Natal Growth

Question 1

Which part of the skull has a mix of somatic and neural growth?

Answer 1

Cranial base

Question 2

What has faster growth, somatic or neural?

Answer 2

Neural

Question 3

How many fontanelles do we have and what are they?

Answer 3

6 membranous gaps between bones

Question 4

What does the first arch make?

Answer 4

Mandible and meckels cartilage

Question 5

What does the cranial base separate?

Answer 5

Cranial vault

Face

Question 6

Describe the epiphyseal plate

Answer 6

Resting
Proliferative
Hypertrophic
Metaphyseal plate

Question 7

Describe a condylar plate

Answer 7

Articular cartilage
Prechondroblasts 
Chondroblasts 
Hypertrophic
Bone

Question 8

What fuses to unite the eyes and when?

Answer 8

Cribiform
Ethmoid
3 years

Question 9

When does the mandible fuse?

Answer 9

10 weeks

Question 10

What unites the mandible and when?

Answer 10

Symphysial cartilage

1 years

Question 11

When does the frontal bone, sphenoid body and sphenoid wings fuse? Where are these bones?

Answer 11

Years 1 and 2

Behind the eyes

Question 12

Where is the styloid process found?

Answer 12

Extends down just below the ear

Question 13

What type of ossification does the body and head have?

Answer 13

The body is endochondral

The head is endochondral and intramembranous

Question 14

What areas of the head are endochondral? (4)

Answer 14

Optic capsule
Second pharyngeal arch cartilage
Nasal capsule
Cranial base

Question 15

What’s the name of a secondary cartilaginous joint? Give 2 examples

Answer 15

Symphysis
Condylar cartilage
Fibrocartilage

Question 16

What’s the name of a primary cartilaginous joint? Give 3 examples

Answer 16

Synchondrosis
Hyaline cartilage
Nasal septum
Cranial base

Question 17

What is at the front of the mandible?

Answer 17

Mental foramen

Question 18

Where is the coronoid and condylar?

Answer 18

Condylar is nearest to the ears

Question 19

What tissue forms the top and bottom halves of the skull?

Answer 19

Top: mesoderm
Bottom: NCC

Question 20

What is a suture?

Answer 20

Fibrous joint

Question 21

When does the anterior fontanelle shut?

Answer 21

2 years

Question 22

What is a fontanelle?

Answer 22

Membranous spot where 3 or more bones converge

Question 23

When does the sphenoidal fontanelle shut?

Answer 23

3 months

Question 24

When does the mastoid fontanelle shut? Posterior?

Answer 24

3 months

Question 25

Name the 2 lines which divide the roof of the mouth into 4

Answer 25

Down straight is the median palatine and across is transverse palatine

Question 26

What is the cambium layer?

Answer 26

Has undifferentiated cells

Question 27

What is the skull also called?

Answer 27

Calvaria

Question 28

Is cleft palate more common in girls or boys and why?

Answer 28

Girls as theirs fuse later

Question 29

Which nerve supplies the 4th arch? What does it form?

Answer 29

10th cranial | Thyroid and larynx cartilage

Question 30

Which nerve supplies the 6th arch? What does it form?

Answer 30

Recurrent laryngeal | Larynx muscles and cartilage

Question 31

Which nerve supplies the 3rd arch? What does it form?

Answer 31

Glossopharyngeal (9th cranial) | Hyoid and stylopharyngeaus muscle

Question 32

Which nerve supplies the 2nd arch? What does it form? What is it also known as?

Answer 32

``` 7th nerve (facial) Hyloid, styloid and skull base ```

Question 33

Where is the styloid?

Answer 33

From ear to hyoid at chin

Question 34

What is the notochord?

Answer 34

Cartilagenous skeletal rod

Question 35

What is on top of the first arch?

Answer 35

Stomatodeum

Question 36

How many arches are there?

Answer 36

1, 2, 3, 4 and 6

Question 37

Where are the cleft and pouches?

Answer 37

Cleft are on inside and pouches on the outside

Question 38

What are the 3 things inside each arch?

Answer 38

Nerve Artery Cartilage

Question 39

Which nerve supplies the 1st arch? What does it form? What is it also known as?

Answer 39

Midbrain and meckels cartilage Trigeminal nerve (5th cranial) Pharyngeal

Question 40

Where do the soft and hard palate join?

Answer 40

Incisal foramen

Question 41

What are rhombomeres?

Answer 41

Come from the neural tube there are 5 of them forming the hind brain

Question 42

What are somites and somatomeres?

Answer 42

Along side the developing neural tube, somites are not fused but somatomeres are

Question 43

What do pouches 1, 2, 3 and 4 make?

Answer 43

Ear Palate Parathyroid and thyroid Same

Question 44

At what stage does the shape of the tooth form?

Answer 44

Bell

Question 45

How are ectoderm and mesenchyme involved in tooth growth?

Answer 45

Ectoderm forms it but the mesenchyme picks the type of tooth

Question 46

When does the enamel knot form?

Answer 46

Cap stage

Question 47

What is tooth morphogenesis?

Answer 47

Determining the shape of the crown by cell proliferation

Question 48

When does the dental lamina break down?

Answer 48

Bell stage

Question 49

What causes the enamel knot to form?

Answer 49

Mesenchymal signals