softners