National Board: Science Portion Flashcards by Brandi Zapalac

The Depressor Anguli Oris is also known as the ____ muscle.

Triangularis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A ____ is an elongated PROMINENCE adjoining a surface

Fold

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Anatomical guide used to raise the brachial artery?

Biceps Brachii

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Used to raise the axillary artery

Coracobrachialis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The MOST medial of the hand and lies LATERAL of the flexor digitorum superficialis.

Flexor Carpi Radialis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The medial boundary of the femoral triangle?

Adductor Longus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

____ are red blood cells and are the most numerous corpuscles

Erythrocytes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Starts in the left ventricle and ends in the right atrium

Systemic flow of blood

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Streptococci and Diplococci are both what?

BACTERIA!

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Small ROD shaped and causes high fever that can last for a long time commonly referred to as “Rabbit fever”

Francisella Tularensis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Allergic disease that causes an immediate reaction with a tubercle as the lesion left VERY HIGHLY LIPID LEVELS IN CELL WALL

Tuberculosis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Small ROD shaped and known as “Black Death” because it causes black lymph nodes

Yersinia Pestsis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

An STD that causes chancre sores

Treponema Pallidum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Moist gangrene spreads ____

Quickly

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dry gangrene spreads ____

Slowly

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Gas gangrene is ____ and is caused from clostridium perfringes

Infectious

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Reduction of blood supply to an organ

Ischemia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Malignant tumor of fatty connective tissue

Liposarcoma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

____ or “sulcus” is a CREVICE with an adjacent elevation

Furrow

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The medium nose of the yellow “asian” race

Messorrhine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Groove at the end of the line of mouth closure is: ____ and is a: ____ facial marking

Angulus Oris Sulcus

Natural

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Derma wax is known as

Medium Wax

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Malignant tumor of the nervous tissue; BRAIN TUMOR

Glioma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Furrow originating from the wing of the nose to edge of the mouth is: ____ and is a: ____ facial marking

Nasolabio Sulcus

Acquired

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The anterior fold of the cheek which descends laterally along the upper lip from the wing of the nose is the: ____ and is a : ____ facial marking

Nasolabial Fold | Natural

The junction of the lower integumentary lip and the superior chin is the : ____ and is a: ____

Labiomental Sulcus | Natural

Cn2+2 is the chemical formula for: ____

AlkANES

Cn2-2 is the chemical formula for: _____

AlkYNES

Generalized massive edema throughout subcutaneous tissue is ____

Anasarca

Accumulation of free serous fluid (edema) in the abdomal cavity: ____

Ascites

An abnormal development of tissue: ____

Dysplasia

Pus in the pleural cavity (lungs): ____

Empyemia

Loss of blood where life can no longer be sustained: _____

Exsanguination

The increased size of an organ or part due to the excessive but regulated increase in its number of cells: _____

Hyperplasia

The enlargement of an organ or part due to the increase in size of cells composing it:____

Hypertrophy

Underdevelopment of a tissue, organ or the body: ____

Hypoplasia

Increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood: ____

Leukocytosis

Abnormal reduction in the number of white blood cells in the blood: ____

Leukopenia

Bacillus "Bacilli" are ____ shaped.

Rod

A double bacillus, two being linked end to end: ____

Diplobacilli

Coccus "Cocci" is ___ shaped

Spherical/Round

Bacteria that occurs in pairs in such like spheres : ____

Diplococcus

Coxiella Bunetii is a ____ disease.

