Nervous System Drills (Multiple Choice)

Question 1

The term central nervous system refers to the ___.

Answer 1

Brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Fibers that carry information from the skin, joints, and skeletal muscles to the central nervous system are _____.

Answer 2

Somatic sensory

Question 3

Which neuroglial cells forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?

Answer 3

Oligodendrocytes

Question 4

The Schwann cell forms a myelin sheath around the ____.

Answer 4

Axon

Question 5

The neuron processes that normally receive incoming stimuli are called _____.

Answer 5

Dendrites

Question 6

Collections of nerve cell bodies inside the CNS are called _____.

Answer 6

Nuclei

Question 7

The major role of the interneuron is to ____.

Answer 7

Connect motor and sensory neurons in their
pathways

Question 8

Neurons with several processes branching off the cell body, such as motor neurons and interneurons, are structurally classified as _____.

Answer 8

Multipolar

Question 9

The two major functional properties of neurons are _____.

Answer 9

Irritability and conductivity

Question 10

White matters refers to myelinated fibers in the _____.

Answer 10

CNS

Question 11

Impulse conduction is fastest in neurons that are _____.

Answer 11

Myelinated

Question 12

Bipolar neurons are commonly ____.

Answer 12

Found in the eye and nose

Question 13

During the resting state, a neuron is ______.

Answer 13

Polarized with sodium ions outside the cell and
potassium ions inside the cell

Question 14

Immediately after an action potential is propagated, _____ rapidly diffuses out of the cell into the tissue fluid.

Answer 14

Potassium

Question 15

An action potential is caused by an influx of these ions into the cell.

Answer 15

Sodium

Question 16

Nerve impulse transmissions occurring along myelinated neurons are called ____.

Answer 16

Saltatory conduction

Question 17

The diffusion of potassium ions out of a neuron causes it to experience ____.

Answer 17

Repolarization

Question 18

Which one of the following is the correct sequence of events that correlates to the sequence of events of a nerve impulse?

1. The membrane becomes depolarized.
2. Sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward.
3. The membrane becomes repolarized.
4. Potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell.

Answer 18

2, 1, 4, 3

Question 19

Which ion causes neurotransmitter vesicles to fuse with the axon’s membrane during the conduction of a nerve impulse from one neuron to the next?

Answer 19

Calcium

Question 20

The gap between two communicating neurons is termed ____.

Answer 20

Synaptic cleft

Question 21

The substance that is released at axonal endings to propagate a nervous impulse is called ____.

Answer 21

Neurotransmitter

Question 22

What is the correct sequence in a typical reflex arc?

Answer 22

Receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector

Question 23

Muscles and glands are ____.

Answer 23

Effectors

Question 24

Which type of reflex involves skeletal muscles?

Answer 24

Somatic

Question 25

The elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are known as __________ while the shallow grooves are termed __________.

Answer 25

Gyri; sulci

Question 26

A stroke in the primary motor area has caused Don to lose control over his skeletal muscles on the right side of his body. What lobe of his brain was damaged?

Answer 26

Frontal lobe

Question 27

Sally has a brain injury; she knows what she wants to say but can't vocalize the words. The part of her brain that deals with the ability to speak is the _____.

Answer 27

Broca's area

Question 28

The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are housed in the _____.

Answer 28

Brain stem

Question 29

Which lobe contains the primary motor area and enables voluntary control of skeletal muscle movements?

Answer 29

Frontal lobe

Question 30

The pituitary gland is most closely associated with the _____.

Answer 30

Hypothalamus

Question 31

Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through all of the following except:

Answer 31

Corpus callosum

Question 32

The area of the brain stem that plays a role in consciousness and the awake/sleep cycles is the _____.

Answer 32

Reticular activating system (RAS)

Question 33

Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst are functions associated with the ____.

Answer 33

Hypothalamus

Question 34

The vital centers for the control of visceral activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting are located in the ______.

Answer 34

Medulla oblongata

Question 35

Loss of muscle coordination results from damage to the ____.

Answer 35

Cerebellum

Question 36

What is the correct sequence from outermost to innermost layers of the meninges?

Answer 36

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Question 37

The dura mater located in the fissure that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum is _______.

Answer 37

Tentorium cerebelli

Question 38

The cerebrospinal fluid _____.

Answer 38

is continually formed mostly by the choroid plexuses.

Question 39

The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of ____.

Answer 39

Metabolic waste such as urea

Question 40

A stroke is also known as ____.

Answer 40

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Question 41

The gray matter of the spinal cord ____.

Answer 41

Surrounds the central canal

Question 42

Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in ____.

Answer 42

Dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

Question 43

What is the correct sequence of nerves that exit the spinal cord, going from superior to inferior?

Answer 43

Cervical spinal nerves, thoracic spinal nerves, lumbar spinal nerves, sacral spinal nerves

Question 44

What is the correct sequence in connective tissue sheaths, going from outermost to innermost layer?

Answer 44

Epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium

Question 45

Each spinal nerve branches into a ventral and dorsal _____.

Answer 45

Ramus

Question 46

The function of the olfactory nerve concerns ____.

Answer 46

Smell

Question 47

The nerve that contains sensory fibers that are involved in hearing is ____.

Answer 47

Cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve)

Question 48

Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the ____.

Answer 48

Sacral plexus

Question 49

Damage to this nerve results in "wristdrop," the inability to extend the hand at the wrist.

Answer 49

Radial

Question 50

Which nervous system subdivision is a chain of two motor neurons consisting of a preganglion and a postganglionic neuron?

Answer 50

Autonomic

Question 51

Which of the nerve plexuses serves the shoulder and arm?

Answer 51

Brachial

Question 52

The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body resulting from a combination of which two nerves?

Answer 52

Common fibular and tibial nerves

Question 53

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the ____.

Answer 53

Autonomic nervous system

Question 54

In contrast to the somatic nervous system, the autonomic nervous system ____.

Answer 54

has two motor neurons

Question 55

What effector is NOT directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 55

Skeletal muscle

Question 56

Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response during threatening situations is the role of the _____.

Answer 56

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 57

Which of the following effects is characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 57

Decreases heart rate

Question 58

The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the _____.

Answer 58

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 59

Sympathetic division fibers leave the spinal cord in the _____.

Answer 59

thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine

Question 60

Which subdivision of the autonomic nervous system operates using the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine?

Answer 60

Parasympathetic

Question 61

Which one of the following statements about aging is most accurate?

Answer 61

Despite some neuronal loss, an unlimited number of neural pathways are available and ready to be developed; therefore, additional learning can occur throughout life.

Question 62

Which of the following is a sympathetic response?

Answer 62

Breakdown of triglycerides in adipose tissue

Question 63

All of the following are effects of the parasympathetic division EXCEPT:

Answer 63

Dilation of pupils

Question 64

What ion channel is used to generate and conduct action potentials?

Answer 64

Voltage-gated channels

Question 65

The subarachnoid space is located between the ____.

Answer 65

Arachnoid and pia mater

Question 66

Parkinson’s disease is due to the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the _____.

Answer 66

Substantia nigra

Question 67

In a spinal tap, CSF fluid is removed from the _____.

Answer 67

Subarachnoid space

Question 68

The portion where an axon joins the cell body is the ____.

Answer 68

Axon hillock

Question 69

True or False: Parasympathetic stimulation increases sweat secretion.

Answer 69

FALSE. Sympathetic stimulation* Parasympathetic nervous system has no effect on sweat glands.

Question 70

True or False: The central sulcus separates the temporal and parietal lobes.

Answer 70

FALSE. It separates the frontal & parietal lobes. The lateral fissure separates the temporal & parietal lobes.