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Flashcards in Nazi Politics and government Deck (28)
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1
Q

When was Hitler sworn in as chancellor?

A

30th January 1933 Hitler was sworn in as chancellor of a conservative government not a Nazi one.

2
Q

Name 5 limitations of Hitler’s position as chancellor?

A

.Subject to the whim of Hindenburg
.Only two other Nazi’s in the cabinet.
.Strong opposition parties like SPD opposed them
.Media was not under Nazi control
.Radicals in Nazi movement like Rohm might challenge Hitler for leadership.

3
Q

How was Hitler able to seize control?

A

Conservatives didn’t want a civil war, or the communists getting in so they allowed Hitler in a conservative government.

4
Q

What was the reichstag fire?

A

Young communist boy burnt down reichstag

5
Q

What was the impact of the reichstag fire?

A

Hitler was given decree and used the power to arrest and disband the KPD.

6
Q

What was the enabling act?

A

March 1933, enabling act meant cabinet decisions didn’t need to go through reichstag or have presidential approval.

7
Q

What was the Night of the long knives?

A

.After fearing Rohm taking over, Hitler ordered the Murder of Rohm and the SA leaders, by the ss, then the army swore to fight for them.

8
Q

What was the law for reconstruction of the state?

A

Removal of state government and centralisation of power in Berlin.

9
Q

Name three Nazi ideas?

A

.National socialism
.Superiority of the Aryan race
.Authoritarian government and a strong leader.

10
Q

Name three ways they retained power by change of the constitution and political system?

A

.Role of Chancellor and Fuhrer were merged.
.Reichstag dissolved itself.
.Only referendums on popular issues.

11
Q

How did the institutions change?

A

.No change to actual institutions

.New institutions built on top like Hitler Youth.

12
Q

Name the four main ways the nazis used to consolidate their power?

A

.Hitler was appointed chancellor and was approved by the conservatives who wanted to use Hitler,
Instead of causing a civil war or a communist group getting in.
.February 1933 Hitler used reichstag fire to gain the ability to rule by decree from
president Hindenburg
.While this was happening there was another election and Hitler almost gained a majority
.March 1933 Reichstag signed enabling act giving all power to Hitler as he did not have to go through the reichstag
..Knight of long knives, killed Rome and the SA leaders who were considered the radical part of the party,
Then the army swore allegiance to Hitler giving him more power as Furrier with
Full control of the army.

13
Q

what are the key constitutional changes introduced by the Nazis?

A

.No longer a federal system now there was a centralised power
.less forewent elections and plebiscites only voted on popular matters.
.Only Nazi’s could run in elections
.Ballot rigging was common

14
Q

Name the ways the institutions of Germany were / were not changed

A

.Institutions were not changed no institution was destroyed or defunded
.New institutions were built on top of the old ones
.e.g. Nazi peoples courage was created and the Hitler youth

15
Q

what was the nature of Nazi rule?

A

.One party rule no opposition
.media controlled by Nazi’s and institutions
.Policy making was based of Hitlers speeches and ideas, and left to his deputies to pass
.Responsibilities were also given to several people causing chaos but appealing to Hitlers Darwinian idea that
The strong will win and therefore the competition is good.

16
Q

What was the role of police, gestapo and repression in the Nazi state?

A

.Used to keep over and rule
.People court had the same power and often killed people for not committing to the regime
And stepping out of line, even for something such as a joke.

17
Q

What was the development like in the war years?

A

.Rules got stricter and punishments were more enforced

.Hitler became less outspoken and Nazi order was a failing

18
Q

When Hitler was appointed Chancellor in January 1933, there were only two other Nazis in his cabinet. Can you name one of them?

A

Frick or Goering

19
Q

Which law was passed in March 1933, giving Hitler the power to pass laws without having to get the approval of the Reichstag?

A

Enabling Act

20
Q

Which former chancellor was killed in the Night of the Long Knives in June 1934?

A

Von Schleicher

21
Q

What did the passing of the “Law for the Reconstruction of the State” in January 1934 do? What precedent was used to do this?

A

Remove the state governments (lander) and replace with Reich ministers.

Von Papen’s “Prussian coup d’etat”

22
Q

What is the name for the Nazi concept of a ‘people’s community’, suggesting people put the needs of the nation first ?

A

Volksgemeinschaft

accept recognisable spellings

23
Q

Which organisation was targeted in the “Night of the Long Knives”? Why did Hitler do this?

A

SA, appease the army, remove those critical of his policies

24
Q

What was the term for the process of “co-ordination” and Nazification of German society?

A

Gleichschaltung

25
Q

Which organisation became increasingly important in the Nazi state, eventually developing its own military branches?

A

The SS

26
Q

Name the four leading Nazi’s that Hitler left to run Germany’s domestic affairs during the war?

A

Goering, Goebbels, Himmler, Bormann

27
Q

Elections were still held in Nazi Germany during peacetime - however what made them essentially meaningless?

A

Only candidates endorsed by the Nazis could stand.

Reichstag rarely sat.

28
Q

Why happened in the March 1933 election?

A

.Nazi’s won 43% + 7% from DNVP. (nationalists)
.Terrorised political opponents.
.Used big business funding.