Rickettsia

Streptobacilli is a rod shaped bacteria occuring in: ____

Chains

Streptococci is a _____ shaped bacteria occuring in chains

Spherical

Decrease in body temperature immediately BEFORE death: ____

Algonal Algor

The escape of blood serum from an intravascular to an extravascular location immediately BEFORE death: ____

Agonal Edema

Increase in body temperature immediately BEFORE death: ____

Algonal Fever

Post mortem cooling of the body to the surrounding temperature: ____

Algor Mortis

Before death means: ____

Antemortem

Necrosis, death of tissues of part of the body usually due to deficient or absent blood supply: ____

Gangrene

Decomposition of fats: ____

Lipolysis

Movement of the embalming fluids FROM the capillaries TO the tissues: ____

Diffusion

Postmortem, intravascular, red-blue discoloration resulting from hypostasis of blood: ____

Livor Mortis/Cadaveric Lividity

Extravascular color change that occurs when heme, released by hemolysis or red blood cells, seep through the vessel walls and into the body tissues: ____

Postmortem Stain

Decomposition of proteins: ____

Proteolysis

Postmortem stiffening of the body muscles by natural body processes: ____

Rigor Mortis

Decomposition of sugars: ____

Saccharolysis

A color not found in the visible spectrum; a neutral color such as white, gray, or black: ____

Achromatic Color

The settling of blood to the dependent parts of the body : ____

Hypostasis

The bacterial decomposition of carbohydrates: ____

Fermentation

Bacille is ____ shaped

Rod/Capsule

Staph and Strept infections are: ____

Bacteria

Corynebacterium Dyptheriae's type of lesion: ____ and is: ____

Pseudomembrane Rod Shaped

Treponemia Pallidum's lesion is: ____ and is: _____ shaped

Chancre/Gumma Spirochete

What is not included in systemic circulation of blood?

Lungs

Where are the papillary muscles found in the heart?

(L) & R Ventricles

The face can be divided between what three equal parts?

Vertex of the Cranium Line of Eye closure Base of the Chin

Surfaces exhibiting similarity of bilateral curvature

Forehead Cheeks Superior "Upper" Lips Chin

What is the standard WL of adult trocar?

16-18"

What is the standard WL of an infant trocar?

The white crumbly substance that begins within days of death and becomes visible in about 3 months: _____

Adipocere "Grave Wax"

Staphyloccoci grows together in: ____

Clusters like grapes

Streptobacilli grows together (usually longer than two) in: ____

Chains

Diplobacilli grows together in: ____ usually end to end or one on top of each other

Pairs

What are the anatomical guides for locating the ear?

External Auditory Meatus Zygomatic Arch Mandibular Fossa Mastoid Process

What will remove ink stains from the skin?

Lemon Juice | Petroleum Jelly

``` Cause of death Body Conditions Discolorations Postmortem changes Drugs are all: ____ factors ```

Intrinsic

Environmental Postmortem interval Embalmer are all: ____ factors

Extrinsic

Sodium citrates, EDTA, Borax, and Sodium Phosphates are: ____

Buffers

Considerations using the: ____ artery is that the veins are relatively superficial, close to the center of circulation, and close to the face so danger of over injection of the face.

Axillary

What side of the heart is high (RED BLOOD) in oxygen?

Left

What side of the heart is low (BLUE BLOOD) in oxygen?

Right

What is the most "leak proof" stitch with a prominent ridge?

Lock "Whip or Draw" Stitch

Movement of fluid FROM the point of injection TO the capillaries: ____

Fluid Distribution

The primary reason for embalming?

DISINFECTION!

Round shaped diplococcus that is the most commonly reported STD

Neisseria Gonorrhera

``` Typhus Fever Q Fever Chlamydia Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Psittacosis Tachoma Lyphogranulom Venerum NGU/NSU are all _____ infections ```

Rickettsia

The most common site of thrombosis: ____

Blood Vessels

The process of which there is a free floating object in the blood during life: ____

Embolism

Excess tissue fluid in the thoracic cavity:____

Hydrothrorax

Blue discoloration (especially upper extremities) caused by the lack of oxygen in the tissues: ____

Cyanosis

Where is the distended bladder located in the 9 region plan?

Hypogastric

In this method of drainage; drainage and injection is never done at the same time: ____

Alternate Drainage

What type of incision is used in emaciated or low neckline clothing: ____

Supraclavicular

What artery TERMINATES at the lateral border of the the first right rib?

Subclavian

What muscle is used as the anatomical guide to raise the iliac artery?

Psoas Major

What artery BEGINS at the lateral border of the first right rib?

