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Dermatology > Nails > Flashcards

Flashcards in Nails Deck (25)
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1
Q

What is the hyponychium

A

The epithelium under the free edge of the nail plate on the nail

2
Q

What is the eponychium

A

i.e. the cuticle or nail fold

3
Q

What is the paronychium

A

Where the nail and skin meet at the side of the nail

4
Q

What are Beau’s lines

A

horizontal line across nail plate due to transient arrest in nail growth

5
Q

Causes of Beau’s lines

A

acute stress/illness

6
Q

nail signs seen in psoriasis

A

subungual hyperkeratosis
nail dystrophy
onycholysis
pitting

7
Q

What is onychomycosis

A

tinea unguium - fungal infection of the nail

8
Q

Bacteria causing acute paronychia

A

Staph. aureus

Strep. pyogenes

9
Q

Main cause of chronic paronychia

A

Candida

10
Q

Appearance of nail in chronic paronychia

A

Absence of paronychial swelling

dystrophic nail

11
Q

Who most commonly gets chronic paronychia

A

People who have their hands wet a lot - cleaners or hairdressers

12
Q

Tx of periungual viral warts

A

cryotherapy, salicylic acid

13
Q

Most common fungus causing a fungal nail infection

A

Trichophyton rubrum

14
Q

Typical presentation of fungal nail infection

A

Dystrophic uneven nail surfaces

15
Q

Tx of fungal nail infections

A

Topical antifungal agent

16
Q

What is a subungual haematoma

A

A collection of blood underneath the nail

17
Q

Causes of a subungual haematoma

A

Trauma

18
Q

What differentiates a subungual haematoma from a malignant melanoma

A

Subungual haematoma - absence of involvement of nail fold

Malignant melanoma - involvement of nail fold

19
Q

Hutchison’s sign

A

Sign of nail malignant melanoma - involvement of nail fold

20
Q

What is a myxoid cyst

A

small cystic lesion in nail folds

21
Q

presentation of myxoid cyst

A

depression of vertical nail plate due to pressure on the plate

22
Q

What is a periungual fibroma

A

growth of the nail fold

23
Q

Condition where periungual fibromas are seen

A

Tuberose Sclerosis

24
Q

What is a periungual fibroma also known as

A

Koenen’s tumour

25
Q

Presentation of lichen planus in the nails

A

longitudinal ridging

+/- scarring of nail plate is cuticle is destroyed