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EAP 2016 > Nerve Agents HM Manual > Flashcards

Nerve Agents HM Manual Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

What are the latent symptoms of Pulmonary agent exposure?

A

Rapid, shallow and labored breathing, Painful cough
Cyanosis, frothy sputum, clammy skin, rapid feeble pulse
Low BP
Crackles and rales

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2
Q

What sxs would you expect in a person with a large exposure to vapor nerve agent?

A 
Miosis, 
sudden LOC
Convulsions
Apnea
Flaccid paralysis
Copious secretions from mouth, nose and lungs
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3
Q

What chemical agent is a cyanide that disrupts oxygen utilization at the cellular level?

A

Blood agents

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4
Q

What antidote kit is replacing the MARK 1?

A

the autoinjector treatment; Nerve Agent Antidote (ATNAA)

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5
Q

What are the Nerve agents?

A 
Vx
Tabun
Sarin
Soman
CycloSarin
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6
Q

What is the NATO code for distilled mustard?

A

HD

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7
Q

What sxs would you expect in a patient who inhaled a blister agent?

A

Sore throat, sinus pain, hoarseness, productive cough and shortness of breath
May hear crackles and rales

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8
Q

What is the NATO code for Mustard?

A

H

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9
Q

What are some symptoms indicating blister agent exposure?

A

Pain and gritting feeling in eyes, spastic blinking
Photophobia, swelling of the eye lids
Erythema and blisters to the skin

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10
Q

What is the NATO code for Soman?

A

GD

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11
Q

What is the NATO code for CycloSarin?

A

GF

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12
Q

What is the treatment for systemic involvement of Lewisite?

A

British Anti-Lewisite

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13
Q

What are the pulmonary agents?

A

Phosgene
Chlorine
Diphosgene

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14
Q

What is the NATO symbol for Diphosgene?

A

DP

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15
Q

What drug is considered an acetylcholine blocker?

A

Atropine

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16
Q

What is the treatment for the pulmonary agent casualty?

A

Supportive, limit exertion as mild exertion can exacerbate sxs.
May need to oxygeniate and ventilate

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17
Q

What is the NATO code for Tabun?

A

GA

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18
Q

What are some physical characteristics of Lewisite?

A

Light to dark brown liquid that vaporizes slowly

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19
Q

What medication is used for nerve agent poisoning and acts by removing the nerve agent from the enzyme acetlcholinesterase?

20
Q

What odor may Patients exposed to mustard report smelling?

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A

Garlic, mustard or horseradish

21
Q

What is the NATO code for Cyanogen Chloride?

22
Q

What odor does Hydrogen Cyanide have?

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A

Bitter Almonds

23
Q

What is the treatment of blood agent casualties?

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A

1) Two amyl nitrite ampules crushed and inhaled (until 8 have been used) or IV sodium nitrate 300-600mg
2) Sodium thiosulfate 12.5g

24
Q

What medications are found in the MARK 1 Antidote kit?

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A

Atropine 2mg

2-PAM CL 600mg

25
What are the blood agents?
Hydrogen cyanide | Cyanogen chloride
26
What medication is found in the convulsive antidote, Nerve agent (CANA)?
Diazepam 10mg
27
What is the NATO code for Lewisite?
L
28
What is the drug of choice for treating nerve agent poisoning?
Atropine
29
What odor may patients exposed to lewisite report smelling?
Geranium
30
What sxs would you see in a patient with high exposure to blood agents?
Rapid onset of increased rate and depth of breathing, convulsions, apnea and cardiac arrest
31
What sxs would you see in a patient with a moderate exposure to blood agents?
Transient increase in rate and depth of breathing, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting Headache and eye irritation
32
What is the NATO symbol for Chlorine?
CL
33
What is the NATO code for Sarin?
GB
34
Pharmacologically, the nerve agents are ______ inhibitors.
Cholinesterase
35
What allergy is a condraindication to the use of British Anti-Lewisite?
Peanut allergies
36
Which of the blister agents has an immediate onset?
Lewisite
37
What chemical agent acts by causing damage to the membranes in the lungs and separates the alveolar tissues?
Pulmonary
38
What is the odor of phosgene?
new mown hay or freshly cut grass
39
What are some physical characteristics of H, HD, and HN?
Oily | Colorless or pale yellow liquids
40
What is the NATO code for Hydrogen cyanide?
AC
41
What are the blister/vesicant agents?
Mustard Distilled Mustard Nitrogen Mustard Lewisite
42
What is the NATO symbol for Phosgene?
CG
43
In what order should nerve agent casualties be decontaminated?
``` Face Neck area Chest area Abdomen Arms and hands Other ```
44
What further treatment should medical personal provide to a severe nerve agent casualty who has already received 4 MARK 1 kits?
Atropine 2mg at 5-10min intervals, until there is a reduction in secretion and breathing difficulty. If sxs persist after one hour, can give an additional 3 MARK 1 kits
45
What sxs would you expect in a person with a small exposure to a vapor nerve agent?
Miosis Rhinorrhea Mild dyspnea
46
What is the NATO code for Nitrogen Mustard?
HN

EAP 2016 (7 decks)

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