Axillary

What muscle is used to separate the axillary artery from the brachial artery?

Teres Major

The progressive arrangement of colors (ROY G BIV) when a beam of light is broken down into component colors: ____

Spectrum

Variations of one hue: ____

Monochromatic Hue

Any two hues placed side by side: _____

Juxtaposition

____ is when the blood circulation slows and the formed elements of the blood begin to clot.

Agonal Coagulation

What three things are associated in the agonal stage?

Moribund Period Death Rattle Death Struggle

What is the accompanying vein(s) for the Aortic Artery?

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

_____ is found midway between the medial malleolus and calcaneous tendon

Posterior (Back) Tibial Artery

What is found along the lateral margin of the inferior third of the crest of the tibia: ____

Anterior (Front) Tibial Artery

What is the center of circulation of embalming?

Arch of Aorta

The reason the right side of the heart has blue blood is because the right atrium and right ventricle: ____

Pumps un-oxygenated blood into the pulmonary veins

The reason the left side of the heart has red blood is because the left atrium and left ventricle: ____

Receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins

An elongated DEPRESSION on a relatively level plane or surface: ____

Groove

``` Nasolabial Sulcus Tranverse Frontal Sulci Interciliary Sulci Superior Palpebral Sulci Inferior Palpebral Sulcus Bucco-Facial Sulcus Mandibular Sulcus Labial Sulci Platysmal Sulci Cords of the neck Optic Facial Sulci Natural or Acquired? ```

Acquired

``` Phitrum Nasolabial Fold Nasal Sulcus Oblique Palpebral Sulcus Angulus Oris Eminence Angulus Oris Sulcus Labiomental Sulcus Submental Sulcus Dimples Natural or Acquired? ```

Natural

Cancer, Osteomyelitis, and Paget's diesease all are prone to do what?

Predispose a bone to break

What are the two methods for restoring color in a deceased person?

