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Exam Revision > Nerves > Flashcards

Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

where does the olfactory nerve exit the skull

A

cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

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2
Q

where does optic nerve exit skull

A

optic canal

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3
Q

what nerves exit through superior orbital fissure

A

Oculomotor
Trochlear
Ophthalmic division of Trigeminal (V1)
Abducens

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4
Q

what nerve exits via foramen rotundum

A

Maxillary (V2)

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5
Q

what nerve exits via foramen ovale

A

Mandibular (V3)

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6
Q

where does the facial nerve exit the skull

A

stylomastoid foramen

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7
Q

what nerves exit via jugular foramen

A

Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Spinal accessory

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8
Q

where does the hypoglossal nerve exit the skull

A

hypoglossal canal

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9
Q

where does the vestibulocochlear nerve exit the skull

A

internal acoustic meatus

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10
Q

which nerve moves the lateral rectus

A

abducens

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11
Q

which nerve moves the superior oblique

A

trochlear

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12
Q

which nerve innervates the parotid gland

A

glossopharyngeal

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13
Q

which nerve innervates constrictor pupillae

A

occulmotor

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14
Q

which nerve innervates the trapezius + sternocleidomastoid

A

spinal accessory

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15
Q

what muscles are innervated by V3

A 
masseter
temporalis 
medial pterygoid 
lateral pterygoid 
tensor veli palatini 
tensor tympani
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16
Q

what does the chorda tympani connect with to supply the anterior 2/3rd of tongue

A

lingual branch of V3

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17
Q

what nerve supplies the strapedius? what is the effect?

A

facial- decreases stapes movement to dampen sound, protects internal ear

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18
Q

what nerve supplies the middle ear cavity + Eustachian tube

A

glossopharyngeal

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19
Q

what nerve supplies the larynx

A

vagus

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20
Q

what nerve supplies the pharynx? what is the exception?

A

vagus

stylopharyngues - glossopharyngeal

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21
Q

what nerve supplies muscle of the tongue? what is the exception?

A

hypoglossal

palatoglossus- vagus

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22
Q

which nerve does not synapse in the thalamus

A

olfactory

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23
Q

roots of sciatic nerve

A

L4-S3

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24
Q

roots of femoral nerve

A

L2,3,4

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25
Q

roots of pudendal nerve

A

S2,3,4

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26
Q

roots of phrenic nerve

A

C3,4,5

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27
Q

what nerve supplies anterior thigh

A

femoral nerve

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28
Q

function of anterior compartment of the thigh

A

knee extension

hip flexion

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29
Q

what nerve supplies the medial compartment of the thigh

A

obturator nerve

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30
Q

function of medial compartment of the thigh

A

adduction

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31
Q

what nerve supplies posterior compartment of the thigh

A

sciatic nerve

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32
Q

function of posterior compartment of the thigh

A

hip extension

knee flexion

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33
Q

what nerve supplies anterior compartment of leg

A

deep fibular nerve

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34
Q

function of anterior compartment of leg

A

dorsiflexion + foot inversion

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35
Q

what nerve supplies lateral compartment of leg

A

superficial fibular

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36
Q

function of lateral compartment of leg

A

eversion of foot

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37
Q

what nerve supplies posterior compartment of leg

A

tibial nerve

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38
Q

function of posterior compartment of leg

A

plantarflexion

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39
Q

sensory supply dorsum of foot

A

superficial fibular nerve

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40
Q

sensory supply 1st webspace

A

deep fibular nerve

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41
Q

what nerve supplies short head of biceps femoris

A

common fibular

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42
Q

what nerve supplies long head of biceps femoris

A

tibial nerve

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43
Q

what supplies psoas major

A

anterior rami L1-L3

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44
Q

what nerve supplies the muscles in the anterior forearm

A

median

except flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial part of flexor digitorum profundus

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45
Q

function of muscles in the anterior forearm

A

flexion of wrist

- arise from MEDIAL epicondyle

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46
Q

what nerve supplies posterior forearm

A

radial nerve

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47
Q

function of muscles in posterior forearm

A

extension of wrist- damage causes WRIST DROP

48
Q

what nerve supplies biceps

A

musculocutaenous

- elbow flexion

49
Q

what nerve supplies triceps

A

radial

- elbow extension

50
Q

nerve supply to regimental badge patch

A

axillary

51
Q

roots of axillary nerve

A

C5 C6

52
Q

what muscles in the hand are supplied by median nerve

A

LOAF

lateral two lumbricals
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor Pollicis Brevis

