Neurocognitive Disorders

Question 1

this diagnostic class involves a group of disorders in which the primary clinical deficit is in cognitive function and that are acquired rather than developmental

progressive and degenerative condition marked by gradual deterioration of a range of cognitive abilities including memory, language, and planning, organizing, sequencing, and abstracting information

Answer 1

Neurocognitive Disorders

Question 2

what are the multiple neurocognitive domains?

Answer 2

1. Complex attention
2. Executive function,
3. Learning and memory,
4. Language,
5. Perceptual-motor,
6. Social cognition

Question 3

this disorder is characterized by a disturbance of attention or awareness accompanied by a change in baseline
cognition, that is a direct physiological consequence of another medical condition, substance intoxication or withdrawal, or toxin exposure, or combination of these factors

Answer 3

Delirium

Question 3

this disorder involves the gradual deterioration of brain functioning that affects memory, judgment, language, and other advanced cognitive processes

Cannot function independently

Answer 3

Major Neurocognitive Disorder

Question 4

this disorder involves the early stages of cognitive decline

can continue to function independently

Answer 4

Mild Neurocognitive Disorder

Question 4

what is the difference between delirium and the other neurocognitive disorders?

Answer 4

delirium
- acute onset
- disoriented or confused in the early stages

neurocognitive disorders
- gradual progression
- not disoriented or confused in the early stages

Question 5

what is the difference between major neurocognitive disorder and mild neurocognitive disorder?

Answer 5

cognitive decline and independence

MAJOR neurocognitive disorder
- significant cognitive decline and interferes with independence

MILD neurocognitive disorder
- modest cognitive decline and DOES NOT interfere with independence

Question 6

what are the specifiers for NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS? (MAJOR or MILD)

Answer 6

1. Alzheimer’s disease
2. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration
3. Lewy body disease
4. Vascular disease
5. Traumatic brain injury
6. Substance/medication use
7. HIV infection
8. Prion disease
9. Parkinson’s disease
10. Huntington’s disease
11. Another medical condition,
12. Multiple etiologies, unspecified

Question 6

this specifier of NEUROCOGNITVE DISORDERS involves insidious onset and gradual progression of cognitive and behavioral symptoms typically with impairment in memory and learning

Answer 6

Due to Alzheimer’s Disease

Question 6

this specifier for NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER involves progressive development of behavioral and personality change and/or language impairment (behavioral disinhibition, apathy or inertia, loss of sympathy or empathy, perseverative/
stereotyped/compulsive/ritualistic behavior, hyperorality and dietary changes)

Answer 6

Frontotemporal (Lobar Degeneration)

Question 7

this symptom refers to problems with speech production (Brocha’s area) or speech comprehension (Wernicke’s _____)

Answer 7

Aphasia

Question 8

this symptom refers to problems with movement

Answer 8

apaxia

Question 9

this symptom refers to problems with identifying specific objects

Answer 9

Agnosia

Question 10

this specifier for NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER refers to:

Microscopic deposits of protein

Impairment in alertness and attention

Vivid visual hallucinations

Motor impairment

Answer 10

Due to Lewy Body Disease

Question 11

this term refers to the abnormal clumps of protein that accumulate within neurons, primarily those affected by Parkinson’s disease and ____ ___ dementias.

Answer 11

Lewy bodies

Question 11

what are the two types of strokes in Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder

Answer 11

1. Ischemic Stroke
2. Hemorrhagic Stroke

Question 11

this specifier for NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER refers to the clinical features consistent with vascular etiology as suggested by relation of onset to at least one cerebrovascular event and prominent decline in complex attention and frontal-executive function domains

Answer 11

Vascular (Disease)

Question 12

this type of stroke occurs when blood from an artery suddenly begins bleeding into the brain.

Answer 12

Hemorrhagic stroke

Question 12

this type of stroke builds up over time; occurs when a blood clot, known as a thrombus, blocks or plugs an artery leading to the brain

Answer 12

Ischemic stroke

Question 13

what happens to the brain during Alzheimer’s?

Answer 13

CORTEX shrivels up

VENTRICLES FILLED WITH CSF grow larger

HIPPOCAMPUS shrinks severely

Question 13

what part of the brain is responsible for language and information processing?

Answer 13

cerebral cortex

Question 14

what is another name for frontotemporal dementia (FTD)?

Answer 14

PICK’S DISEASE

Question 15

this specifier for NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER involves:

Stooped posture

Bradykinesia

Voice in soft monotone

Tremors, rigidity, akinesia, picture and balance

Answer 15

Due to Parkinson’s Disease

Question 16

this term refers to the slowness of movement

is a key symptom of Parkinson’s disease

Answer 16

Bradykinesia

Question 17

this specifier for NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER involves: Executive dysfunction (e.g. difficulty planning complex activities) Problems with learning and memory Dementia pugilistica

Answer 17

Due to Traumatic Brain Injury

Question 18

this neurocognitive disease is caused by repeated head trauma, especially in athletes like boxers

Answer 18

Dementia pugilistica

Question 19

what is akinesia?

Answer 19

akinesia refers to loss or impairment in power of voluntary movement

Question 19

what does TRAP stand for? (neurocognitive disorder)

Answer 19

T - Tremor R- Rigidity A - Akinesia P - Posture and Balance

Question 20

this specifier for NEUROCOGNITVE DISORDER involves: Cognitive slowness Impaired attention Forgetfulness Clumsiness Repetitive movements Tremors Apathetic Socially withdrawn

Answer 20

Due to HIV Infection

Question 21

this specifier for NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER involves the uncontrolled movement of the arms, legs, head, face and upper body Decline in thinking and reasoning skills, including memory, concentration, judgment, and ability to plan and organize.

Answer 21

Due to Huntington’s Disease

Question 22

this specifier for NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER involves: Proteins without DNA and RNA No treatment Not contagious among humans Cannibalism (Kuru) Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Answer 22

Due to Prion Disease

Question 23

what are prions?

Answer 23

proteins without DNA and RNA

Question 24

what is hydrocephalus?

Answer 24

Hydrocephalus is the buildup of fluid in cavities called ventricles deep within the brain

Question 25

what type of APHASIA involves problems with speech production

Answer 25

Brocha’s area

Question 26

what type of APHASIA involves speech comprehension?

Answer 26

Wernicke's Aphasia

Question 27

what are the disorders categorized under the 17TH DIAGNOSTIC CLASS, NEUROCOGNITVE DISORDERS?

Answer 27

1. Delirium 2. Mild Neurocognitive Disorder 3. Major Neurocognitive Disorder