Internal & External Methods

What are the warm areas of the face?

``` Cheeks Chin Ears Lips Foreheads (Males) ```

A substance used to impart color to an object , just as dye, pigment, ink, or pant: ____

Colorant

The period immediately before somatic death: ____

Agonal Period

In the PRESENCE of free oxygen: ____

Aerobic

In the ABSENCE of free oxygen: ____

Anaerobic

A term applied to a number of pathological conditions causing a thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries: ____

Arteriosclerosis

Self destruction of cells is: ____

Autolysis

Eyelashes are: ____

Cilia

Eyebrows are: ____

Supercilia

Anaerobic, saprophytic, spore-forming bacterium, responsible for tissue gas: ____

Clostridium Perfringes

Decomposition of proteins BY ENZYMES OF AEROBIC BACTERIA: ____

Decay

The settling of of fluids by gravitational force to the dependent areas of the body: ____

Gravity Filtration

Depression between the mental eminence and the inferior incisor teeth: ____

Incisive Fossa

Plastic garmet that covers the entire body: _____

Unionall

The process by which suspended particles settle to the bottom of a liquid is: ____

Sedimentation

Arterial tubes connections can be identified as which of the following? a. ) Quick-Clamp b. ) Threaded c. ) Slip-Type d. ) Luer-Lock

b. ) Threaded c. ) Slip - Lock d. ) Luer - Lock

A secondary injection point used to clear the hand and fingers is: ____

Ulnar Artery

Which of the following injection sites should be used when embalming a newborn infant? a. ) Ascending Aorta b. ) Right Common Carotid c. ) Abdominal Aorta d. ) Right Brachial Artery

a. ) Ascending Aorta b. ) Right Common Carotid c. ) Abdominal Aorta

Minerals that cause hard water also create problems in embalming because they promote: _____

Blood Clotting

Which of the following may be used in the preparation of an autopsied body? a. ) Kapoc b. ) Wetting Agent c. ) Anhydrous Lime d. ) Hardening Compound

d.) Hardening Compound

In regards to the formaldehyde exposure level readings, the action level is: ____ a. ) 0.5 ppm b. ) 1.0 ppm c. ) 1.5 ppm d. ) 2.0 ppm

a.) 0.5 ppm

When embalming an autopsied body, which of the following arteries should the funeral practitioner use to obtain the most complete fluid distribution to the upper extremities: _____ a. ) Ulna b. ) Brachial c. ) Subclavian d. ) Common Carotid

c.) Subclavian

Low index fluids used to inhibit bilirubin from converting to biliverdin are known as: ____ a. ) Humectants b. ) Surfactants c. ) Buffers d. ) Jaundice Fluids

d.) Jaundice Fluids

An arterial hemostat is useful to the embalmer for: ____ a. ) Clamping a vessel b. ) Assisting drainage c. ) Closing an incision d. ) Reducing tissue distention

a.) Clamping off a vessel

What organ should be given special attention to when embalming a baby? a. ) Liver b. ) Lungs c. ) Kidneys d. ) Brain

d.) Brain

Continuous drainage during injection is called: ____ a. ) Alternate b. ) Concurrent c. ) Interrupted d. ) Intermittent

b.) Concurrent

A suture commonly used to close a trocar puncture is the: ____ a. ) Whip Stitch b. ) Intradermal c. ) Purse String d. ) Basket Weave

c.) Purse String

Within the 9-region plan of abdominal division, the central region is termed the: ____ a. ) Inguinal b. ) Umbilical c. ) Peritoneal d. ) Hypogastric

b.) Umbilical

A death was from natural causes, but the body is refrigerated for 24 hours prior to embalming. No autopsy is performed, In order to minimize abdominal distention and prevent purge, it is important to: ____ a. ) Inject Slowly b. ) Inject a strong arterial solution c. ) Embalm the head first d. ) Embalm the lower extremities

a.) Inject slowly

When embalming the average adult weighting from 125 to 175 pounds, the minimum volumn of arterial injection fluid is: ____ a. ) 1 - 2 gallons b. ) 3 - 4 gallons c. ) 5 - 6 gallons d. ) 7 - 8 gallons

b.) 3 - 4 gallons

A thrombus in the iliac veins would: ____ a. ) Decrease drainage from the upper extremities b. ) Decrease drainage from the lower extremities c. ) Increase circulation to upper extremities d. ) Increase circulation to lower extremities

b.) Decrease drainage from the lower extremities

When a body exhibits an increased or excessive amount of bilirubin, the embalming is BEST done with: ____ a. ) Jaundice Fluids b. ) Accessory Fluids c. ) Coinjection Fluids d. ) Preinjection Fluids

a.) Jaundice fluids

A coffee ground appearance and foul odor would designate postmortem purge originating from the: _____ a. ) Stomach b. ) Brain c. ) Lungs d. ) Esophagus

a.) Stomach

During a telephone call from an out of state relative of the deceased, verbal authorization was NOT secured. To later charge for the embalming that was performed, the funeral practitioner must: ____ 1. Inform the relative of the embalming and the cost 2. Inform the relative of the embalming, make disclosure, and request written authorization 3. Inform the relative of the oversight and indicate that embalming is required by law 4. Include the cost under the basic staff services

