Nervous System II

Question 1

4 main parts of the brain

Answer 1

cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum

Question 2

What is the cerebrum?

Answer 2

the largest part of the brain, two hemispheres, connected by the corpus callosum, gyri and sulci, 5 lobes

Question 3

What are the 5 lobes of the cerebrum?

Answer 3

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, isula

Question 4

The function of the frontal lobe?

Answer 4

voluntary muscles

Question 5

The function of the parietal lobe?

Answer 5

general sensation

Question 6

The function of the occipital lobe?

Answer 6

visual

Question 7

The function of the temporal lobe?

Answer 7

olfactory, auditory

Question 8

The function of the insula lobe?

Answer 8

gustatory (taste)

Question 9

What are the meninges?

Answer 9

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Question 10

What is dura mater?

Answer 10

directly beneath the skull, two layers (periosteal, meningeal), forms dural folds and venous sinuses

Question 11

What is arachnoid mater?

Answer 11

the squishy film between dura and pia, subarachnoid space holds CSF

Question 12

What is pia mater

Answer 12

thin inner layer attached to the brain, very delicate

Question 13

What do the ventricles of the brain do?

Answer 13

contain cerebrospinal fluid, 4 chambers, cerebral aqueduct, interventricular foramen

Question 14

What is the diencephalon?

Answer 14

between cerebrum and brain stem, integrates sensory and motor information, three main parts

Question 15

What are the three main parts of the diencephalon?

Answer 15

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus

Question 16

What is the thalamus?

Answer 16

sensory relay center, interthalamic adhesion, most sensory neurons transmitting to the cortex synapse here

Question 17

What is the hypothalamus?

Answer 17

Connected to pituitary by infundibulum

Question 18

What is the epithalamus?

Answer 18

pineal gland

Question 19

What is the brain stem?

Answer 19

connects brain to spinal cord, autonomic functions

Question 20

What is the mid brain?

Answer 20

visual, auditory, tactile reflexes

Question 21

What is the pons?

Answer 21

connects cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 22

What is the medulla oblongata?

Answer 22

autonomic functions

Question 23

What does CN I do?

Answer 23

Olfactory, smell

Question 24

What does CN II do?

Answer 24

Optic, vision

Question 25

What does CN III do?

Answer 25

Oculomotor, moves eyeball

Question 26

What does CN IV do?

Answer 26

Trochlear, helps move the eyeball

Question 27

What does CN V do?

Answer 27

Trigeminal, facial sensation, mastication

Question 28

What does CN VI do?

Answer 28

Abducens, helps move the eyeball

Question 29

What does CN VII do?

Answer 29

Facial, movement of face, anterior taste, lacrimation

Question 30

What does CN VIII do?

Answer 30

Vestibulochochlear, hearing and equilibrium

Question 31

What does CN IX do?

Answer 31

Glossopharyngeal, taste posterior tongue, gag reflex, salivation

Question 32

What does CN X do?

Answer 32

Vagus, phonation, HR, BP, visceral smooth muscles and glands

Question 33

What does CN XI do?

Answer 33

Spinal Accessory, SCM, trapezius

Question 34

What does CN XII do?

Answer 34

Hypoglossal, tongue movement

Question 35

What are spinal nerves?

Answer 35

31 pairs of nerves that exit the vertebral column through intervertebral foramina

Question 36

What are dorsal and ventral roots?

Answer 36

dorsal: Sensory, cell body ventral: Motor

Question 37

What is the spinal cord external anatomy?

Answer 37

18 inches long, posterior and anterior groove, ends L1/L2 at conus medullaris

Question 38

What are the parts of the cerebrum?

Answer 38

cortex, white matter, basal nuclei

Question 39

What is the cortex?

Answer 39

grey matter, conscience area

Question 40

What is white matter?

Answer 40

myelinated axons that form the medulla, connect parts of the cortex to each other, and have three fiber types: association commissural projection

Question 41

What is the basal nuclei?

Answer 41

pockets of grey matter, deep to medulla, motor, corpus striatum

Question 42

What is the corpus striatum?

Answer 42

caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus

Question 43

What are dural venous sinuses?

Answer 43

Superior sagittal sinus Transverse sinus Straight sinus

Question 44

What are dural folds?

Answer 44

Falx cerebri Tentorium cerebelli Falx cerebelli

Question 45

Where is CSF formed?

Answer 45

In the choroid plexuses

Question 46

What is hydrocephalus?

Answer 46

reabsorption of CSF blocked, swollen skull

Question 47

What is the limbic system?

Answer 47

Emotions, memory, etc. Includes parts of - cerebrum - thalamus - hippocampus - amygdala - hypothalamus - fornix

Question 48

What is the circle of Willis?

Answer 48

arterial supply to the brain