Neuron & Brain Structure Flashcards

1
Q

The ____ NS is for fight or flight response

A

sympathetic

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2
Q

The ____ NS is for rest & digest response

A

parasympathetic

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3
Q

The brain has about _____ neurons

A

100 billion

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4
Q

nuclei are in the ____ NS and ganglia are in the ____ NS.

A
nuclei = central
ganglia = peripheral
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5
Q

______ produce myelin in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

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6
Q

What does the axon hillock do?

A

interprets excitatory/inhibitory input & decides whether or not to fire

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7
Q

What is the difference between a pyramidal nerve cell and a purkinje nerve cell?

A

Purkinje is more complex/intelligent – compares what you want to do with what you’re actually doing and adjusts accordingly

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8
Q

_______ produce myelin in the CNS.

A

oligodendrocytes

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9
Q

What do astrocytes do?

A

form scar tissue after injury, maintain BBB.

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10
Q

What do ependymal cells do?

A

produce/circulate/monitor CSF

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11
Q

what do microglia do?

A

remove cell debris and waste

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12
Q

Satellite and Schwann cells are part of the ____ NS

A

peripheral

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13
Q

Oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells and microglia are part of the ____ NS

A

central

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14
Q

The cerebral ____ consists of grey matter and the cerebral ____ consists of white matter

A

cortex, medulla

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15
Q

white matter is white because it is made of _____ ____

A

myelinated axons

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16
Q

Where is the longitudinal fissure?

A

in between the R and L lobes

17
Q

_____ fibers are interhemispheric and _____ fibers are intrahemispheric

A

commissural, association

18
Q

What is the corpus callosum?

A

the major interhemispheric connection

19
Q

What happens if you have disease/trauma in your cerebellum? (ie. cerebellar ataxia)

A

Lack of balance/coordination, tremor

20
Q

What are the three parts of the cerebellum?

A

Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

21
Q

What does the thalamus do? What does the hypothalamus do?

A

thalamus relays sensory info (except for sense of smell)

hypothalamus maintains homeostasis in the body

22
Q

Where is the RAS? What does it do?

A

in the brainstem, maintains consciousness and cortex arousal

23
Q

What vital structures are in the brainstem?

A

those for heart rate & breath & swallowing/gag reflex

24
Q

What is damaged in Parkinson’s disease?

A

the substantia nigra

25
Q

What happens if the red nucleus is uninhibited?

A

Your motor system locks up, crossing arms

26
Q

What is the pons? which CN’s are attached?

A

the bridge between the cerebrum and cerebellum – 5678

27
Q

What is the medulla oblongata? which CN’s are attached?

A

cardio-resperatory regulation, 9 10 11 12

28
Q

the ventricles of the brain are filled with ____

A

CSF

29
Q

what is the circle of willis?

A

in the center of the brain, a circle of blood vessels that allows for max. brain tissue blood supply in the event of a blockage