2. Inform the relative of the embalming, make disclosure, and request written authorization

Which of the following vaccines MUST be offered to removal personnel? a. ) Polio b. ) Tetanus c. )Smallpox d. ) Hepatitis B

d.) Hepatitis B

An example of an extravehicular resistance to fluid distribution would be: _____ a. ) Thrombi b. ) Rigor Mortis c. ) Blood Viscosity d. ) Arteriosclerosis

b.) Rigor Mortis

A device that uses water pressure to produce a vacuum from removal of fluids and gas in the visceral cavities is a: ____ a. ) Trocar b. ) Cannula c. ) Bulb Syringe d. ) Hydroaspirator

d.) Hydroaspirator

When posing features, the eyelids should: ____

Abut

More water can be removed from tissues with embalming fluids that are: ____ a. ) Surfactants b. ) Anticoagulants c. ) Hypotonic Solutions d. ) Hypertonic Solutions

d.) Hypertonic Solutions

A clean 'L' shaped cut is observed on the right cheek. Which of the following most be done to prepare for cosmetizing: ____

Coat the inferior of the cut with a powder incision sealer and use a double intradermal suture

A person is to be embalmed, viewed, and shipped from the USA to a tropical country. The length of time between death and final disposition will be 6 weeks with a viewing here and abroad. Which of the following should the embalmer do?

Ensure the body is in a hermetically sealed case and use a moderate-strength arterial fluid

Which branch of the aortic arch provides the blood supply to the right upper extremities: ____

Brachiocephalic

When embalming severely dehydrated remains the embalmer should use: _____

MORE Humectants than anything

Fingerprint ink is best removed with: ____ a. ) Iodine b. ) Gasoline c. ) Humectant Fluid d. ) Warm Soap and Water

d.) Warm Soap and Water

Differential pressure is important to a funeral practitioner because it demonstrates: ____ a. ) Rate of Flow b. ) Blood Vessel Pressure c. ) Pressure in the reservoir d. ) Vascular resistance and fluid flow

a.) Rate of flow

Which of the following discolorations can usually be removed by venous drainage? a. ) Algor Mortis b. ) Livor Mortis c. ) Pigmentary Atrophy d. ) Exanthematous Discolorations

b.) Livor Mortis

Facial lacerations should be treated using which of the following sutures? a. ) Baseball b. ) Worm c. ) Intradermal d. ) Purse-String

c.) Intradermal

Which of the following orifices would MOST likely require packing following the embalming of a patient who died with ulcerative colitis? a. )Anal b. ) Oral c. ) Cadiac d. ) Atroventricular

a.) Anal

Points of origin and points of termination in relation to adjacent structures refer to: ____ a. ) Linear Guides b. ) Linear Limits c. ) Anatomical Limits d. ) Anatomical Guides

c.) Anatomical Limits

When attempting to locate the femoral artery, the process can be facilitated by locating which of the following muscles: ____ a. ) Sartorius b. ) Coracobrachialis c. ) Adductor Longus d. ) Sternocleidomastoid

a. ) Sartorius | c. ) Adductor Longus

What plane or section would be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity: _____ a. ) Frontal b. ) Sagittal c. ) Transverse d. ) Midsagittal

c.) Transverse

Glycols are used as: ____ a. ) Dyes b. ) Ketones c. ) Humectants d. ) Disinfectants

c.) Humectants

Which of the following fluids should the funeral practitioner use to embalm a body diagnosed with chronic renal failure? a. ) Masking b. ) Bleaching c. ) Low Index d. ) High Index

d.) High Index

The component of arterial fluid that is designed to decrease to decrease the molecular at the surface of a liquid is a: ____ a. ) Buffer b. ) Surfactant c. ) Vehicle d. ) Preservative

b.) Surfactant

Which of the following is the final and positive sign of death? a. ) Algor Mortis b. ) Rigor Mortis c. )Cadaveric Lividity d. ) Generalized Decomposition

d.) Generalized Decomposition

Which superficial dermatomycosis increases when associated with AIDS? a. ) Candidiasis b. ) Cyrptcocosis c. ) Histoplasmosis d. ) Coccidioidomycosis

a.) Candidiasis

Which of the following is the principal causative agent of puerperal sepsis? a. ) Candidiasis b. ) Streptococci c. ) Staphylococcus d. ) Cryptoccosis

b.) Streptococci

The pathological death of cells or tissues within the living body is called: ____ a. ) Necrosis b. ) Nephritis c. ) Necropolis d. ) Necrobiosis

d.) Necrobiosis

A disease which is typically bloodborne is: ____ a. ) Gonorrhea b. ) Parotitis c. ) Hepatitis A d. ) Hepatitis B

d.) Hepatitis B

Which of the following conditions would be caused by a thrombus as evidenced during embalming? a. ) Dimished Distribution b. ) Edema c. ) Intravascular Resistance d. ) Atrophy

a. ) Dimished Distribution | c. ) Intravascular Resistance

National Board: Science Portion Flashcards

(175 cards)