NCLEX REMAR QUICK FACTS

Question 1

What is the primary symptom of GERD?

Answer 1

Heartburn (pyrosis)

Question 2

What tests confirms GERD?

Answer 2

Barium Swallow fluoroscopy

Question 3

What malfunction allows reflux in GERD?

Answer 3

lower esophageal sphincter

Question 4

what is the client teaching for GERD?

Answer 4

Low fat high protein diet, take antacids, avoid lying flat after meals

Question 5

What is the virus that causes AIDS?

Answer 5

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Question 6

How is HIV transmitted?

Answer 6

sexual intercourse, direct contact with infected blood/ body fluids ( body fluids- semen, breast milk) HIV mother gives birth to baby

Question 7

What are the symptoms of HIV

Answer 7

Fever, weight loss, night sweats, diarrhea, fatigue

Question 8

How is the presence of HIV confirmed?

Answer 8

Screening is done FIRST to see if HIV antibodies are present. The test is performed to specifically identify the HIV antibodies

Question 9

What is the screening for AIDS?

Answer 9

ELISA

Question 10

What confirms the screening test for HIV

Answer 10

Western blot

Question 11

Hos does HIV attack the body?

Answer 11

It attacks the immune system by destroying T-lymphocytes The virus also rapidly self=replicates

Question 12

What is so important about T-lymphocytes?

Answer 12

T cells help immune system + recognize and fight pathogens

Question 13

What is another name for T-Lymphocytes?

Answer 13

CD4 cells

Question 14

What is a normal cd4 count?

Answer 14

500-1500 cells/mm3

Question 15

The most important medication for HIV/ AIDS is?

Answer 15

Zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir)

Question 16

Which isolation precautions are used with HIV?

Answer 16

Universal precautions, patients do not have to tell you they have HIV, treat everyone as if they are INFECTED!

Question 17

What is the definition of ACUTE RENAL FAILURE?(ARF)

Answer 17

Sudden loss of kidney function to excrete toxins and regulate fluids/electrolytes

Question 18

What are some possible causes of ARF?

Answer 18

Infection, obstruction, shock

Question 19

What are the three phases of ARF

Answer 19

Oliguric, diuretic, recovery

Question 20

During the Oliguric phase what will you see?

Answer 20

This phase lasts one to two weeks.
Low urine output <400
hyperkalemia, hypertension, elevated BUN/creatinine
fluid overload

Question 21

What other two electrolytes will be elevated in the oliguric phase of ARF?

Answer 21

Sodium and potassium

Question 22

The diuretic phase is second in ARF what will you see?

Answer 22

Urine output slowly returns, hypokalemia, hypotension, BUN/creatinine decreases but still elevated.

Question 23

What does recovery phase mean?

Answer 23

Kidneys are recovering through a slow process, urine vl & BUN is normal

Question 24

What is the best diet for a client with ARF?

Answer 24

High carb & low protein

Question 25

Clients allergic to latex may also be allergic to which foods?

Answer 25

bananas, kiwi, chestnuts

Question 26

What standard hospital equipment contains latex?

Answer 26

Blood pressure cuffs, gloves, stethoscopes, tourniquets, band aids, and indwelling catheters

Question 27

What allergy is contraindicated for IV contrast dye?

Answer 27

iodine/shellfish allergy

Question 28

what is the positioning for post op care? AKA (above the knee) amputation

Answer 28

Elevate first 24 hours, then prone position twice daily to prevent hip flexion

Question 29

What is the positioning for post op care BKA(below the knee) amputation

Answer 29

elevate foot of bed first 24 hours, then prone position twice daily to prevent hip flexion

Question 30

What should you encourage with an amputation?

Answer 30

Expressing feelings about lost limb

Question 31

An aneurysm is a dilation formed at a weak point on the wall of an artery

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What are the symptoms of aneurysms inside the body?

Answer 32

most aneurysms inside the body have NO symptoms

Question 33

what sound would be heard on auscultation of an aneurysm

Answer 33

blowing bruit

Question 34

what are some of the risk factors of an aneurysm

Answer 34

arteriosclerosis, infection (syphilis), smoking, HTN

Question 35

What is the treatment for an aneurysm?

