Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Gastrointestinal > Neonatal Jaundice > Flashcards

Neonatal Jaundice Flashcards

(54 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is bilirubin?

A

Breakdown product of RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the definition of hyperbilirubinemia?

A

Direct = >2 mg/dL
OR
Conjugated >20% of total

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Jaundice is apparent at levels of bilirubin higher than what?

A

> 5 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 4 APP objectives for neonates and jaundice?

A
  1. Promote Breast feed
  2. Systemic assessment
  3. Provide early risk assessment
  4. Treat with phototherapy or exchange transfusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the risk factors for neonatal jaundice (blood type, preterm/postterm, race, membranes, diseases, infx,)?

A 
O-
Preterm
Asian
Prolonged membrane rupture
DM
GBS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do you differentiate between cyanosis and bruising?

A

Look inside the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the risk factors for neonatal jaundice (3, gender, birthing process)?

A

Male gender
Vacuum/forceps
Excessive bruising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is it that the later you are born, the less of a risk there is of neonatal jaundice?

A

Matured liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the appropriate place to use the vacuum for birthing?

A

Occiput

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When should jaundice occur, if it does?

A

2-5 day, occurs in 50% of neonates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When after birth is jaundice concerning? Why?

A

within the 1st day of birth

Kernicterus causing MR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What part of the brain does bili accumulate?

A

Basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Beside the liver’s inability to conjugate RBCs in the neonate, what is the cause of jaundice?

A

Hemolysis of RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the RBC life in the newborn?

A

80 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the two physiologic stores of bilirubin if the liver is overwhelmed?

A

Blood and skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the exclusion criteria of physiologic jaundice? (Unconjugated bilirubin levels in term and preterm babies)

A

Unconjugated > 13 mg/dL in term,

or

> 15 mg/dL in term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How long does physiologic jaundice last in term and preterm infants?

A

Less than 1 week in term

Less than 2 weeks in preterm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is blueberry muffin baby? What causes this?

A

Congenital rubella

Extramedullary sites of hematopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the rate of bilirubin level increase that is concerning?

A

Greater than 5 mg/dl/24hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the cause of breast feeding jaundice?

A

Lack of calories in breast feeding, this not excreting enough bilirubin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do you treat breast feeding jaundice?

A

Breast feed often

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What supplements have been shown to worsen breast feeding jaundice?

Study These Flashcards
A

Glucose water or water

23
Q

What is the cause of ABO incompatibility in neonates?

Study These Flashcards
A

Crossing of blood from mother to baby, causing breakdown of baby’s RBCs, causing jaundice

24
Q

What is the antibody type that is seen with ABO incompatibility?

25
What is the test for immune hemolytic anemia?
Direct Coombs test
26
Is Rh incompatibility more or less common than ABO incompatibility? More of less severe?
Less common | More severe
27
What is the result of Rh incompatibility?
Hydrops fetalis or encephalopathy
28
What is rhogam?
Passive IgG immunization for rh +
29
What is breast MILK jaundice? What is the treatment for this?
Increased enterohepatic recirculation of bilirubin secondary to a LCFA "factor" (unknown) in human breast milk that promotes intestinal absorption Self limiting, or can switch to formula for 2 days to watch it go down
30
What are the diagnostic criteria for breast milk jaundice?
Well baby, 2nd week of life, breast feeding well
31
What is pyruvate kinase deficiency?
Decrease level of pyruvate kinase leads to early destruction of RBCs
32
What is type I crigler-Najjar syndrome?
Lack of UGT | No response to phenobarb
33
What is type II crigler-Najjar syndrome?
Decreased UGT | Some response to phenobarb
34
How does jaundice progress?
Head to toe
35
Is visual estimation good for hyperbilirubinemia?
Nope
36
What levels of bilirubinemia causes the appearance of jaundice?
5-6 mg/dL
37
How do you assess for jaundice?
Blood specimen or spectrophotometer
38
What is infant life measured in for determining what to do with jaundice?
Hours
39
What is a nomogram?
Graph that determines that risk of neonatal jaundice, and the timeframe for f/u
40
When should f/u be with a risk zone of low to high intermediate?
2-3 days
41
When should f/u be with a risk zone of high?
24 hours
42
What is phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia?
Blue-green light that causes indirect bilirubin to open up and become soluble--DOES NOT conjugate bilirubin
43
What are the risks of phototherapy? (2)
Retinal degeneration | Increased fluid loss
44
What happens when bili lights are used for conjugated bilirubin? (Bronze baby syndrome)
May cause photo destruction of copper porphyrins, causing urine and skin to become bronze
45
What is congenital erythropoietic porphyria?What is the effect of phototherapy with these kids?
Rare enzymatic defect in uroporphyrin synthase If baby is exposed to phototherapy, may cause severe bullous lesions on exposed skin = death
46
Do you need supplemental fluids with phototherapy?
No
47
When do you discontinue bili lights?
Not set guidlines
48
Do you need to follow serum bilirubin after discontinuation of phototherapy?
No
49
Can a mother stop phototherapy for breast feeding?
Yes
50
What is the treatment for polycythemia vera?
Exchange transfusion with D5
51
What is the alternative treatment for hyperbilirubinemia if bili lights are not possible?
Exchange transfusion with blood
52
Conjugated bili above what level is concerning in infants?
Greater than 2 mg/dL
53
True or false: HSM is common in physiologic jaundice
False
54
True or false: pallor or plethora is not a part of physiologic jaundice
True

Gastrointestinal (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions