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Neurology > Neuroscience III > Flashcards

Neuroscience III Flashcards

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1
Q

The 1st-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapses with a(n) ipsi-lateral […] or […].

A

The 1st-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapses with a(n) ipsi-lateral nucleus cuneatus or nucleus gracilis.

ascending tracts synapse and then cross

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2
Q

The 1st-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapses with a(n) […]-lateral nucleus cuneatus or nucleus gracilis.

A

The 1st-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapses with a(n) ipsi-lateral nucleus cuneatus or nucleus gracilis.

ascending tracts synapse and then cross

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3
Q

The 1st-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract synapses with an ipsi-lateral cell body in the […] of the spinal cord.

A

The 1st-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract synapses with an ipsi-lateral cell body in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

ascending tracts synapse and then cross

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4
Q

The 1st-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract synapses with an […]-lateral cell body in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

A

The 1st-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract synapses with an ipsi-lateral cell body in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

ascending tracts synapse and then cross

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5
Q

The 2nd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract ascends […]-laterally in the medial lemnicscus (brainstem and above).

A

The 2nd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract ascends contra-laterally in the medial lemnicscus (brainstem and above).

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6
Q

The 2nd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract decussates in the […].

A

The 2nd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract decussates in the caudal medulla.

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7
Q

The 2nd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract ascends […]-laterally in the spinal cord.

A

The 2nd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract ascends contra-laterally in the spinal cord.

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8
Q

The 2nd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract decussates at the […].

A

The 2nd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract decussates at the anterior white commissure.

ascending tracts synapse and then cross

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9
Q

The 2nd-order neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapse in the […] nucleus of the thalamus.

A

The 2nd-order neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract synapse in the ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus.

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10
Q

The 2nd-order neurons of the spinothalamic tract synapse in the […] nucleus of the thalamus.

A

The 2nd-order neurons of the spinothalamic tract synapse in the ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus.

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11
Q

The 2nd-order neurons of trigeminal nerve nuclei synapse in the […] nucleus of the thalamus.

A

he 2nd-order neurons of trigeminal nerve nuclei synapse in the ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus of the thalamus.

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12
Q

The 3rd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract travels to the […].

A

The 3rd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract travels to the primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus).

located in the most anterior portion of the parietal lobe

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13
Q

The 3rd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract travels to the […].

A

The 3rd-order neuron of the spinothalamic tract travels to the primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus).

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14
Q

The anterior spinothalamic tract carries information for […] and pressure.

A

The anterior spinothalamic tract carries information for crude (non-discriminative) touch and pressure.

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15
Q

The area between the ACA/MCA and PCA/MCA (cerebral arteries) represent […] zones.

A

The area between the ACA/MCA and PCA/MCA (cerebral arteries) represent watershed zones.

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16
Q

The area postrema (chemoreceptor trigger zone) is a circumventricular organ found in the medulla that responds to […].

A

The area postrema (chemoreceptor trigger zone) is a circumventricular organ found in the medulla that responds to emetics.

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17
Q

The auditory information from the medial geniculate body projects to the […] of the superior temporal gyrus.

A

The auditory information from the medial geniculate body projects to the primary auditory cortex of the superior temporal gyrus.

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18
Q

The auditory input from the superior olivary nucleus travels via the […] to the inferior colliculus (midbrain).

A

The auditory input from the superior olivary nucleus travels via the lateral lemniscus to the inferior colliculus (midbrain).

each lateral lemniscus carries information derived from both ears; input from contralateral ear predominates

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19
Q

The auditory input from the superior olivary nucleus travels via the lateral lemniscus to the […] (midbrain).

A

The auditory input from the superior olivary nucleus travels via the lateral lemniscus to the inferior colliculus (midbrain).

each lateral lemniscus carries information derived from both ears; input from contralateral ear predominates

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20
Q

The axons from the lateral geniculate body that project to the primary visual (striate) cortex are known as optic […].

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A

The axons from the lateral geniculate body that project to the primary visual (striate) cortex are known as optic radiations.

21
Q

The axons of the 2nd-order neurons of the dorsal column tract coalesce into an axon bundle, known as the […].

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A

The axons of the 2nd-order neurons of the dorsal column tract coalesce into an axon bundle, known as the medial lemniscus.

22
Q

The basal nucleus of Meynert is responsible for the synthesis of […].

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A

The basal nucleus of Meynert is responsible for the synthesis of acetylcholine.

23
Q

The central axons from the spiral ganglion form the […] part of CN VIII.

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A

The central axons from the spiral ganglion form the cochlear part of CN VIII.

24
Q

The cerebellum consists of a midline […] and two lateral hemispheres on each side.

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A

The cerebellum consists of a midline vermis and two lateral hemispheres on each side.

i.e. an intermediate and lateral hemisphere

25
The cerebellum receives contralateral input from the cerebral cortex via the [...] peduncle.
The cerebellum receives contralateral input from the cerebral cortex via the **middle cerebellar** peduncle. processed in the lateral hemisphere
26
The cerebellum receives ipsilateral proprioceptive information from the spinal cord via the [...] peduncle.
The cerebellum receives ipsilateral proprioceptive information from the spinal cord via the **inferior cerebellar** peduncle. processed in the vermis and intermediate hemisphere
27
The cochlea is a spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear that contains the organ of [...].
The cochlea is a spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear that contains the organ of **Corti.**
28
The corticospinal tract is located [...] (medially or laterally) throughout the brainstem.
The corticospinal tract is located **medially** (medially or laterally) throughout the brainstem.
29
The cranial nerve nuclei that exit medially are [...] CNs (motor, sensory, or mixed).
The cranial nerve nuclei that exit medially are **motor** CNs (motor, sensory, or mixed). i.e. CN III, IV, VI, and XII
30
The dentate nucleus sends axons that decussate in the [...] and then synapse in the contralateral ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of the thalamus.
he dentate nucleus sends axons that decussate in the **superior cerebellar peduncle** and then synapse in the contralateral ventral lateral (VL) nucleus of the thalamus.
31
he dentate nucleus sends axons that decussate in the superior cerebellar peduncle and then synapse in the contralateral [...] nucleus of the thalamus.
The dentate nucleus sends axons that decussate in the superior cerebellar peduncle and then synapse in the contralateral **ventral lateral (VL)** nucleus of the thalamus.
32
The dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts enter the cerebellum via the [...].
The dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts enter the cerebellum via the **inferior cerebellar peduncle**. thus lesion to the inferior cerebellar peduncle may result in ipsilateral ataxia and dysmetria
33
The fasciculus cuneatus carries input from the spinal level [...] and above.
The fasciculus cuneatus carries input from the spinal level **T5** and above.
34
The fasciculus cuneatus is the [...] (medial or lateral) dorsal column.
The fasciculus cuneatus is the **lateral** (medial or lateral) dorsal column.
35
The fasciculus gracilis carries input from the spinal level [...] and below.
The fasciculus gracilis carries input from the spinal level T6 and below.
36
The fasciculus gracilis is the [...] (medial or lateral) dorsal column.
The fasciculus gracilis is the **medial** (medial or lateral) dorsal column.
37
The fibers in the corticospinal tract leave the cerebral cortex in the [...].
The fibers in the corticospinal tract leave the cerebral cortex in the **internal capsule**. the internal capsule carries all axons in and out of the cortex
38
The frontal eye fields send axons that decussate and synapse on neurons of the contralateral [...].
The frontal eye fields send axons that decussate and synapse on neurons of the contralateral **paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF).**
39
The globus pallidus is divided into an [...] and [...] segment.
The globus pallidus is divided into an **internal and external** segment. e.g. globus pallidus internis (GPi) and externus (GPe)
40
The inferior colliculus sends auditory information to the [...] of the thalamus.
The inferior colliculus sends auditory information to the **medial geniculate body** of the thalamus.
41
The lateral pterygoid muscle is responsible for [...] the jaw.
The lateral pterygoid muscle is responsible for **opening** the jaw.
42
The masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid muscles are responsible for [...] the jaw (muscles of mastication).
he masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid muscles are responsible for **closing** the jaw (muscles of mastication).
43
The medial lemniscus is initially positioned [...] (medially or laterally) in the caudal medulla.
The medial lemniscus is initially positioned **medially** (medially or laterally) in the caudal medulla.
44
The medial lemniscus is positioned more [...] (medially or laterally) as it ascends through the midbrain.
The medial lemniscus is positioned more **laterally** (medially or laterally) as it ascends through the midbrain. courses laterally to meet with the spinothalamic tract; both travel to the VPL nucleus in the thalamus
45
The medial longitudinal fasciculus is [...] myelinated (heavily or lightly).
The medial longitudinal fasciculus is **heavily** myelinated (heavily or lightly). must communicate quickly so eyes move at the same time
46
The mesencephalic nucleus of V receives [...] input from the face.
The mesencephalic nucleus of V receives **proprioceptive** input from the face.
47
The motor component of skeletal muscle reflexes is mediated by [...] motoneurons (upper or lower).
The motor component of skeletal muscle reflexes is mediated by **lower** motoneurons (upper or lower).
48
The nucleus accumbens is responsible for synthesis of the neurotransmitter [...].
The nucleus accumbens is responsible for synthesis of the neurotransmitter **GABA.**

Neurology (13 decks)

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