Answer 35

Surgery-depends on size, strict blood pressure control with medications

Question 36

What are the signs of a ruptured aneurysm?

Answer 36

Severe pain, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, decreased level of conscious, hypotension

Question 37

What is the primary symptom of anorexia nervosa

Answer 37

starvation

Question 38

what is the perception of the body with anorexia nervosa

Answer 38

distorted

Question 39

What is the usual personality type of someone with anorexia nervosa

Answer 39

perfectionist, overachievers, low esteem

Question 40

What is a major cardiac complication of anorexia?

Answer 40

Arrhythmias

Question 41

What is a majore gynecological complication of anorexia?

Answer 41

Amenorrhea

Question 42

What is the treatment involved in the recovery of anorexia

Answer 42

small, frequent meals with inpatient counseling and milieu therapy

Question 43

Commonly seen in what age range? Appendicitis?

Answer 43

10-30

Question 44

What is the classic sign of appendicitis?

Answer 44

Acute right lower abdominal pain

Question 45

what are some other signs/ symptoms of appendicitis?

Answer 45

loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, low grade fever

Question 46

Localized tenderness is found where in appendicitis?

Answer 46

McBurney's Point

Question 47

What are the tests used to determine appendicitis?

Answer 47

Complete history and physical exam with WBC it will be elevated

Question 48

What is the treatment for appendicitis?

Answer 48

Immediate surgery to remove the appendix, IV antibiotics, Semi-Fowlers position, NPO- gut t rest

Question 49

What is the general treatment for any acute abdominal pain?

Answer 49

NPO status, no heat on abdomen, assess abdominal distention, IV fluid therapy.

Question 50

Where are most ABG samples drawn from?

Answer 50

Radial artery in wrist

Question 51

How long should pressure be applied to the site after collecting an ABG sample?

Answer 51

5MIN

Question 52

What test should be performed before collecting an ABG on a client?

Answer 52

Allen's Test

Question 53

Asperger's syndrome is from what?

Answer 53

Autism

Question 54

An obstructive airway disease caused by ________ and ________ of the bronchioles?

Answer 54

spasms and inflammation

Question 55

What are the signs of asthma

Answer 55

Shortness of breath, tachycardia, expiratory wheezes, and possibly a cough.

Question 56

When will the client experience the cough with Asthma?

Answer 56

At night

Question 57

What is the primary treatment goal for asthma?

Answer 57

identify the allergens

Question 58

What medications work best for the treatment of asthma?

Answer 58

Anti-inflammatory, Corticosteroids, Bronchodilators, leukotriene modifiers, metered dose inhalers

Question 59

Which should you give first- the steroid or the bronchodilator- when treating asthma?

Answer 59

The bronchodilator

Question 60

Autonomic dysreflexia occurs in clients with what kind of injury?

Answer 60

Spinal cord injury ( T-5 or above)

Question 61

What can cause autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 61

Noxious stimuli such as a full bladder or fecal impaction

Question 62

Why is autonomic dysreflexia so serious?

Answer 62

Life threatening due to clients becoming extremely HYPERTENSIVE

Question 63

What are the signs of autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 63

Increased BP 40 mm/Hg, headache, bradycardia, blurred vision, sweating

Question 64

What should be done during an episode of Autonomic Dysreflexia?

Answer 64

Place client in high fowlers, check bladder distention, loosen clothing

Question 65

What is the treatment for Autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 65

Removal of the stimuli, patient needs to void/ bowel movement

Question 66

What cranial nerve is affected in bells' palsy

Answer 66

Cranial nerve #7

Question 67

What does the client with Bell's palsy suffer from?

Answer 67

Temporary facial paralysis, that affects chewing, eating and closing the eye

Question 68

What is the treatment for Bell's palsy?

Answer 68

Wear an eye patch at night, use artificial tears, wear glasses to protect the eye, STEROIDS to reduce edema and swelling

Question 69

What is the most common infection spread through blood transfusion? Hepatitis B

Answer 69

Hepatitis B