Neonatology Flashcards
Target temperature for newborns
36.5-37.5
Optimal method for maintaining temperature in a stable neonate
Skin to skin contact.
Low brith weight
Very low birthweight
Extremely low birthweight
- <2,500g
- <1500g
- <1000g
- Late preterm
- Very preterm birth
- Extremely preterm birth
- > 34 / <37
- <32
- <28
IUGR definition
Birthweight <3%
Better prognosis? Symmetric or asymmetric IUGR.
Asymmetric.
Large for gestational age
> 90th percentile
A P G A R
Activity Pulse Grimace Appearance Respiration
The most important component of the APGAR score?
Respiration
For neonatal BLS what is the priority of the 3 things?
ABC
Function of the APGAR score?
Assess the need for resuscitation.
Cut off for resuscitation?
<8
6 components of the NBS?
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Congential hypothyroidism
- Galactosemia
- Phenylketonuria
- G6PD deficiency
- MSUD
First sign of Congential hypothyroidism?
Prolonged jaundice
Most common type of CAH?
21 hydroxylase deficiency.
What is the newborng screening RA?
RA# 9288
Physiologic jaundice how long?
2 weeks
Symptoms of CAH with 21hydroxylase deficiency?
Labs?
- Vomiting
- Failure to thrive
- Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia
in CAH with 21 he. There is elevation of?
17 hydroxyprogesterone
Galactosemia.
Enzyme defect?
Absolute contraindication to?
- Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency.
2. Breastfeeding/
Drugs causing G6PD?
- Sulfonamides
- Nalidixic acid
- Nitrofurantoin
- Chloramphenicol
- Antimalarials
- Vitamin k analogue
- ASA
- Benzene
- Napthalene
PKU enzyme defect
Phenylalanine hydroxylase.
Most common manifestation of PKU?
Developmental delay.
MSUD enzyme deficiency.
What AA are built up?
Branched chain alpha ketoacid dehydrogenase complex.
Valine, leucine, isoleucine.
Resolution of caput succadeneum?
Resolves 48-72 hours after birth
Cephalhematoma presentation?
Enlarges after birth, resolution after 2-3 weeks. If patient does not deteriorate.
Cephalhematoma vs subgaleal hemorrhage?
- Bleeding subgaleal: racoon eyes, nape
Most common type of Esophageal atresia, describe
Type c proximal blind pouch + distal TEF.
Bochdalek vs morgagni
Bochdalek : posterior and left
Morgagni: anterior central.
OEIS complex?
Omphalocoele
extrophy of bladder
Imperforate anus
Spina bifida.