53
Q

what nerve is injured in a lunate dislocation

A

median

54
Q

what nerve is injured in supracondylar fracture

A

median

55
Q

damage to what nerve causes winged scapula

A

long thoracic nerve

56
Q

what does the long thoracic nerve supply

A

serratus anterior

57
Q

damage to what nerve gives positive trendelenburg

A

superior gluteal nerve

58
Q

roots of superior gluteal nerve

A

L4,L5,S1

59
Q

what nerve supplies guteus Maximus

A

inferior gluteal nerve

60
Q

what nerve is damaged in neck of fibula fracture and what is the sign

A

common fibular nerve – foot drop

61
Q

what nerve is damaged in humeral mid shaft fracture

A

radial

62
Q

what nerve supplies latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve

63
Q

what nerve supplies levator scapulae + rhomboids

A

dorsal scapula nerve

64
Q

ankle reflex

A

S1 S2

65
Q

knee reflex

A

L3 L4

66
Q

biceps reflex

A

C5 C6

67
Q

triceps reflex

A

C7 C8

68
Q

what can cause axillary nerve palsy

A

anterior shoulder dislocation

69
Q

patient cannot make ‘OK; sign

A

median nerve injury

70
Q

weakness of 1st dorsal interosseous + adductor pollicis

+ve tinels test, +ve froments test

A

ulnar nerve compression

- cubital tunnel

71
Q

parasthesia in thumb + lateral 2.5 fingers worse at night

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

72
Q

what nerve is damaged in posterior hip dislocation

A

sciatic

73
Q

what nerve is damaged in anterior hip dislocation

A

obturator

74
Q

roots of ulnar nerve

A

C8 T1

75
Q

roots of musculocutaenous

A

C5 C6 C7

76
Q

what nerve forms afferent limb of blink (corneal) reflex

A

V1

77
Q

what nerve forms efferent limb of blink (corneal) reflex

A

facial nerve

78
Q

what nerve supplies levator ani

A

nerve to levator ani - S3,4,5

79
Q

what nerve supplies the clitoris

A

dorsal nerve of the clitoris (branch of pudendal nerve)

80
Q

what fibres do pelvic splanchnic nerves carry

A

Parasympathetic only

81
Q

what nerve supplies inferior portion of vagina

A

deep perineal nerve (branch of the pudendal)

82
Q

nerve supply to the uterus

A

sympathetic from uterovaginal plexus

parasympathetic from pelvic splanchnic nerves

83
Q

stimulation of what autonomic division causes micturition

A

PARASYMPATHETIC

- stimulation causes contraction of detrusor – micturition

84
Q

what types of nerve fibres supply structures in the pelvis

A

sympathetic
parasympathetic
visceral afferent

85
Q

what types of nerve fibres supply structures in the perineum

A

somatic motor

somatic sensory

86
Q

what fibres carry pain from the uterus

A

visceral afferent

87
Q

how is pain carried from aspect of pelvic organs touching peritoneum e.g. uterine tubes, uterus, ovaries

A

visceral afferents that run along sympathetic fibres

  • enter spinal cord between T11-L2
  • pain perceived as suprapubic
88
Q

how is pain carried rom aspect of pelvic organs NOT touching peritoneum e.g. cervix, vagina

A

visceral afferents that run along side parasympathetic fibres

  • enter spinal cord at S2, 3, 4
  • pain perceived in the perineum (S2,3,4 dermatomes)
89
Q

when does spinal cord become cauda equine

A

L2

90
Q

when does the subarachnoid space end

A

S2

91
Q

what vertebral levels is a spinal/ epidural administered

A

L3-L4

92
Q

sympathetic outflow is between which vertebra

A

T1-L2

93
Q

what happens when sympathetic nerve fibres are blocked in a spinal anaesthetic

A

blockade of sympathetic tone to all arterioles in lower limb

    • vasodilation
  • skin looks flushed, warm lower limbs, reduced sweating
  • hypotension
94
Q

where does the pudendal nerve

  • exit the pelvis
  • re renter the pelvis
A

exits via greater sciatic foramen

re-enters via lesser sciatic foramen

95
Q

what is used as a marker in pudendal nerve block and why

A

ischial spine

- pudendal nerve crosses the lateral aspect of sacrospinous ligament

96
Q

what nerve is the:

  • afferent limb of light reflex
  • efferent limb of light reflex
A 
afferent = optic 
efferent = oculomotor
97
Q

what autonomic division causes pupil dilation

A

sympathetic

98
Q

what nerve supplies external urethral sphincter

A

pudendal

99
Q

nerve roots cervical plexus

A

C1-C4

100
Q

nerve roots brachial plexus

A

C5-T1

101
Q

nerve roots lumbar plexus

A

L1-L4

102
Q

nerve roots sacral plexus

A

L5-S4

103
Q

Which vertebral segments have lateral horns

A

T1-L2

- sympathetic outflow

104
Q

what nerve supplies erector spinae

what is the function of the muscle

A

posterior rami

extension of spine

105
Q

what nerve roots does the cauda equina contain

A

L2-L5

S1-S5

106
Q

what is the peripheral cutaneous innervation of medial leg

A

saphenous nerve

107
Q

what is the peripheral cutaneous innervation of lateral leg

A

sural nerve

108
Q

root tested in ankle reflex

A

S1

109
Q

root tested in knee reflex

A

L4

110
Q

root tested in triceps reflex

A

C7

111
Q

root tested in supinator reflex

A

C6

112
Q

root tested in biceps reflex

A

C5

113
Q

nerve supply to teres minor

A

axillary

114
Q

thenar muscles supply

A

median

115
Q

hypothenar muscles supply

A

ulnar

116
Q

which nerve passes down lateral aspect of aortic arch

A

left vagus nerve

117
Q

general sensory anterior 2/3rd tongue

A

lingual branch of V3

facial does special sensory

Exam Revision (32 decks)

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