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Anatomy (711) > Neck Muscles > Flashcards

Neck Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 superficial neck muscles?

A
  • platysma
  • sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
  • trapezius
  • levator scapulae
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2
Q

platysma

A
  • base of neck to mandible

- tense neck skin and depress jaw (synergist w lateral pterygoid)

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3
Q

SCM attachments

A

mastoid process to sternum/clavicle

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4
Q

SCM innervation

A

CN 11

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5
Q

SCM actions at skull and upper cervical (when origin is sternum/clavicle and insertion is mastoid process)

A

bilateral extension; unilateral ABD/ADD and rotation of head

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6
Q

SCM actions at lower cervical (when origin is sternum/clavicle and insertion is mastoid process)

A

bilateral flexion; unilateral ABD/ADD and rotation

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7
Q

SCM actions when origin is mastoid process and insertion is sternum/clavicle

A

lift anterior rib cage for inhalation

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8
Q

upper trap actions when origin is clavicle/acromion/spine of scapula and insertion is skull/nuchal ligament

A
  • bilateral extension of skull; unilateral ABD/ADD and rotation
  • acts on the atlanto-occipital and cervical intervertebral joints
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9
Q

levator scapulae actions when origin is medial angle of scapula and insertion is upper cervical transverse processes

A

bilateral extension of skull; unilateral ABD/ADD and rotation

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10
Q

4 main functions of the suprahyoid muscles

A
  • connect hyoid to cranium
  • form the floor of the mouth
  • form the origin for tongue muscles
  • elevate larynx for swallowing and sound modification
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11
Q

what are the 4 suprahyoid muscles?

A
  • mylohyoid
  • geniohyoid (deep to mylohyoid)
  • stylohyoid
  • digastric
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12
Q

The suprahyoid muscles all have the same action. What is it?

A

elevate hyoid to elevate larynx in swallowing and vocalization

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13
Q

mylohyoid attachments

A

mandible –> raphe/hyoid

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14
Q

mylohyoid innervation

A

CN 5

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15
Q

geniohyoid attachments

A

chin –> hyoid

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16
Q

geniohyoid innervation

A

cervical plexus

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17
Q

what is unique about the digastric muscle?

A

it has anterior and posterior bellies connected by an intermediate tendon and sling/fibrous loop

18
Q

digastric attachments

A

mandible (ant belly) –> int tendon –> sling from hyoid –> mastoid process (post belly)

19
Q

digastric innervation

A
  • anterior belly: CN 5

- post belly: CN 7

20
Q

what are the 4 infrahyoid muscles?

A
  • sternohyoid
  • omohyoid
  • sternothyroid (deep to sternohyoid)
  • thyrohyoid
21
Q

The infrahyoid muscles all have the same action. What is it?

A

depress the hyoid and larynx for breathing and sound modification

22
Q

what is the innervation for all the infrahyoid muscles?

A

cervical plexus

23
Q

sternohyoid attachments

A

sternum –> hyoid

24
Q

what is unique about the omohyoid muscle?

A

it has superior and inferior bellies connected by an intermediate tendon and sling

25
Q

omohyoid attachments

A

hyoid (sup belly) –> int tendon –> sling on clavicle –> superior border of scapula (inf belly)

26
Q

sternothyroid attachments

A

sternum –> thyroid cartilage of larynx

27
Q

thyrohyoid attachments

A

thyroid cartilage of larynx –> hyoid

28
Q

what are the deep neck muscles?

A
  • longus colli
  • longus capitis
  • scalenes: anterior, middle, posterior
29
Q

what is the innervation for all the deep neck muscles?

A

cervical plexus

30
Q

longus colli upper attachments

A

superior cervical vertebral bodies –> middle cervical transverse processes

31
Q

longus colli lower attachments

A

middle cervical transverse processes –> lower cervical/upper thoracic vertebral bodies

32
Q

longus colli actions (at cervical intervertebral joints)

A

bilateral flexion of skull; unilateral ABD/ADD and rotation

33
Q

longus capitis attachments

A

occipital bone –> middle cervical transverse processes

34
Q

longus capitis actions (at atlanto-occipital and upper cervical intervertebral joints)

A

bilateral flexion of skull; unilateral ABD/ADD and rotation

35
Q

scalenes attachments

A

cervical transverse processes –> ribs 1 and 2

36
Q

scalenes actions when origin is upper ribs and insertion is cervical transverse processes

A

bilateral flexion of skull; unilateral ABD/ADD and rotation at cervical intervertebral joints

37
Q

scalenes actions when origin is cervical transverse processes and insertion is upper ribs

A

elevate anterior rib cage for inhalation

38
Q

what 2 muscles do the scalenes synergize with for inhalation?

A

SCM and external intercostals

39
Q

the ____ passes between the anterior and middle scalenes

A

brachial plexus

40
Q

the ____ passes over the anterior scalene

A

phrenic nerve

41
Q

stylohyoid attachments

A

temporal styloid process –> hyoid

42
Q

stylohyoid innervation

A

CN 7

Anatomy (711) (62 decks)

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